Optimal. Leaf size=123 \[ \frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4} \left (1-x^2+9 x^4\right )}{5 x^5}+\sqrt {2} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{-x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^2+x^4}}\right )-\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^2+x^4}}\right ) \]
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Rubi [F]
time = 0.92, antiderivative size = 0, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.00, number of steps
used = 0, number of rules used = 0, integrand size = 0, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.000, Rules used = {}
\begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (-2+x^2\right ) \left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^6 \left (-1+x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx \end {gather*}
Verification is not applicable to the result.
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Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\left (-2+x^2\right ) \left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^6 \left (-1+x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx &=\int \left (-\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^6}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^4}-\frac {4 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^2}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{1+x^2}+\frac {4 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{-1+2 x^2}\right ) \, dx\\ &=-\left (2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^6} \, dx\right )+2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{1+x^2} \, dx-4 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^2} \, dx+4 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{-1+2 x^2} \, dx+\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^4} \, dx\\ &=2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{1+x^2} \, dx+4 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{-1+2 x^2} \, dx+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4} \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}} \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}}}{x^4} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}} \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}}}-\frac {\left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}} \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}}}{x^6} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}} \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}}}-\frac {\left (4 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}} \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}}}{x^2} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}} \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}}}\\ &=\frac {4 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4} F_1\left (-\frac {1}{2};-\frac {1}{4},-\frac {1}{4};\frac {1}{2};-\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}},-\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}\right )}{x \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}} \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}}}-\frac {\left (1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}\right )^{5/4} \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {3}{2},-\frac {1}{4};-\frac {1}{2};-\frac {2 \left (\frac {x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}-\frac {x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}\right )}{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{3 x^3 \sqrt [4]{1+\frac {2 x^2}{1-\sqrt {5}}}}-\frac {4 \left (1+\frac {2 x^2}{1+\sqrt {5}}\right ) \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4} \left (\left (3 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )-\left (13+3 \sqrt {5}\right ) x^2+2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right ) x^4\right ) \Gamma \left (-\frac {1}{4}\right ) \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {1}{4},1;-\frac {1}{2};-\frac {2 \sqrt {5} x^2}{2-\left (1+\sqrt {5}\right ) x^2}\right )-4 x^2 \left (5+\sqrt {5}+2 \sqrt {5} x^2\right ) \Gamma \left (\frac {3}{4}\right ) \, _2F_1\left (\frac {3}{4},2;\frac {1}{2};-\frac {2 \sqrt {5} x^2}{2-\left (1+\sqrt {5}\right ) x^2}\right )\right )}{15 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) x^5 \left (1-\sqrt {5}+2 x^2\right ) \Gamma \left (-\frac {1}{4}\right )}+2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{1+x^2} \, dx+4 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{-1+2 x^2} \, dx\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.27, size = 123, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4} \left (1-x^2+9 x^4\right )}{5 x^5}+\sqrt {2} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{-x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^2+x^4}}\right )-\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^2+x^4}}{x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^2+x^4}}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
3.
time = 4.69, size = 239, normalized size = 1.94
method | result | size |
trager | \(\frac {2 \left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \left (9 x^{4}-x^{2}+1\right )}{5 x^{5}}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {2 \left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{3}-2 \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}-1}\, \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{2}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{2}+2 \left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x -\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3}}{\left (2 x^{2}-1\right ) \left (x^{2}+1\right )}\right )-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \ln \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}-1}\, \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{2}-2 \left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{3}+2 \left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x -\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{2}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )}{\left (2 x^{2}-1\right ) \left (x^{2}+1\right )}\right )\) | \(239\) |
risch | \(\frac {\frac {18}{5} x^{8}+\frac {16}{5} x^{6}-\frac {18}{5} x^{4}+\frac {4}{5} x^{2}-\frac {2}{5}}{x^{5} \left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}+\frac {\left (\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \ln \left (\frac {-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{10}-2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{9}-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{8}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{3}-4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{7}+3 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{6}-2 \sqrt {x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1}\, x^{6}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{5}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{4}-2 \sqrt {x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1}\, x^{4}+4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3}-3 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{2}+2 \sqrt {x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1}\, x^{2}-2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x +\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2}}{\left (2 x^{2}-1\right ) \left (x^{2}+1\right ) \left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{2}}\right )-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{9}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{10}+4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{7}+\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{8}-2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{5}-3 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{6}-2 \sqrt {x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1}\, x^{6}-4 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3}-2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{3}-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{4}-2 \sqrt {x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1}\, x^{4}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \left (x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x +3 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{2}+2 \sqrt {x^{12}+3 x^{10}-5 x^{6}+3 x^{2}-1}\, x^{2}-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2}}{\left (2 x^{2}-1\right ) \left (x^{2}+1\right ) \left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{2}}\right )\right ) \left (\left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{\left (x^{4}+x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}\) | \(849\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 559 vs.
\(2 (104) = 208\).
time = 4.74, size = 559, normalized size = 4.54 \begin {gather*} \frac {20 \, \sqrt {2} x^{5} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x - {\left (2 \, x^{4} - \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 2 \, \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} - 1} x^{2} - \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + x^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {\frac {2 \, x^{4} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} - 1} x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + x^{2} - 1}{2 \, x^{4} + x^{2} - 1}}}{x^{2} - 1}\right ) + 20 \, \sqrt {2} x^{5} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + {\left (2 \, x^{4} + \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 2 \, \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} - 1} x^{2} + \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + x^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {\frac {2 \, x^{4} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} - 1} x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + x^{2} - 1}{2 \, x^{4} + x^{2} - 1}}}{x^{2} - 1}\right ) - 5 \, \sqrt {2} x^{5} \log \left (\frac {2 \, x^{4} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} - 1} x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + x^{2} - 1}{2 \, x^{4} + x^{2} - 1}\right ) + 5 \, \sqrt {2} x^{5} \log \left (\frac {2 \, x^{4} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} - 1} x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + x^{2} - 1}{2 \, x^{4} + x^{2} - 1}\right ) + 8 \, {\left (9 \, x^{4} - x^{2} + 1\right )} {\left (x^{4} + x^{2} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{20 \, x^{5}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right ) \left (x^{2} - 2\right ) \sqrt [4]{x^{4} + x^{2} - 1}}{x^{6} \left (x^{2} + 1\right ) \left (2 x^{2} - 1\right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (x^2-1\right )\,\left (x^2-2\right )\,{\left (x^4+x^2-1\right )}^{1/4}}{x^6\,\left (2\,x^4+x^2-1\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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