Building C2Ada on Linux 2.6.20

By Nasser M. Abbasi

Updated Feb. 2, 2015

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Which platform did I build this on?. 1

Where to get the source code?. 1

Prebuild binary?. 1

How to build it?. 1

Build log file. 2

How to run it?. 2

Changes made to make the code compile/link. 3

Example run and Ada files generated. 3

These are notes to help in building and running C2Ada. Although it compiled and runs, the translator is not perfect, and it does not seem to translate some header files.

Which platform did I build this on?

$uname -a

Linux my-desktop 2.6.20-15-generic #2 SMP Sun Apr 15 07:36:31 UTC 2007 i686 GNU/Linux

Where to get the source code?

Update: Feb. 3, 2015: email from Mike Quentel. A copy of c2ada is now at https://github.com/mikequentel/c2ada 

Update: August 17, 2007: Thanks to the help of Jeff Creem, the source code now resides on http://sourceforge.net/ under the project c2ada. Please obtain it from there. It now in a better place under source control.

I'll leave this page up just for archive/historical reasons.

Here is the august 2007 updated source code c2ada_linux_august_2007.zip

This is the OLD source code tar file BEFORE I made my changes in case someone needs the original. c2ada_OLD_linux_source.tar.gz

Prebuild binary?

This is c2ada binary build for linux. It uses shared libraries are configured on my linux system, so might not work on your linux system.

How to build it?

0) Get the necessary software. On Ubuntu it was easy for me to do this, using adept_manager. I installed latest python, gperf, and bison (for Yacc)

Compiler used in gcc 4.1.2-1. Also make sure you have /bin/csh installed as the script hostinfo included uses this shell and not bash.

1) First, Edit the Makefile and modify the following

GPERF =

PYTHON =

PYTHON_LIB =

PYTHON_INCLUDE =

HERE =

and make them point to correct places in your system. For example, on my system, which is Ubuntu, I have the following:

GPERF = /usr/bin/gperf

PYTHON = /usr/lib/python2.5

PYTHON_LIB = python2.5

PYTHON_INCLUDE = /usr/include/python2.5

HERE = /home/nabbasi/c2ada

In the above, HERE reference to the directory where you extracted the c2Ada sources to.

2)

make realclean

make all

if all is well, you should have file called c2ada in the directory $HERE.

Copy this c2ada to your /usr/local/bin, or any other place, and make sure it is in your path.

Build log file

This is a log file that shows the outout of the build I did.

How to run it?

To use it, do the following. Assume you have a file foo.c, then do

export PYTHONPATH=/home/nabbasi/c2ada:/usr/lib/python2.5/

export PYTHONHOME=/usr/lib/python2.5

c2ada -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/linux -gnat foo.c

This will create a directory called binding below the current directory. Inside binding you will find the result of the translation.

Type c2ada to obtain help and other options c2ada can accept.

Changes made to make the code compile/link

1. The biggest problem was sorting out the problem with the code using _Bool everywhere. This is a c99 new datatype, which gcc 4.1.2 would always gives an error on. I tried -ansi and -std=c99 and -std=gnu89, and none of them helped. I ended up changing _Bool to bool everywhere.
2. edit all source files which contains _Bool and change that to bool
3. Include <string.h> and <stdlib.h> in number of files to remove warnings.
4. edit gen_macros.c to removed static modifier from a declaration of a function that gives error in compiling.

Example run and Ada files generated

This is the output from running c2ada on the following file:

#include <stdio.h>

void main()

{

}

And print of some of the ada files generated.

This ZIP file contains all the files generated from this command below.

