Optimal. Leaf size=101 \[ \frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{3/4} x \sqrt [4]{x^6+x^2}}{\sqrt {2} x^2-\sqrt {x^6+x^2}}\right )}{2^{3/4}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{2}}+\frac {\sqrt {x^6+x^2}}{2^{3/4}}}{x \sqrt [4]{x^6+x^2}}\right )}{2^{3/4}} \]
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Rubi [C] time = 0.64, antiderivative size = 127, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.26, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 24, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.292, Rules used = {2056, 6715, 6725, 245, 1438, 429, 510} \begin {gather*} -\frac {4 \sqrt [4]{x^4+1} x F_1\left (\frac {1}{8};1,\frac {1}{4};\frac {9}{8};x^4,-x^4\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^6+x^2}}+\frac {4 \sqrt [4]{x^4+1} x^3 F_1\left (\frac {5}{8};1,\frac {1}{4};\frac {13}{8};x^4,-x^4\right )}{5 \sqrt [4]{x^6+x^2}}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{x^4+1} x \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{8},\frac {1}{4};\frac {9}{8};-x^4\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^6+x^2}} \end {gather*}
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
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Rule 245
Rule 429
Rule 510
Rule 1438
Rule 2056
Rule 6715
Rule 6725
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {-1+x^2}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}} \, dx &=\frac {\left (\sqrt {x} \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}\right ) \int \frac {-1+x^2}{\sqrt {x} \left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}\\ &=\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x} \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-1+x^4}{\left (1+x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{1+x^8}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}\\ &=\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x} \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{1+x^8}}-\frac {2}{\left (1+x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{1+x^8}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}\\ &=\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x} \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{1+x^8}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt {x} \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{1+x^8}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}\\ &=\frac {2 x \sqrt [4]{1+x^4} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{8},\frac {1}{4};\frac {9}{8};-x^4\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt {x} \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {1}{\left (1-x^8\right ) \sqrt [4]{1+x^8}}+\frac {x^4}{\left (-1+x^8\right ) \sqrt [4]{1+x^8}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}\\ &=\frac {2 x \sqrt [4]{1+x^4} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{8},\frac {1}{4};\frac {9}{8};-x^4\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt {x} \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (1-x^8\right ) \sqrt [4]{1+x^8}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt {x} \sqrt [4]{1+x^4}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^4}{\left (-1+x^8\right ) \sqrt [4]{1+x^8}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}\\ &=-\frac {4 x \sqrt [4]{1+x^4} F_1\left (\frac {1}{8};1,\frac {1}{4};\frac {9}{8};x^4,-x^4\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}+\frac {4 x^3 \sqrt [4]{1+x^4} F_1\left (\frac {5}{8};1,\frac {1}{4};\frac {13}{8};x^4,-x^4\right )}{5 \sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}+\frac {2 x \sqrt [4]{1+x^4} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{8},\frac {1}{4};\frac {9}{8};-x^4\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [F] time = 0.42, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {-1+x^2}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}} \, dx \end {gather*}
Verification is not applicable to the result.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [A] time = 0.48, size = 101, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{3/4} x \sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}{\sqrt {2} x^2-\sqrt {x^2+x^6}}\right )}{2^{3/4}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{2}}+\frac {\sqrt {x^2+x^6}}{2^{3/4}}}{x \sqrt [4]{x^2+x^6}}\right )}{2^{3/4}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [B] time = 24.31, size = 526, normalized size = 5.21 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{2} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} \arctan \left (-\frac {4 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} - \sqrt {2} {\left (2 \cdot 2^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} - \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} + x\right )} - 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} + x^{2}} x + 2 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} + 4 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^{6} + x^{2}} x + 2 \cdot 2^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} + x}{x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} + x}} + 2 \cdot 2^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}}}{2 \, {\left (x^{5} - 2 \, x^{3} + x\right )}}\right ) + \frac {1}{2} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} \arctan \left (-\frac {4 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} - \sqrt {2} {\left (2 \cdot 2^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} + \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} + x\right )} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} + x^{2}} x + 2 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} - 4 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^{6} + x^{2}} x - 2 \cdot 2^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} + x}{x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} + x}} + 2 \cdot 2^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}}}{2 \, {\left (x^{5} - 2 \, x^{3} + x\right )}}\right ) - \frac {1}{8} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} + 4 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^{6} + x^{2}} x + 2 \cdot 2^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} + x\right )}}{x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} + x}\right ) + \frac {1}{8} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} - 4 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^{6} + x^{2}} x - 2 \cdot 2^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} + x\right )}}{x^{5} + 2 \, x^{3} + x}\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^{2} - 1}{{\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [F] time = 0.02, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[\int \frac {x^{2}-1}{\left (x^{2}+1\right ) \left (x^{6}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}\, dx\]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^{2} - 1}{{\left (x^{6} + x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [F] time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^2-1}{{\left (x^6+x^2\right )}^{1/4}\,\left (x^2+1\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right )}{\sqrt [4]{x^{2} \left (x^{4} + 1\right )} \left (x^{2} + 1\right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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