Optimal. Leaf size=109 \[ \frac {2 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4} \left (-3-7 x^4+3 x^6\right )}{21 x^7}-\sqrt {2} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}{-x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^6}}\right )-\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}{x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^6}}\right ) \]
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Rubi [F]
time = 0.79, antiderivative size = 0, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.00, number of steps
used = 0, number of rules used = 0, integrand size = 0, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.000, Rules used = {}
\begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (1-2 x^6+x^8+x^{12}\right )}{x^8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx \end {gather*}
Verification is not applicable to the result.
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Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (1-2 x^6+x^8+x^{12}\right )}{x^8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx &=\int \left (\frac {2}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {2}{x^8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {2}{x^4 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {2 \left (-3+x^4\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )}\right ) \, dx\\ &=2 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}} \, dx-2 \int \frac {1}{x^8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}} \, dx-2 \int \frac {1}{x^4 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}} \, dx-2 \int \frac {-3+x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx+\int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}} \, dx-\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}} \, dx+\int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}} \, dx\\ &=-\left (\frac {1}{3} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )\right )-\frac {2}{3} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )-2 \int \left (-\frac {3}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )}+\frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )}\right ) \, dx+\frac {\sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{1-x^6}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{1-x^6}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6}\right ) \int \frac {1}{x^8 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6}} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}\\ &=-\frac {2 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}}{3 x^3}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {7}{6},\frac {1}{4};-\frac {1}{6};x^6\right )}{7 x^7 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {1}{6},\frac {1}{4};\frac {5}{6};x^6\right )}{x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {2 x \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{6},\frac {1}{4};\frac {7}{6};x^6\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {x^5 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {5}{6};\frac {11}{6};x^6\right )}{5 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {1}{3} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )-2 \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx+6 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x^6}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}\right )}{3 x^3}\\ &=-\frac {2 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}}{3 x^3}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {7}{6},\frac {1}{4};-\frac {1}{6};x^6\right )}{7 x^7 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {1}{6},\frac {1}{4};\frac {5}{6};x^6\right )}{x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {2 x \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{6},\frac {1}{4};\frac {7}{6};x^6\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {x^5 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {5}{6};\frac {11}{6};x^6\right )}{5 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-2 \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx+6 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x^6}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}\right )}{3 x^3}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x^6}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}\right )}{3 x^3}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x^6}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1-x^2}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}\right )}{3 x^3}\\ &=-\frac {2 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}}{3 x^3}-\frac {2 x^3 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}{3 \left (1+\sqrt {-1+x^6}\right )}+\frac {2 \sqrt {\frac {x^6}{\left (1+\sqrt {-1+x^6}\right )^2}} \left (1+\sqrt {-1+x^6}\right ) E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{3 x^3}-\frac {\sqrt {\frac {x^6}{\left (1+\sqrt {-1+x^6}\right )^2}} \left (1+\sqrt {-1+x^6}\right ) F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{3 x^3}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {7}{6},\frac {1}{4};-\frac {1}{6};x^6\right )}{7 x^7 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {1}{6},\frac {1}{4};\frac {5}{6};x^6\right )}{x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {2 x \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{6},\frac {1}{4};\frac {7}{6};x^6\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {x^5 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {5}{6};\frac {11}{6};x^6\right )}{5 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-2 \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx+6 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x^6}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}\right )}{3 x^3}-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x^6}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1-x^2}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}\right )}{3 x^3}\\ &=-\frac {2 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}}{3 x^3}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {7}{6},\frac {1}{4};-\frac {1}{6};x^6\right )}{7 x^7 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {1}{6},\frac {1}{4};\frac {5}{6};x^6\right )}{x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {2 x \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{6},\frac {1}{4};\frac {7}{6};x^6\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}+\frac {x^5 \sqrt [4]{1-x^6} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {5}{6};\frac {11}{6};x^6\right )}{5 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}-2 \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx+6 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1+x^4+x^6\right )} \, dx\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 7.76, size = 109, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4} \left (-3-7 x^4+3 x^6\right )}{21 x^7}-\sqrt {2} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}{-x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^6}}\right )-\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}{x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^6}}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
3.
