Optimal. Leaf size=99 \[ \frac {1}{6} \sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2 \sqrt {3}-3} \sqrt {x^3-1}}{x^2+x+1}\right )-\frac {1}{6} \sqrt {2 \sqrt {3}-3} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} \sqrt {x^3-1}}{x^2+x+1}\right ) \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.62, antiderivative size = 97, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.98, number of steps used = 10, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 23, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.261, Rules used = {6728, 2135, 219, 2140, 206, 203} \begin {gather*} \frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} (1-x)}{\sqrt {x^3-1}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3 \left (3+2 \sqrt {3}\right )}}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2 \sqrt {3}-3} (1-x)}{\sqrt {x^3-1}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3 \left (2 \sqrt {3}-3\right )}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 203
Rule 206
Rule 219
Rule 2135
Rule 2140
Rule 6728
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {-1+x}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx &=\int \left (\frac {1}{\left (-2-2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}}+\frac {1}{\left (-2+2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right ) \, dx\\ &=\int \frac {1}{\left (-2-2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx+\int \frac {1}{\left (-2+2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {\int \frac {96 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right )-96 x}{\left (-2-2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx}{192 \sqrt {3}}+\frac {\int \frac {96 \left (1+\sqrt {3}\right )-96 x}{\left (-2+2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx}{192 \sqrt {3}}\\ &=-\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-\left (3-2 \sqrt {3}\right ) x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {1+\frac {2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) x}{-2+2 \sqrt {3}}}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3}}+\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-\left (3+2 \sqrt {3}\right ) x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {1+\frac {2 \left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) x}{-2-2 \sqrt {3}}}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3}}\\ &=-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-3+2 \sqrt {3}} (1-x)}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3 \left (-3+2 \sqrt {3}\right )}}+\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} (1-x)}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3 \left (3+2 \sqrt {3}\right )}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] time = 0.23, size = 220, normalized size = 2.22 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1-x}{1+\sqrt [3]{-1}}} \sqrt {x^2+x+1} \left (\left (3+(2+i) \sqrt {3}\right ) \Pi \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {3}}{-3 i+(1+2 i) \sqrt {3}};\sin ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {\left (i+\sqrt {3}\right ) x+2 i}{-3 i+\sqrt {3}}}\right )|\frac {1}{2} \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right )\right )+\left (3-(2-i) \sqrt {3}\right ) \Pi \left (\frac {2 i \sqrt {3}}{3+(2+i) \sqrt {3}};\sin ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {\left (i+\sqrt {3}\right ) x+2 i}{-3 i+\sqrt {3}}}\right )|\frac {1}{2} \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right )\right )\right )}{3 \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \sqrt {x^3-1}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [A] time = 1.28, size = 99, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{6} \sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-3+2 \sqrt {3}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}{1+x+x^2}\right )-\frac {1}{6} \sqrt {-3+2 \sqrt {3}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}{1+x+x^2}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [B] time = 1.04, size = 233, normalized size = 2.35 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {3} + 3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {x^{3} - 1} \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {3} + 3} {\left (\sqrt {3} - 2\right )}}{x^{2} + x + 1}\right ) - \frac {1}{24} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {3} - 3} \log \left (\frac {x^{4} + 2 \, x^{3} + 6 \, x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (2 \, x^{2} + \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{2} + 2 \, x\right )} + 2 \, x + 2\right )} \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {3} - 3} + 4 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )} - 4 \, x + 4}{x^{4} - 4 \, x^{3} + 8 \, x + 4}\right ) + \frac {1}{24} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {3} - 3} \log \left (\frac {x^{4} + 2 \, x^{3} + 6 \, x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (2 \, x^{2} + \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{2} + 2 \, x\right )} + 2 \, x + 2\right )} \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {3} - 3} + 4 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )} - 4 \, x + 4}{x^{4} - 4 \, x^{3} + 8 \, x + 4}\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x - 1}{\sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (x^{2} - 2 \, x - 2\right )}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [C] time = 1.02, size = 702, normalized size = 7.09
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\sqrt {-\frac {1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3-i \sqrt {3}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3+i \sqrt {3}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{3+i \sqrt {3}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (\sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, -\frac {\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{2 \sqrt {x^{3}-1}}+\frac {i \sqrt {-\frac {1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3-i \sqrt {3}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3+i \sqrt {3}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{3+i \sqrt {3}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (\sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, -\frac {\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{3}-1}}-\frac {\sqrt {-\frac {1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3-i \sqrt {3}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3+i \sqrt {3}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{3+i \sqrt {3}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (\sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \frac {\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{2 \sqrt {x^{3}-1}}-\frac {i \sqrt {-\frac {1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3-i \sqrt {3}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3+i \sqrt {3}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{3+i \sqrt {3}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (\sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \frac {\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{3}-1}}\) | \(702\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {\sqrt {-\frac {1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3-i \sqrt {3}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3+i \sqrt {3}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{3+i \sqrt {3}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (\sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, -\frac {\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{2 \sqrt {x^{3}-1}}+\frac {i \sqrt {-\frac {1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3-i \sqrt {3}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3+i \sqrt {3}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{3+i \sqrt {3}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (\sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, -\frac {\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{3}-1}}-\frac {\sqrt {-\frac {1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3-i \sqrt {3}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3+i \sqrt {3}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{3+i \sqrt {3}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (\sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \frac {\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{2 \sqrt {x^{3}-1}}-\frac {i \sqrt {-\frac {1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3-i \sqrt {3}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}+\frac {1}{3+i \sqrt {3}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{3+i \sqrt {3}}}\, \EllipticPi \left (\sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \frac {\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{3}-1}}\) | \(702\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x - 1}{\sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (x^{2} - 2 \, x - 2\right )}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [B] time = 0.23, size = 221, normalized size = 2.23 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\left (\Pi \left (\sqrt {3}\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{6}\right );\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )-\Pi \left (-\sqrt {3}\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{6}\right );\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )\right )\,\sqrt {-\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\left (\sqrt {3}+1{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{2\,\sqrt {x^3+\left (-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )-1\right )\,x+\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x - 1}{\sqrt {\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x^{2} + x + 1\right )} \left (x^{2} - 2 x - 2\right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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