Optimal. Leaf size=91 \[ \sqrt {2} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5\right )^{3/4}}{3-4 x^3+3 x^4}\right )+\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5\right )^{3/4}}{3-4 x^3+3 x^4}\right ) \]
[Out]
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Rubi [F]
time = 5.32, antiderivative size = 0, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.00, number of steps
used = 0, number of rules used = 0, integrand size = 0, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.000, Rules used = {}
\begin {gather*} \int \frac {-3+x^4}{\left (1+x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}} \, dx \end {gather*}
Verification is not applicable to the result.
[In]
[Out]
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {-3+x^4}{\left (1+x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}} \, dx &=\frac {\left (\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {-3+x^4}{\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4} \left (1+x^4\right )} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=\frac {\left (\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}}-\frac {4}{\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4} \left (1+x^4\right )}\right ) \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=\frac {\left (\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4} \left (1+x^4\right )} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \left (\frac {i}{2 \sqrt [4]{x} \left (i-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}}+\frac {i}{2 \sqrt [4]{x} \left (i+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}}\right ) \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=-\frac {\left (2 i \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{x} \left (i-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 i \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{x} \left (i+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=-\frac {\left (2 i \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \left (-\frac {(-1)^{3/4}}{2 \left (\sqrt [4]{-1}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}}-\frac {(-1)^{3/4}}{2 \sqrt [4]{x} \left (\sqrt [4]{-1}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}}\right ) \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 i \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \left (-\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{3/4}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1}}{2 \sqrt [4]{x} \left (-(-1)^{3/4}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}}\right ) \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (\sqrt [4]{-1}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{x} \left (\sqrt [4]{-1}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left ((-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{3/4}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left ((-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{x} \left (-(-1)^{3/4}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\left (\sqrt [4]{-1}-x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\left (\sqrt [4]{-1}+x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (4 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\left (-(-1)^{3/4}-x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (4 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\left (-(-1)^{3/4}+x^4\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {1}{2 \left (\sqrt [8]{-1}-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}-\frac {1}{2 \left (\sqrt [8]{-1}+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (-\frac {1}{2 \left (-(-1)^{5/8}-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}+\frac {1}{2 \left (-(-1)^{5/8}+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (4 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (-\frac {1}{2 \left ((-1)^{3/8}-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}+\frac {1}{2 \left ((-1)^{3/8}+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (4 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {1}{2 \left (-(-1)^{7/8}-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}-\frac {1}{2 \left (-(-1)^{7/8}+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (\sqrt [8]{-1}-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{5/8}-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (\sqrt [8]{-1}+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{5/8}+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left ((-1)^{3/8}-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (2 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{7/8}-x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (2 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left ((-1)^{3/8}+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{7/8}+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (-\frac {(-1)^{15/16}}{2 \left (\sqrt [16]{-1}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}-\frac {(-1)^{15/16}}{2 \left (\sqrt [16]{-1}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {(-1)^{11/16}}{2 \left ((-1)^{5/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}+\frac {(-1)^{11/16}}{2 \left ((-1)^{5/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (-\frac {(-1)^{7/16}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{9/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}-\frac {(-1)^{7/16}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{9/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {(-1)^{3/16}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{13/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}+\frac {(-1)^{3/16}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{13/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (-\frac {(-1)^{13/16}}{2 \left ((-1)^{3/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}-\frac {(-1)^{13/16}}{2 \left ((-1)^{3/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left (2 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {(-1)^{9/16}}{2 \left ((-1)^{7/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}+\frac {(-1)^{9/16}}{2 \left ((-1)^{7/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (2 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (-\frac {(-1)^{5/16}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{11/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}-\frac {(-1)^{5/16}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{11/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (2 (-1)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {\sqrt [16]{-1}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{15/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}+\frac {\sqrt [16]{-1}}{2 \left (-(-1)^{15/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ &=\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt [16]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{11/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt [16]{-1} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{11/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left ((-1)^{3/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (\sqrt [16]{-1}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left ((-1)^{3/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (\sqrt [16]{-1}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left ((-1)^{5/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left ((-1)^{7/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left ((-1)^{5/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left ((-1)^{7/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left ((-1)^{7/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{13/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left ((-1)^{7/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{13/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left ((-1)^{9/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left ((-1)^{3/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left ((-1)^{9/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left ((-1)^{3/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left ((-1)^{11/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{9/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left ((-1)^{11/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{9/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left ((-1)^{13/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{15/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}+\frac {\left ((-1)^{13/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-(-1)^{15/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left ((-1)^{15/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left ((-1)^{5/16}-x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}-\frac {\left ((-1)^{15/16} \sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^3-3 x^4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left ((-1)^{5/16}+x\right ) \sqrt [4]{-3+4 x^{12}-3 x^{16}}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{x}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 4.45, size = 142, normalized size = 1.56 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt [4]{x} \sqrt [4]{3-4 x^3+3 x^4} \left (\text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {2 x^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{3-4 x^3+3 x^4}}{-2 x^{3/2}+\sqrt {3-4 x^3+3 x^4}}\right )+\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {2 x^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{3-4 x^3+3 x^4}}{2 x^{3/2}+\sqrt {3-4 x^3+3 x^4}}\right )\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-3 x+4 x^4-3 x^5}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
3.
time = 2.77, size = 226, normalized size = 2.48
method | result | size |
trager | \(-\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+2\right ) \ln \left (\frac {-3 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+2\right ) x^{4}-4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+2\right ) \sqrt {-3 x^{5}+4 x^{4}-3 x}\, x +8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+2\right ) x^{3}+4 \left (-3 x^{5}+4 x^{4}-3 x \right )^{\frac {3}{4}}-8 \left (-3 x^{5}+4 x^{4}-3 x \right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2}-3 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+2\right )}{x^{4}+1}\right )}{2}+\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}-2\right ) \ln \left (\frac {3 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}-2\right ) x^{4}-4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}-2\right ) \sqrt {-3 x^{5}+4 x^{4}-3 x}\, x -8 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}-2\right ) x^{3}+4 \left (-3 x^{5}+4 x^{4}-3 x \right )^{\frac {3}{4}}+8 \left (-3 x^{5}+4 x^{4}-3 x \right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2}+3 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}-2\right )}{x^{4}+1}\right )}{2}\) | \(226\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 228 vs.
\(2 (79) = 158\).
time = 38.79, size = 228, normalized size = 2.51 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (-3 \, x^{5} + 4 \, x^{4} - 3 \, x\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + \sqrt {2} {\left (-3 \, x^{5} + 4 \, x^{4} - 3 \, x\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (3 \, x^{4} - 4 \, x^{3} + 3\right )}}{4 \, {\left (3 \, x^{5} - 4 \, x^{4} + 3 \, x\right )}}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \log \left (\frac {9 \, x^{8} - 192 \, x^{7} + 256 \, x^{6} + 18 \, x^{4} - 192 \, x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (-3 \, x^{5} + 4 \, x^{4} - 3 \, x\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (3 \, x^{4} - 16 \, x^{3} + 3\right )} + 8 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (9 \, x^{6} - 16 \, x^{5} + 9 \, x^{2}\right )} {\left (-3 \, x^{5} + 4 \, x^{4} - 3 \, x\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} - 16 \, {\left (3 \, x^{5} - 8 \, x^{4} + 3 \, x\right )} \sqrt {-3 \, x^{5} + 4 \, x^{4} - 3 \, x} + 9}{x^{8} + 2 \, x^{4} + 1}\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^{4} - 3}{\sqrt [4]{- x \left (3 x^{4} - 4 x^{3} + 3\right )} \left (x^{4} + 1\right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^4-3}{\left (x^4+1\right )\,{\left (-3\,x^5+4\,x^4-3\,x\right )}^{1/4}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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