3.5.97 \(\int (-e^{-x}+e^x)^2 \, dx\) [497]

3.5.97.1 Optimal result

Integrand size = 13, antiderivative size = 22 \[ \int \left (-e^{-x}+e^x\right )^2 \, dx=-\frac {1}{2} e^{-2 x}+\frac {e^{2 x}}{2}-2 x \]

output

-1/2/exp(2*x)+1/2*exp(2*x)-2*x
 

3.5.97.2 Mathematica [A] (verified)

Time = 0.01 (sec) , antiderivative size = 22, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00 \[ \int \left (-e^{-x}+e^x\right )^2 \, dx=-\frac {1}{2} e^{-2 x}+\frac {e^{2 x}}{2}-2 x \]

input

Integrate[(-E^(-x) + E^x)^2,x]
 

output

-1/2*1/E^(2*x) + E^(2*x)/2 - 2*x
 

3.5.97.3 Rubi [A] (warning: unable to verify)

Time = 0.17 (sec) , antiderivative size = 25, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.14, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.308, Rules used = {2720, 243, 49, 2009}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \left (e^x-e^{-x}\right )^2 \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 2720

\(\displaystyle \int e^{-3 x} \left (1-e^{2 x}\right )^2de^x\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 243

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{2} \int e^{-2 x} \left (1-e^{2 x}\right )^2de^{2 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 49

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{2} \int \left (1+e^{-2 x}-2 e^{-x}\right )de^{2 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 2009

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{2} \left (-e^{-x}+e^{2 x}-2 \log \left (e^{2 x}\right )\right )\)

input

Int[(-E^(-x) + E^x)^2,x]
 

output

(-E^(-x) + E^(2*x) - 2*Log[E^(2*x)])/2
 

3.5.97.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 49

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_.), x_Symbol] :> Int 
[ExpandIntegrand[(a + b*x)^m*(c + d*x)^n, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] 
&& IGtQ[m, 0] && IGtQ[m + n + 2, 0]
 

rule 243

Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[1/2   Subst[In 
t[x^((m - 1)/2)*(a + b*x)^p, x], x, x^2], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, m, p}, x] && I 
ntegerQ[(m - 1)/2]
 

rule 2009

Int[u_, x_Symbol] :> Simp[IntSum[u, x], x] /; SumQ[u]
 

rule 2720

Int[u_, x_Symbol] :> With[{v = FunctionOfExponential[u, x]}, Simp[v/D[v, x] 
   Subst[Int[FunctionOfExponentialFunction[u, x]/x, x], x, v], x]] /; Funct 
ionOfExponentialQ[u, x] &&  !MatchQ[u, (w_)*((a_.)*(v_)^(n_))^(m_) /; FreeQ 
[{a, m, n}, x] && IntegerQ[m*n]] &&  !MatchQ[u, E^((c_.)*((a_.) + (b_.)*x)) 
*(F_)[v_] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && InverseFunctionQ[F[x]]]
 

3.5.97.4 Maple [A] (verified)

Time = 0.04 (sec) , antiderivative size = 17, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.77

method	result	size
risch	\(-2 x +\frac {{\mathrm e}^{2 x}}{2}-\frac {{\mathrm e}^{-2 x}}{2}\)	\(17\)
parts	\(-2 x +\frac {{\mathrm e}^{2 x}}{2}-\frac {{\mathrm e}^{-2 x}}{2}\)	\(17\)
derivativedivides	\(\frac {{\mathrm e}^{2 x}}{2}-\frac {{\mathrm e}^{-2 x}}{2}-2 \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{x}\right )\)	\(19\)
default	\(\frac {{\mathrm e}^{2 x}}{2}-\frac {{\mathrm e}^{-2 x}}{2}-2 \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{x}\right )\)	\(19\)
parallelrisch	\(\frac {\left (-1+{\mathrm e}^{4 x}-4 \,{\mathrm e}^{2 x} x \right ) {\mathrm e}^{-2 x}}{2}\)	\(20\)
norman	\(\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {{\mathrm e}^{4 x}}{2}-2 \,{\mathrm e}^{2 x} x \right ) {\mathrm e}^{-2 x}\)	\(21\)

input

int((-1/exp(x)+exp(x))^2,x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 

output

-2*x+1/2*exp(2*x)-1/2*exp(-2*x)
 

3.5.97.5 Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 21, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.95 \[ \int \left (-e^{-x}+e^x\right )^2 \, dx=-\frac {1}{2} \, {\left (4 \, x e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} - e^{\left (4 \, x\right )} + 1\right )} e^{\left (-2 \, x\right )} \]

input

integrate((-1/exp(x)+exp(x))^2,x, algorithm="fricas")
 

output

-1/2*(4*x*e^(2*x) - e^(4*x) + 1)*e^(-2*x)
 

3.5.97.6 Sympy [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.04 (sec) , antiderivative size = 17, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.77 \[ \int \left (-e^{-x}+e^x\right )^2 \, dx=- 2 x + \frac {e^{2 x}}{2} - \frac {e^{- 2 x}}{2} \]

input

integrate((-1/exp(x)+exp(x))**2,x)
 

output

-2*x + exp(2*x)/2 - exp(-2*x)/2
 

3.5.97.7 Maxima [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.20 (sec) , antiderivative size = 16, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.73 \[ \int \left (-e^{-x}+e^x\right )^2 \, dx=-2 \, x + \frac {1}{2} \, e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} - \frac {1}{2} \, e^{\left (-2 \, x\right )} \]

input

integrate((-1/exp(x)+exp(x))^2,x, algorithm="maxima")
 

output

-2*x + 1/2*e^(2*x) - 1/2*e^(-2*x)
 

3.5.97.8 Giac [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 24, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.09 \[ \int \left (-e^{-x}+e^x\right )^2 \, dx=\frac {1}{2} \, {\left (2 \, e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} - 1\right )} e^{\left (-2 \, x\right )} - 2 \, x + \frac {1}{2} \, e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} \]

input

integrate((-1/exp(x)+exp(x))^2,x, algorithm="giac")
 

output

1/2*(2*e^(2*x) - 1)*e^(-2*x) - 2*x + 1/2*e^(2*x)
 

3.5.97.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.05 (sec) , antiderivative size = 8, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.36 \[ \int \left (-e^{-x}+e^x\right )^2 \, dx=\mathrm {sinh}\left (2\,x\right )-2\,x \]

input

int((exp(-x) - exp(x))^2,x)
 

output

sinh(2*x) - 2*x
 

3.5.97.10 Reduce [B] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.00 (sec) , antiderivative size = 24, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.09 \[ \int \left (-e^{-x}+e^x\right )^2 \, dx=\frac {e^{4 x}-4 e^{2 x} x -1}{2 e^{2 x}} \]

input

int((e**(4*x) - 2*e**(2*x) + 1)/e**(2*x),x)
 

output

(e**(4*x) - 4*e**(2*x)*x - 1)/(2*e**(2*x))