Optimal. Leaf size=123 \[ -\frac {2 \left (1-x^2\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {2 x^2-x^4}{\left (1-x^2\right )^2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {-2+x^2}\right )}{3 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}+\frac {\left (1-x^2\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {2 x^2-x^4}{\left (1-x^2\right )^2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {-2+x^2}\right )}{3 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.18, antiderivative size = 123, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 8, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 29, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.207, Rules used = {6851, 2081,
585, 85, 65, 209} \begin {gather*} \frac {\left (1-x^2\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {2 x^2-x^4}{\left (1-x^2\right )^2}} \text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt {x^2-2}\right )}{3 x \sqrt {x^2-2}}-\frac {2 \left (1-x^2\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {2 x^2-x^4}{\left (1-x^2\right )^2}} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {x^2-2}}{2}\right )}{3 x \sqrt {x^2-2}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 65
Rule 85
Rule 209
Rule 585
Rule 2081
Rule 6851
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\sqrt {\frac {-2 x^2+x^4}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}}}{2+x^2} \, dx &=\frac {\left (\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 x^2+x^4}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}}\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt {-2 x^2+x^4}}{\left (-1+x^2\right ) \left (2+x^2\right )} \, dx}{\sqrt {-2 x^2+x^4}}\\ &=\frac {\left (\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 x^2+x^4}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}}\right ) \int \frac {x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}{\left (-1+x^2\right ) \left (2+x^2\right )} \, dx}{x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}\\ &=\frac {\left (\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 x^2+x^4}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {-2+x}}{(-1+x) (2+x)} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{2 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}\\ &=-\frac {\left (\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 x^2+x^4}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-2+x} (-1+x)} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{6 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}+\frac {\left (2 \left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 x^2+x^4}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-2+x} (2+x)} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{3 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}\\ &=-\frac {\left (\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 x^2+x^4}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt {-2+x^2}\right )}{3 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}+\frac {\left (4 \left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-2 x^2+x^4}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4+x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt {-2+x^2}\right )}{3 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}\\ &=-\frac {2 \left (1-x^2\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {2 x^2-x^4}{\left (1-x^2\right )^2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {-2+x^2}\right )}{3 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}+\frac {\left (1-x^2\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {2 x^2-x^4}{\left (1-x^2\right )^2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {-2+x^2}\right )}{3 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.03, size = 70, normalized size = 0.57 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {\frac {x^2 \left (-2+x^2\right )}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^2}} \left (-1+x^2\right ) \left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {-2+x^2}\right )-\tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {-2+x^2}\right )\right )}{3 x \sqrt {-2+x^2}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A]
time = 0.23, size = 75, normalized size = 0.61
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {\sqrt {\frac {x^{2} \left (x^{2}-2\right )}{\left (x^{2}-1\right )^{2}}}\, \left (x^{2}-1\right ) \left (\arctan \left (\frac {x -2}{\sqrt {x^{2}-2}}\right )-\arctan \left (\frac {x +2}{\sqrt {x^{2}-2}}\right )-4 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {x^{2}-2}}{2}\right )\right )}{6 x \sqrt {x^{2}-2}}\) | \(75\) |
trager | \(\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{7}-6 \sqrt {-\frac {-x^{4}+2 x^{2}}{x^{4}-2 x^{2}+1}}\, x^{6}-15 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{5}+22 x^{4} \sqrt {-\frac {-x^{4}+2 x^{2}}{x^{4}-2 x^{2}+1}}+24 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{3}-24 x^{2} \sqrt {-\frac {-x^{4}+2 x^{2}}{x^{4}-2 x^{2}+1}}-12 x \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right )+8 \sqrt {-\frac {-x^{4}+2 x^{2}}{x^{4}-2 x^{2}+1}}}{x \left (1+x \right ) \left (-1+x \right ) \left (x^{2}+2\right )^{2}}\right )}{6}\) | \(199\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 0.36, size = 74, normalized size = 0.60 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{3} \, \arctan \left (\frac {{\left (x^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {\frac {x^{4} - 2 \, x^{2}}{x^{4} - 2 \, x^{2} + 1}}}{x}\right ) + \frac {2}{3} \, \arctan \left (\frac {{\left (x^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {\frac {x^{4} - 2 \, x^{2}}{x^{4} - 2 \, x^{2} + 1}}}{2 \, x}\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {\frac {x^{2} \left (x^{2} - 2\right )}{x^{4} - 2 x^{2} + 1}}}{x^{2} + 2}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [A]
time = 3.27, size = 39, normalized size = 0.32 \begin {gather*} \frac {2}{3} \, \arctan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {x^{2} - 2}\right ) \mathrm {sgn}\left (x^{3} - x\right ) - \frac {1}{3} \, \arctan \left (\sqrt {x^{2} - 2}\right ) \mathrm {sgn}\left (x^{3} - x\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {-\frac {2\,x^2-x^4}{{\left (x^2-1\right )}^2}}}{x^2+2} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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