Optimal. Leaf size=119 \[ \frac {1}{2} \sqrt {\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2} x-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt {\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2}}{\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2+1}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}-\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt {\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2}}{\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2+1}\right ) \]
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Rubi [C] time = 0.48, antiderivative size = 113, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.95, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 32, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.219, Rules used = {6742, 2132, 206, 2133, 321, 216, 215} \begin {gather*} \left (\frac {1}{4}+\frac {i}{4}\right ) \sqrt {1-i x^2} x+\left (\frac {1}{4}-\frac {i}{4}\right ) \sqrt {1+i x^2} x-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}-\frac {\sin ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{-1} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{-1} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {2}} \end {gather*}
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
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Rule 206
Rule 215
Rule 216
Rule 321
Rule 2132
Rule 2133
Rule 6742
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx &=\int \left (-\frac {\sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}{\sqrt {1+x^4}}+\frac {x^2 \sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}{\sqrt {1+x^4}}\right ) \, dx\\ &=-\int \frac {\sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx+\int \frac {x^2 \sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx\\ &=\left (\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i}{2}\right ) \int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {1-i x^2}} \, dx+\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i}{2}\right ) \int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {1+i x^2}} \, dx-\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-2 x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}\right )\\ &=\left (\frac {1}{4}+\frac {i}{4}\right ) x \sqrt {1-i x^2}+\left (\frac {1}{4}-\frac {i}{4}\right ) x \sqrt {1+i x^2}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}+\left (-\frac {1}{4}-\frac {i}{4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-i x^2}} \, dx+\left (-\frac {1}{4}+\frac {i}{4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+i x^2}} \, dx\\ &=\left (\frac {1}{4}+\frac {i}{4}\right ) x \sqrt {1-i x^2}+\left (\frac {1}{4}-\frac {i}{4}\right ) x \sqrt {1+i x^2}-\frac {\sin ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{-1} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{-1} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [B] time = 1.76, size = 247, normalized size = 2.08 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {x^2 \left (\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2\right )} \left (\left (\left (\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2\right )^2+1\right )^2 \left (\log \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {x^2 \left (\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2\right )}}{\sqrt {2} x^2}\right )-\log \left (\frac {\sqrt {x^2 \left (\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2\right )}}{\sqrt {2} x^2}+1\right )\right )+4 \left (x^4+1\right ) \left (2 x^4+2 \sqrt {x^4+1} x^2+1\right ) \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^2 \left (\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2\right )}-\tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\left (\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2\right )^2-1}\right )\right )\right )}{8 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^4+1} \left (\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (x^5+\sqrt {x^4+1} x^3+x\right )} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [A] time = 0.44, size = 145, normalized size = 1.22 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{2} x \sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {-\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}+\frac {x^2}{\sqrt {2}}+\frac {\sqrt {1+x^4}}{\sqrt {2}}}{x \sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}-\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}+\frac {x^2}{\sqrt {2}}+\frac {\sqrt {1+x^4}}{\sqrt {2}}}{x \sqrt {x^2+\sqrt {1+x^4}}}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [F(-1)] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Timed out} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {x^{2} + \sqrt {x^{4} + 1}} {\left (x^{2} - 1\right )}}{\sqrt {x^{4} + 1}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [F] time = 0.02, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[\int \frac {\left (x^{2}-1\right ) \sqrt {x^{2}+\sqrt {x^{4}+1}}}{\sqrt {x^{4}+1}}\, dx\]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {x^{2} + \sqrt {x^{4} + 1}} {\left (x^{2} - 1\right )}}{\sqrt {x^{4} + 1}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [F] time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (x^2-1\right )\,\sqrt {\sqrt {x^4+1}+x^2}}{\sqrt {x^4+1}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [A] time = 4.13, size = 32, normalized size = 0.27 \begin {gather*} - \frac {{G_{3, 3}^{2, 2}\left (\begin {matrix} 1, 1 & \frac {1}{2} \\\frac {1}{4}, \frac {3}{4} & 0 \end {matrix} \middle | {x^{4}} \right )}}{4 \sqrt {\pi }} + \frac {{G_{3, 3}^{2, 2}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {3}{2}, 1 & 1 \\\frac {3}{4}, \frac {5}{4} & 0 \end {matrix} \middle | {x^{4}} \right )}}{4 \sqrt {\pi }} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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