Optimal. Leaf size=119 \[ \frac {2 \sqrt [4]{x^6-x^4-2}}{x}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{x^6-x^4-2}}{\sqrt {x^6-x^4-2}-x^2}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{x^6-x^4-2}}{x^2+\sqrt {x^6-x^4-2}}\right )}{\sqrt {2}} \]
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Rubi [F] time = 1.75, antiderivative size = 0, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.00, number of steps used = 0, number of rules used = 0, integrand size = 0, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.000, Rules used = {} \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (4+x^6\right ) \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2 \left (-2+x^6\right )} \, dx \end {gather*}
Verification is not applicable to the result.
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\begin {align*} \int \frac {\left (4+x^6\right ) \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2 \left (-2+x^6\right )} \, dx &=\int \left (-\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2}+\frac {3 x^4 \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{-2+x^6}\right ) \, dx\\ &=-\left (2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2} \, dx\right )+3 \int \frac {x^4 \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{-2+x^6} \, dx\\ &=-\left (2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2} \, dx\right )+3 \int \left (\frac {x \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{2 \left (-\sqrt {2}+x^3\right )}+\frac {x \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{2 \left (\sqrt {2}+x^3\right )}\right ) \, dx\\ &=\frac {3}{2} \int \frac {x \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{-\sqrt {2}+x^3} \, dx+\frac {3}{2} \int \frac {x \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{\sqrt {2}+x^3} \, dx-2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2} \, dx\\ &=\frac {3}{2} \int \left (-\frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{3 \sqrt [6]{2} \left (\sqrt [6]{2}-x\right )}-\frac {(-1)^{2/3} \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{3 \sqrt [6]{2} \left (\sqrt [6]{2}+\sqrt [3]{-1} x\right )}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{-1} \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{3 \sqrt [6]{2} \left (\sqrt [6]{2}-(-1)^{2/3} x\right )}\right ) \, dx+\frac {3}{2} \int \left (-\frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{3 \sqrt [6]{2} \left (\sqrt [6]{2}+x\right )}-\frac {(-1)^{2/3} \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{3 \sqrt [6]{2} \left (\sqrt [6]{2}-\sqrt [3]{-1} x\right )}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{-1} \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{3 \sqrt [6]{2} \left (\sqrt [6]{2}+(-1)^{2/3} x\right )}\right ) \, dx-2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2} \, dx\\ &=-\left (2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2} \, dx\right )-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{\sqrt [6]{2}-x} \, dx}{2 \sqrt [6]{2}}-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{\sqrt [6]{2}+x} \, dx}{2 \sqrt [6]{2}}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{-1} \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{\sqrt [6]{2}-(-1)^{2/3} x} \, dx}{2 \sqrt [6]{2}}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{-1} \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{\sqrt [6]{2}+(-1)^{2/3} x} \, dx}{2 \sqrt [6]{2}}-\frac {(-1)^{2/3} \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{\sqrt [6]{2}-\sqrt [3]{-1} x} \, dx}{2 \sqrt [6]{2}}-\frac {(-1)^{2/3} \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{\sqrt [6]{2}+\sqrt [3]{-1} x} \, dx}{2 \sqrt [6]{2}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [F] time = 0.30, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (4+x^6\right ) \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2 \left (-2+x^6\right )} \, dx \end {gather*}
Verification is not applicable to the result.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [A] time = 1.03, size = 119, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{-x^2+\sqrt {-2-x^4+x^6}}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-2-x^4+x^6}}{x^2+\sqrt {-2-x^4+x^6}}\right )}{\sqrt {2}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [B] time = 101.75, size = 780, normalized size = 6.55 \begin {gather*} -\frac {4 \, \sqrt {2} x \arctan \left (-\frac {x^{12} - 4 \, x^{6} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{7} - 4 \, x^{5} - 2 \, x\right )} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (3 \, x^{9} - 4 \, x^{7} - 6 \, x^{3}\right )} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 4 \, {\left (x^{8} - 2 \, x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{4} - 2} - {\left (16 \, {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{5} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{8} - 4 \, x^{6} - 2 \, x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{4} - 2} + \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{12} - 10 \, x^{10} + 8 \, x^{8} - 4 \, x^{6} + 20 \, x^{4} + 4\right )} + 4 \, {\left (x^{9} - 2 \, x^{3}\right )} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {x^{6} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{4} - 2} x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - 2}{x^{6} - 2}} + 4}{x^{12} - 16 \, x^{10} + 16 \, x^{8} - 4 \, x^{6} + 32 \, x^{4} + 4}\right ) - 4 \, \sqrt {2} x \arctan \left (-\frac {x^{12} - 4 \, x^{6} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{7} - 4 \, x^{5} - 2 \, x\right )} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (3 \, x^{9} - 4 \, x^{7} - 6 \, x^{3}\right )} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 4 \, {\left (x^{8} - 2 \, x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{4} - 2} - {\left (16 \, {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{5} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{8} - 4 \, x^{6} - 2 \, x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{4} - 2} - \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{12} - 10 \, x^{10} + 8 \, x^{8} - 4 \, x^{6} + 20 \, x^{4} + 4\right )} + 4 \, {\left (x^{9} - 2 \, x^{3}\right )} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {x^{6} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{4} - 2} x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - 2}{x^{6} - 2}} + 4}{x^{12} - 16 \, x^{10} + 16 \, x^{8} - 4 \, x^{6} + 32 \, x^{4} + 4}\right ) + \sqrt {2} x \log \left (\frac {4 \, {\left (x^{6} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{4} - 2} x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - 2\right )}}{x^{6} - 2}\right ) - \sqrt {2} x \log \left (\frac {4 \, {\left (x^{6} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{4} - 2} x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - 2\right )}}{x^{6} - 2}\right ) - 16 \, {\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{8 \, x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {{\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + 4\right )}}{{\left (x^{6} - 2\right )} x^{2}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [C] time = 14.95, size = 251, normalized size = 2.11
method | result | size |
trager | \(\frac {2 \left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}-\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \ln \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {x^{6}-x^{4}-2}\, \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{2}-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{6}-2 \left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{3}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{4}+2 \left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x +2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )}{x^{6}-2}\right )}{2}-\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{6}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{4}+2 \left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{3}+2 \sqrt {x^{6}-x^{4}-2}\, \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{2}+2 \left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x +2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3}}{x^{6}-2}\right )}{2}\) | \(251\) |
risch | \(\frac {2 \left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}+\frac {\left (\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \ln \left (\frac {-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{18}+4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{16}-5 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{14}-2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{13}+8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{12}+4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{11}-16 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{10}-2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{9}+10 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{8}-2 \sqrt {x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8}\, x^{8}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{3}+8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{7}-12 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{6}+2 \sqrt {x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8}\, x^{6}-8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{5}+16 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{4}+4 \sqrt {x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8}\, x^{2}-8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x +8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2}}{\left (x^{6}-2\right ) \left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{2}}\right )}{2}-\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{18}-4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{16}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{13}+5 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{14}-4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{11}-8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{12}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{9}+16 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{10}-8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{7}-10 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{8}-2 \sqrt {x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8}\, x^{8}+8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{5}+12 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{6}+2 \sqrt {x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8}\, x^{6}-2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{3}-16 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{4}+8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x +4 \sqrt {x^{18}-3 x^{16}+3 x^{14}-7 x^{12}+12 x^{10}-6 x^{8}+12 x^{6}-12 x^{4}-8}\, x^{2}-8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2}}{\left (x^{6}-2\right ) \left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{2}}\right )}{2}\right ) \left (\left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{\left (x^{6}-x^{4}-2\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}\) | \(1370\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {{\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 2\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (x^{6} + 4\right )}}{{\left (x^{6} - 2\right )} x^{2}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [F] time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (x^6+4\right )\,{\left (x^6-x^4-2\right )}^{1/4}}{x^2\,\left (x^6-2\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (x^{6} + 4\right ) \sqrt [4]{x^{6} - x^{4} - 2}}{x^{2} \left (x^{6} - 2\right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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