Integrand size = 10, antiderivative size = 144 \[ \int \frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{x^4} \, dx=\frac {b \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{6 \left (1-a^2\right ) x^2}+\frac {a b^2 \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{2 \left (1-a^2\right )^2 x}-\frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{3 x^3}+\frac {\left (1+2 a^2\right ) b^3 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {1-a (a+b x)}{\sqrt {1-a^2} \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}\right )}{6 \left (1-a^2\right )^{5/2}} \]
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Time = 0.12 (sec) , antiderivative size = 144, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.600, Rules used = {4890, 4828, 759, 821, 739, 212} \[ \int \frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{x^4} \, dx=\frac {\left (2 a^2+1\right ) b^3 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {1-a (a+b x)}{\sqrt {1-a^2} \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}\right )}{6 \left (1-a^2\right )^{5/2}}+\frac {a b^2 \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{2 \left (1-a^2\right )^2 x}+\frac {b \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{6 \left (1-a^2\right ) x^2}-\frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{3 x^3} \]
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Rule 212
Rule 739
Rule 759
Rule 821
Rule 4828
Rule 4890
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\arccos (x)}{\left (-\frac {a}{b}+\frac {x}{b}\right )^4} \, dx,x,a+b x\right )}{b} \\ & = -\frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{3 x^3}-\frac {1}{3} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-\frac {a}{b}+\frac {x}{b}\right )^3 \sqrt {1-x^2}} \, dx,x,a+b x\right ) \\ & = \frac {b \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{6 \left (1-a^2\right ) x^2}-\frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{3 x^3}-\frac {b^2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\frac {2 a}{b}+\frac {x}{b}}{\left (-\frac {a}{b}+\frac {x}{b}\right )^2 \sqrt {1-x^2}} \, dx,x,a+b x\right )}{6 \left (1-a^2\right )} \\ & = \frac {b \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{6 \left (1-a^2\right ) x^2}+\frac {a b^2 \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{2 \left (1-a^2\right )^2 x}-\frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{3 x^3}-\frac {\left (\left (1+2 a^2\right ) b^2\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-\frac {a}{b}+\frac {x}{b}\right ) \sqrt {1-x^2}} \, dx,x,a+b x\right )}{6 \left (1-a^2\right )^2} \\ & = \frac {b \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{6 \left (1-a^2\right ) x^2}+\frac {a b^2 \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{2 \left (1-a^2\right )^2 x}-\frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{3 x^3}+\frac {\left (\left (1+2 a^2\right ) b^2\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {1}{b^2}-\frac {a^2}{b^2}-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\frac {1}{b}-\frac {a (a+b x)}{b}}{\sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}\right )}{6 \left (1-a^2\right )^2} \\ & = \frac {b \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{6 \left (1-a^2\right ) x^2}+\frac {a b^2 \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}{2 \left (1-a^2\right )^2 x}-\frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{3 x^3}+\frac {\left (1+2 a^2\right ) b^3 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {1-a (a+b x)}{\sqrt {1-a^2} \sqrt {1-(a+b x)^2}}\right )}{6 \left (1-a^2\right )^{5/2}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.20 (sec) , antiderivative size = 168, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.17 \[ \int \frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{x^4} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {1-a^2} b x \left (1-a^2+3 a b x\right ) \sqrt {1-a^2-2 a b x-b^2 x^2}-2 \left (1-a^2\right )^{5/2} \arccos (a+b x)-\left (1+2 a^2\right ) b^3 x^3 \log (x)+\left (1+2 a^2\right ) b^3 x^3 \log \left (1-a^2-a b x+\sqrt {1-a^2} \sqrt {1-a^2-2 a b x-b^2 x^2}\right )}{6 \left (1-a^2\right )^{5/2} x^3} \]
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Time = 0.83 (sec) , antiderivative size = 230, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.60
method | result | size |
parts | \(-\frac {\arccos \left (b x +a \right )}{3 x^{3}}-\frac {b \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{2 \left (-a^{2}+1\right ) x^{2}}+\frac {3 a b \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{\left (-a^{2}+1\right ) x}-\frac {a b \ln \left (\frac {-2 a^{2}+2-2 a b x +2 \sqrt {-a^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{x}\right )}{\left (-a^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\right )}{2 \left (-a^{2}+1\right )}-\frac {b^{2} \ln \left (\frac {-2 a^{2}+2-2 a b x +2 \sqrt {-a^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{x}\right )}{2 \left (-a^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\right )}{3}\) | \(230\) |
derivativedivides | \(b^{3} \left (-\frac {\arccos \left (b x +a \right )}{3 b^{3} x^{3}}+\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{6 \left (-a^{2}+1\right ) b^{2} x^{2}}-\frac {a \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{\left (-a^{2}+1\right ) b x}-\frac {a \ln \left (\frac {-2 a^{2}+2-2 a b x +2 \sqrt {-a^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{b x}\right )}{\left (-a^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\right )}{2 \left (-a^{2}+1\right )}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {-2 a^{2}+2-2 a b x +2 \sqrt {-a^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{b x}\right )}{6 \left (-a^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\right )\) | \(240\) |
default | \(b^{3} \left (-\frac {\arccos \left (b x +a \right )}{3 b^{3} x^{3}}+\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{6 \left (-a^{2}+1\right ) b^{2} x^{2}}-\frac {a \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{\left (-a^{2}+1\right ) b x}-\frac {a \ln \left (\frac {-2 a^{2}+2-2 a b x +2 \sqrt {-a^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{b x}\right )}{\left (-a^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\right )}{2 \left (-a^{2}+1\right )}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {-2 a^{2}+2-2 a b x +2 \sqrt {-a^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2}-2 a b x -a^{2}+1}}{b x}\right )}{6 \left (-a^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\right )\) | \(240\) |
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 284 vs. \(2 (122) = 244\).
