Optimal. Leaf size=172 \[ -4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {\frac {x^2-1}{x^2}}}}+\sqrt {\sqrt {2}-1} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {\frac {x^2-1}{x^2}}}}}{\sqrt {\sqrt {2}-1}}\right )+2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {\frac {x^2-1}{x^2}}}}\right )+\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {\frac {x^2-1}{x^2}}}}}{\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}}}\right ) \]
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Rubi [A] time = 1.18, antiderivative size = 164, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.95, number of steps used = 12, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 31, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.161, Rules used = {6742, 2073, 207, 1166, 203} \begin {gather*} -4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}+\sqrt {\sqrt {2}-1} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}}{\sqrt {\sqrt {2}-1}}\right )+2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )+\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}}{\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}}}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 203
Rule 207
Rule 1166
Rule 2073
Rule 6742
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}}{x} \, dx &=-\left (\frac {1}{2} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-x}}}}{x} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x^2}\right )\right )\\ &=\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-x}} x}{1-x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}\right )\\ &=-\left (2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {1-x} \left (-1+x^2\right )}{x \left (-2+x^2\right )} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}\right )\right )\\ &=-\left (4 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^4 \left (-2+x^2\right )}{1+x^2-3 x^4+x^6} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )\right )\\ &=-\left (4 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \left (1-\frac {1+x^2-x^4}{1+x^2-3 x^4+x^6}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )\right )\\ &=-4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}+4 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1+x^2-x^4}{1+x^2-3 x^4+x^6} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )\\ &=-4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}+4 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \left (-\frac {1}{2 \left (-1+x^2\right )}+\frac {-1-x^2}{2 \left (-1-2 x^2+x^4\right )}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )\\ &=-4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}-2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1+x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )+2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-1-x^2}{-1-2 x^2+x^4} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )\\ &=-4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}+2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )+\left (-1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-\sqrt {2}+x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )+\left (-1+\sqrt {2}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1+\sqrt {2}+x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )\\ &=-4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}+\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {2}}}\right )+2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )+\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}}{\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}}}\right )\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A] time = 0.32, size = 164, normalized size = 0.95 \begin {gather*} -4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}+\sqrt {\sqrt {2}-1} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}}{\sqrt {\sqrt {2}-1}}\right )+2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}\right )+\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}}{\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}}}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [A] time = 1.21, size = 172, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} -4 \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {\frac {-1+x^2}{x^2}}}}+\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}} \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {\frac {-1+x^2}{x^2}}}}\right )+2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {\frac {-1+x^2}{x^2}}}}\right )+\sqrt {1+\sqrt {2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {2}} \sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {\frac {-1+x^2}{x^2}}}}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [B] time = 146.08, size = 1037, normalized size = 6.03
result too large to display
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [F(-2)] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [F] time = 0.07, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[\int \frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^{2}}}}}}{x}\, dx\]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {-\sqrt {-\sqrt {-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1} + 1} + 1}}{x}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [F] time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{x^2}}}}}{x} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {1 - \sqrt {1 - \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{x^{2}}}}}}{x}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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