Optimal. Leaf size=388 \[ \frac {b \sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{c+d x^2}}}{c x^3}-\frac {(8 b+a c) d^2 x \sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3}-\frac {(4 b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^2 x^3}+\frac {(8 b+a c) d \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3 x}+\frac {(8 b+a c) d^{3/2} \sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{c+d x^2}} E\left (\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {d} x}{\sqrt {c}}\right )|\frac {b}{b+a c}\right )}{3 c^{5/2} \sqrt {\frac {c \left (b+a c+a d x^2\right )}{(b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right )}}}-\frac {a (4 b+a c) d^{3/2} \sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{c+d x^2}} F\left (\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {d} x}{\sqrt {c}}\right )|\frac {b}{b+a c}\right )}{3 c^{3/2} (b+a c) \sqrt {\frac {c \left (b+a c+a d x^2\right )}{(b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right )}}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.41, antiderivative size = 388, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 9, number of rules used = 8, integrand size = 21, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.381, Rules used = {1985, 1986,
479, 597, 545, 429, 506, 422} \begin {gather*} -\frac {a d^{3/2} (a c+4 b) \sqrt {\frac {a c+a d x^2+b}{c+d x^2}} F\left (\text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {d} x}{\sqrt {c}}\right )|\frac {b}{b+a c}\right )}{3 c^{3/2} (a c+b) \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a c+a d x^2+b\right )}{(a c+b) \left (c+d x^2\right )}}}+\frac {d^{3/2} (a c+8 b) \sqrt {\frac {a c+a d x^2+b}{c+d x^2}} E\left (\text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {d} x}{\sqrt {c}}\right )|\frac {b}{b+a c}\right )}{3 c^{5/2} \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a c+a d x^2+b\right )}{(a c+b) \left (c+d x^2\right )}}}-\frac {d^2 x (a c+8 b) \sqrt {\frac {a c+a d x^2+b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3}+\frac {d (a c+8 b) \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a c+a d x^2+b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3 x}-\frac {(a c+4 b) \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a c+a d x^2+b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^2 x^3}+\frac {b \sqrt {\frac {a c+a d x^2+b}{c+d x^2}}}{c x^3} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 422
Rule 429
Rule 479
Rule 506
Rule 545
Rule 597
Rule 1985
Rule 1986
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\left (a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}\right )^{3/2}}{x^4} \, dx &=\frac {\left (\sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}\right ) \int \frac {\left (b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )^{3/2}}{x^4 \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx}{\sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}\\ &=\frac {\left (\sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}\right ) \int \frac {\left (b+a c+a d x^2\right )^{3/2}}{x^4 \left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx}{\sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}\\ &=\frac {b \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{c x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}\right ) \int \frac {-(b+a c) (4 b+a c) d-a (3 b+a c) d^2 x^2}{x^4 \sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2}} \, dx}{c d \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}\\ &=\frac {b \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{c x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {(4 b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^2 x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}\right ) \int \frac {-(b+a c)^2 (8 b+a c) d^2-a (b+a c) (4 b+a c) d^3 x^2}{x^2 \sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2}} \, dx}{3 c^2 (b+a c) d \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}\\ &=\frac {b \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{c x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {(4 b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^2 x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}+\frac {(8 b+a c) d \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3 x \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}\right ) \int \frac {a c (b+a c)^2 (4 b+a c) d^3+a (b+a c)^2 (8 b+a c) d^4 x^2}{\sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2}} \, dx}{3 c^3 (b+a c)^2 d \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}\\ &=\frac {b \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{c x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {(4 b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^2 x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}+\frac {(8 b+a c) d \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3 x \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {\left (a (4 b+a c) d^2 \sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2}} \, dx}{3 c^2 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {\left (a (8 b+a c) d^3 \sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}\right ) \int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2}} \, dx}{3 c^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}\\ &=\frac {b \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{c x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {(8 b+a c) d^2 x \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {(4 b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^2 x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}+\frac {(8 b+a c) d \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3 x \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {a (4 b+a c) d^{3/2} \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}} F\left (\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {d} x}{\sqrt {c}}\right )|\frac {b}{b+a c}\right )}{3 c^{3/2} (b+a c) \sqrt {\frac {c \left (b+a c+a d x^2\right )}{(b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right )}} \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}+\frac {\left ((8 b+a c) d^2 \sqrt {c+d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2}}{\left (c+d x^2\right )^{3/2}} \, dx}{3 c^2 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}\\ &=\frac {b \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{c x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {(8 b+a c) d^2 x \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {(4 b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^2 x^3 \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}+\frac {(8 b+a c) d \left (c+d x^2\right ) \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}}}{3 c^3 x \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}+\frac {(8 b+a c) d^{3/2} \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}} E\left (\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {d} x}{\sqrt {c}}\right )|\frac {b}{b+a c}\right )}{3 c^{5/2} \sqrt {\frac {c \left (b+a c+a d x^2\right )}{(b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right )}} \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}-\frac {a (4 b+a c) d^{3/2} \sqrt {b+a c+a d x^2} \sqrt {a+\frac {b}{c+d x^2}} F\left (\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {d} x}{\sqrt {c}}\right )|\frac {b}{b+a c}\right )}{3 c^{3/2} (b+a c) \sqrt {\frac {c \left (b+a c+a d x^2\right )}{(b+a c) \left (c+d x^2\right )}} \sqrt {b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 10.57, size = 329, normalized size = 0.85 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{c+d x^2}} \left (\sqrt {\frac {a d}{b+a c}} \left (a^2 c \left (c-d x^2\right ) \left (c+d x^2\right )^2+b^2 \left (c^2-4 c d x^2-8 d^2 x^4\right )+a b \left (2 c^3-3 c^2 d x^2-13 c d^2 x^4-8 d^3 x^6\right )\right )-i a c (8 b+a c) d^2 x^3 \sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{b+a c}} \sqrt {1+\frac {d x^2}{c}} E\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {a d}{b+a c}} x\right )|1+\frac {b}{a c}\right )+4 i a b c d^2 x^3 \sqrt {\frac {b+a c+a d x^2}{b+a c}} \sqrt {1+\frac {d x^2}{c}} F\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {a d}{b+a c}} x\right )|1+\frac {b}{a c}\right )\right )}{3 c^3 \sqrt {\frac {a d}{b+a c}} x^3 \left (b+a \left (c+d x^2\right )\right )} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(1038\) vs.
\(2(424)=848\).
time = 0.07, size = 1039, normalized size = 2.68 Too large to display
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (\frac {a c + a d x^{2} + b}{c + d x^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{x^{4}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {{\left (a+\frac {b}{d\,x^2+c}\right )}^{3/2}}{x^4} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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