Time = 0.32 (sec) , antiderivative size = 580, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.03 \[ \int \frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{x^4} \, dx=\left [-\frac {{\left (2 \, a^{2} + 1\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + 1} b^{3} x^{3} \log \left (\frac {{\left (2 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} b^{2} x^{2} + 2 \, a^{4} + 4 \, {\left (a^{3} - a\right )} b x - 2 \, \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left (a b x + a^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + 1} - 4 \, a^{2} + 2}{x^{2}}\right ) + 4 \, {\left (a^{6} - 3 \, a^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} x^{3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left (b x + a\right )}}{b^{2} x^{2} + 2 \, a b x + a^{2} - 1}\right ) + 4 \, {\left (a^{6} - 3 \, a^{4} - {\left (a^{6} - 3 \, a^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} x^{3} + 3 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} \arccos \left (b x + a\right ) - 2 \, {\left (3 \, {\left (a^{3} - a\right )} b^{2} x^{2} - {\left (a^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} + 1\right )} b x\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1}}{12 \, {\left (a^{6} - 3 \, a^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} x^{3}}, -\frac {{\left (2 \, a^{2} + 1\right )} \sqrt {a^{2} - 1} b^{3} x^{3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left (a b x + a^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {a^{2} - 1}}{{\left (a^{2} - 1\right )} b^{2} x^{2} + a^{4} + 2 \, {\left (a^{3} - a\right )} b x - 2 \, a^{2} + 1}\right ) + 2 \, {\left (a^{6} - 3 \, a^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} x^{3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left (b x + a\right )}}{b^{2} x^{2} + 2 \, a b x + a^{2} - 1}\right ) + 2 \, {\left (a^{6} - 3 \, a^{4} - {\left (a^{6} - 3 \, a^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} x^{3} + 3 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} \arccos \left (b x + a\right ) - {\left (3 \, {\left (a^{3} - a\right )} b^{2} x^{2} - {\left (a^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} + 1\right )} b x\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1}}{6 \, {\left (a^{6} - 3 \, a^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} - 1\right )} x^{3}}\right ] \]
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\[ \int \frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{x^4} \, dx=\int \frac {\operatorname {acos}{\left (a + b x \right )}}{x^{4}}\, dx \]
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Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{x^4} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 557 vs. \(2 (122) = 244\).
Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 557, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.87 \[ \int \frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {1}{3} \, b {\left (\frac {{\left (2 \, a^{2} b^{3} + b^{3}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\frac {{\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )} a}{b^{2} x + a b} - 1}{\sqrt {a^{2} - 1}}\right )}{{\left (a^{4} {\left | b \right |} - 2 \, a^{2} {\left | b \right |} + {\left | b \right |}\right )} \sqrt {a^{2} - 1}} - \frac {\frac {4 \, {\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )}^{2} a^{4} b^{3}}{{\left (b^{2} x + a b\right )}^{2}} + 4 \, a^{4} b^{3} - \frac {11 \, {\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )} a^{3} b^{3}}{b^{2} x + a b} - \frac {5 \, {\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )}^{3} a^{3} b^{3}}{{\left (b^{2} x + a b\right )}^{3}} + \frac {7 \, {\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )}^{2} a^{2} b^{3}}{{\left (b^{2} x + a b\right )}^{2}} - a^{2} b^{3} + \frac {2 \, {\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )} a b^{3}}{b^{2} x + a b} + \frac {2 \, {\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )}^{3} a b^{3}}{{\left (b^{2} x + a b\right )}^{3}} - \frac {2 \, {\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )}^{2} b^{3}}{{\left (b^{2} x + a b\right )}^{2}}}{{\left (a^{6} {\left | b \right |} - 2 \, a^{4} {\left | b \right |} + a^{2} {\left | b \right |}\right )} {\left (\frac {{\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )}^{2} a}{{\left (b^{2} x + a b\right )}^{2}} + a - \frac {2 \, {\left (\sqrt {-b^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b x - a^{2} + 1} {\left | b \right |} + b\right )}}{b^{2} x + a b}\right )}^{2}}\right )} - \frac {\arccos \left (b x + a\right )}{3 \, x^{3}} \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\arccos (a+b x)}{x^4} \, dx=\int \frac {\mathrm {acos}\left (a+b\,x\right )}{x^4} \,d x \]
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