time = 64.53, size = 229, normalized size = 2.10
method | result | size |
trager | \(\frac {2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \left (3 x^{6}-7 x^{4}-3\right )}{21 x^{7}}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \ln \left (\frac {-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{6}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{4}+2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{3}+2 \sqrt {x^{6}-1}\, \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{2}+2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x +\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3}}{x^{6}+x^{4}-1}\right )-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {-2 \sqrt {x^{6}-1}\, \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{2}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{6}-2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{3}-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{4}+2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x -\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )}{x^{6}+x^{4}-1}\right )\) | \(229\) |
risch | \(\frac {\frac {2}{7} x^{12}-\frac {2}{3} x^{10}-\frac {4}{7} x^{6}+\frac {2}{3} x^{4}+\frac {2}{7}}{x^{7} \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {-2 \sqrt {x^{6}-1}\, \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{2}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{6}-2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{3}-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{4}+2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x -\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )}{x^{6}+x^{4}-1}\right )+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \ln \left (-\frac {-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{6}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{4}+2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{3}+2 \sqrt {x^{6}-1}\, \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{2}+2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x +\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3}}{x^{6}+x^{4}-1}\right )\) | \(240\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 734 vs.
\(2 (90) = 180\).
time = 103.85, size = 734, normalized size = 6.73 \begin {gather*} \frac {84 \, \sqrt {2} x^{7} \arctan \left (-\frac {x^{12} + 2 \, x^{10} + x^{8} - 2 \, x^{6} - 2 \, x^{4} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{7} - 3 \, x^{5} - x\right )} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (3 \, x^{9} - x^{7} - 3 \, x^{3}\right )} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 4 \, {\left (x^{8} + x^{6} - x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {x^{6} - 1} - {\left (16 \, {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{5} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{8} - 3 \, x^{6} - x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {x^{6} - 1} + \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{12} - 8 \, x^{10} - x^{8} - 2 \, x^{6} + 8 \, x^{4} + 1\right )} + 4 \, {\left (x^{9} + x^{7} - x^{3}\right )} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {x^{6} + x^{4} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - 1} x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - 1}{x^{6} + x^{4} - 1}} + 1}{x^{12} - 14 \, x^{10} + x^{8} - 2 \, x^{6} + 14 \, x^{4} + 1}\right ) - 84 \, \sqrt {2} x^{7} \arctan \left (-\frac {x^{12} + 2 \, x^{10} + x^{8} - 2 \, x^{6} - 2 \, x^{4} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{7} - 3 \, x^{5} - x\right )} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (3 \, x^{9} - x^{7} - 3 \, x^{3}\right )} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 4 \, {\left (x^{8} + x^{6} - x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {x^{6} - 1} - {\left (16 \, {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{5} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{8} - 3 \, x^{6} - x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {x^{6} - 1} - \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{12} - 8 \, x^{10} - x^{8} - 2 \, x^{6} + 8 \, x^{4} + 1\right )} + 4 \, {\left (x^{9} + x^{7} - x^{3}\right )} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {x^{6} + x^{4} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - 1} x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - 1}{x^{6} + x^{4} - 1}} + 1}{x^{12} - 14 \, x^{10} + x^{8} - 2 \, x^{6} + 14 \, x^{4} + 1}\right ) - 21 \, \sqrt {2} x^{7} \log \left (\frac {4 \, {\left (x^{6} + x^{4} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - 1} x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - 1\right )}}{x^{6} + x^{4} - 1}\right ) + 21 \, \sqrt {2} x^{7} \log \left (\frac {4 \, {\left (x^{6} + x^{4} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - 1} x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - 1\right )}}{x^{6} + x^{4} - 1}\right ) + 8 \, {\left (3 \, x^{6} - 7 \, x^{4} - 3\right )} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}}}{84 \, x^{7}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F(-1)] Timed out
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Timed out} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (x^6+2\right )\,\left (x^{12}+x^8-2\,x^6+1\right )}{x^8\,{\left (x^6-1\right )}^{1/4}\,\left (x^6+x^4-1\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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