$ ./c2ada -I/usr/include -I/usr/include/linux -gnat foo.c

/usr/include/gconv.h, line 72, Error: syntax error

G_config, Warning: Order of types MAY NOT be correct

Info: Generating bindings/foo.ads bindings/foo.adb

Info: Generating bindings/stdio.ads bindings/stdio.adb

Info: Generating bindings/features.ads bindings/features.adb

Info: Generating bindings/sys-cdefs.ads bindings/sys-cdefs.adb

Info: Generating bindings/bits-wordsize.ads bindings/bits-wordsize.adb

Info: Generating bindings/gnu-stubs.ads bindings/gnu-stubs.adb

Info: Generating bindings/gnu-stubs-32.ads bindings/gnu-stubs-32.adb

Info: Generating bindings/linux-stddef.ads bindings/linux-stddef.adb

Info: Generating bindings/bits-types.ads bindings/bits-types.adb

Info: Generating bindings/bits-typesizes.ads bindings/bits-typesizes.adb

Info: Generating bindings/libio.ads bindings/libio.adb

Info: Generating bindings/g_config.ads bindings/g_config.adb

Info: Generating bindings/wchar.ads bindings/wchar.adb

Info: Generating bindings/bits-wchar.ads bindings/bits-wchar.adb

Info: Generating bindings/gconv.ads bindings/gconv.adb

__GNUC_PREREQ untranslated, /usr/include/features.h line 135

__GLIBC_PREREQ untranslated, /usr/include/features.h line 309

__NTH untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 64

__volatile untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 68

__P untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 74

__PMT untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 75

__CONCAT untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 80

__STRING untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 81

__USING_NAMESPACE_STD untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 116

__USING_NAMESPACE_C99 untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 119

__bos untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 132

__bos0 untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 133

__warndecl untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 134

__flexarr untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 149

__attribute_used__ untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 218

__attribute_format_arg__ untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 238

__attribute_format_strfmon__ untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 249

__nonnull untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 257

__always_inline untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 279

__LDBL_REDIR1 untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 331

__LDBL_REDIR untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 332

__LDBL_REDIR1_NTH untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 333

__LDBL_REDIR_NTH untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 334

__LDBL_REDIR_DECL untranslated, /usr/include/sys/cdefs.h line 335

NULL untranslated, /usr/include/linux/stddef.h line 9

__STD_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/types.h line 119

__DEV_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 30

__UID_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 31

__GID_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 32

__INO_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 33

__INO64_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 34

__MODE_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 35

__NLINK_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 36

__OFF_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 37

__OFF64_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 38

__PID_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 39

__RLIM_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 40

__RLIM64_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 41

__BLKCNT_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 42

__BLKCNT64_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 43

__FSBLKCNT_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 44

__FSBLKCNT64_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 45

__FSFILCNT_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 46

__FSFILCNT64_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 47

__ID_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 48

__CLOCK_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 49

__TIME_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 50

__USECONDS_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 51

__SUSECONDS_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 52

__DADDR_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 53

__SWBLK_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 54

__KEY_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 55

__CLOCKID_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 56

__BLKSIZE_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 58

__FSID_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 59

__SSIZE_T_TYPE untranslated, /usr/include/bits/typesizes.h line 60

_G_size_t untranslated, /usr/include/_G_config.h line 25

_G_wchar_t untranslated, /usr/include/_G_config.h line 41

_G_stat64 untranslated, /usr/include/_G_config.h line 43

__UNKNOWN_10646_CHAR untranslated, /usr/include/gconv.h line 34

nabbasi@my-desktop:~/c2ada_OK$ cd bindings/

nabbasi@my-desktop:~/c2ada_OK/bindings$ ls -lrt

total 124

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 1397 2007-08-12 07:39 wchar.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 60 2007-08-12 07:39 wchar.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 2371 2007-08-12 07:39 sys-cdefs.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 68 2007-08-12 07:39 sys-cdefs.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 1081 2007-08-12 07:39 stdio.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 60 2007-08-12 07:39 stdio.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 192 2007-08-12 07:39 linux-stddef.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 74 2007-08-12 07:39 linux-stddef.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 178 2007-08-12 07:39 libio.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 60 2007-08-12 07:39 libio.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 46 2007-08-12 07:39 gnu-stubs.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 68 2007-08-12 07:39 gnu-stubs.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 2152 2007-08-12 07:39 gnu-stubs-32.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 74 2007-08-12 07:39 gnu-stubs-32.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 2256 2007-08-12 07:39 gconv.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 60 2007-08-12 07:39 gconv.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 2269 2007-08-12 07:39 g_config.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 66 2007-08-12 07:39 g_config.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 26 2007-08-12 07:39 foo.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 64 2007-08-12 07:39 foo.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 896 2007-08-12 07:39 features.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 66 2007-08-12 07:39 features.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 185 2007-08-12 07:39 bits-wordsize.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 76 2007-08-12 07:39 bits-wordsize.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 457 2007-08-12 07:39 bits-wchar.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 70 2007-08-12 07:39 bits-wchar.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 445 2007-08-12 07:39 bits-typesizes.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 78 2007-08-12 07:39 bits-typesizes.adb

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 6447 2007-08-12 07:39 bits-types.ads

-rw-r--r-- 1 nabbasi nabbasi 70 2007-08-12 07:39 bits-types.adb

nabbasi@my-desktop:~/c2ada_OK/bindings$

$ cat foo.adb

with C;

with C.Ops; use C.Ops;

package body foo is

end foo;

nabbasi@my-desktop:~/c2ada_OK/bindings$ cat stdio.ads

with C;

package stdio is

STDIO_H : constant := 1; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:27

need_size_t : constant Boolean := True; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:32

need_NULL : constant Boolean := True; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:33

need_FILE : constant Boolean := True; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:37

need_FILE_c0 : constant Boolean := True; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:38

FILE_defined : constant := 1; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:54

FILE_defined_c0 : constant := 1; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:64

STDIO_USES_IOSTREAM : constant Boolean := True; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:70

type struct_IO_FILE; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:46

type FILE; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:46

type FILE_c0; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:62

subtype FILE is struct_IO_FILE; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:46

subtype FILE_c0 is struct_IO_FILE; -- /usr/include/stdio.h:62

end stdio;

nabbasi@my-desktop:~/c2ada_OK/bindings$ cat features.ads

with C;

package features is

FEATURES_H : constant := 1; -- /usr/include/features.h:21

KERNEL_STRICT_NAMES : constant Boolean := True;

-- /usr/include/features.h:118

USE_ANSI : constant := 1; -- /usr/include/features.h:122

USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL : constant := 0; -- /usr/include/features.h:285

STDC_IEC_559 : constant := 1; -- /usr/include/features.h:289

STDC_IEC_559_COMPLEX: constant := 1; -- /usr/include/features.h:290

STDC_ISO_10646 : constant := 200009; -- /usr/include/features.h:293

GNU_LIBRARY : constant := 6; -- /usr/include/features.h:302

GLIBC : constant := 2; -- /usr/include/features.h:306

GLIBC_MINOR : constant := 4; -- /usr/include/features.h:307

end features;

nabbasi@my-desktop:~/c2ada_OK/bindings$

nabbasi@my-desktop:~/c2ada_OK/bindings$ cat gconv.ads

with C;

package gconv is

GCONV_H : constant := 1; -- /usr/include/gconv.h:24

need_mbstate_t : constant Boolean := True;

-- /usr/include/gconv.h:27

need_size_t : constant Boolean := True;

-- /usr/include/gconv.h:29

need_wchar_t : constant Boolean := True;

-- /usr/include/gconv.h:30

type enum_anonymous0_t is ( -- /usr/include/gconv.h:51

GCONV_OK, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:39

GCONV_NOCONV, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:40

GCONV_NODB, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:41

GCONV_NOMEM, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:42

GCONV_EMPTY_INPUT, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:44

GCONV_FULL_OUTPUT, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:45

GCONV_ILLEGAL_INPUT, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:46

GCONV_INCOMPLETE_INPUT, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:47

GCONV_ILLEGAL_DESCRIPTOR, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:49

GCONV_INTERNAL_ERROR -- /usr/include/gconv.h:51

);

for enum_anonymous0_t'Size use C.int'Size; -- /usr/include/gconv.h:51

type enum_anonymous1_t is ( -- /usr/include/gconv.h:59

GCONV_IS_LAST, -- /usr/include/gconv.h:57

GCONV_IGNORE_ERRORS -- /usr/include/gconv.h:59

);

for enum_anonymous1_t use (

GCONV_IS_LAST => 1,

GCONV_IGNORE_ERRORS => 2

);

for enum_anonymous1_t'Size use C.int'Size; -- /usr/include/gconv.h:59

type struct_gconv_step; -- /usr/include/gconv.h:63

type struct_gconv_step_data; -- /usr/include/gconv.h:64

type struct_gconv_loaded_object; -- /usr/include/gconv.h:65

type struct_gconv_trans_data; -- /usr/include/gconv.h:66

end gconv;

nabbasi@my-desktop:~/c2ada_OK/bindings$