3.3.7 \(\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt [4]{1+x^2}} \, dx\) [207]

Optimal. Leaf size=23 \[ \text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right )-\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right ) \]

[Out]

arctan((x^2+1)^(1/4))-arctanh((x^2+1)^(1/4))

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Rubi [A]
time = 0.01, antiderivative size = 23, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 13, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.385, Rules used = {272, 65, 304, 209, 212} \begin {gather*} \text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt [4]{x^2+1}\right )-\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{x^2+1}\right ) \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[1/(x*(1 + x^2)^(1/4)),x]

[Out]

ArcTan[(1 + x^2)^(1/4)] - ArcTanh[(1 + x^2)^(1/4)]

Rule 65

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> With[{p = Denominator[m]}, Dist[p/b, Sub
st[Int[x^(p*(m + 1) - 1)*(c - a*(d/b) + d*(x^p/b))^n, x], x, (a + b*x)^(1/p)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] &
& NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && LtQ[-1, m, 0] && LeQ[-1, n, 0] && LeQ[Denominator[n], Denominator[m]] && IntLinearQ[a,
b, c, d, m, n, x]

Rule 209

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[b, 2]))*ArcTan[Rt[b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /;
FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || GtQ[b, 0])

Rule 212

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))*ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x]
/; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 272

Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Dist[1/n, Subst[Int[x^(Simplify[(m + 1)/n] - 1)*(a
+ b*x)^p, x], x, x^n], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, m, n, p}, x] && IntegerQ[Simplify[(m + 1)/n]]

Rule 304

Int[(x_)^2/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[-a/b, 2]], s = Denominator[Rt[-a/b, 2]]}
, Dist[s/(2*b), Int[1/(r + s*x^2), x], x] - Dist[s/(2*b), Int[1/(r - s*x^2), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] &&  !
GtQ[a/b, 0]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{x \sqrt [4]{1+x^2}} \, dx &=\frac {1}{2} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt [4]{1+x}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )\\ &=2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{-1+x^4} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right )\\ &=-\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right )+\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right )\\ &=\tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right )-\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right )\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.02, size = 23, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right )-\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{1+x^2}\right ) \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[1/(x*(1 + x^2)^(1/4)),x]

[Out]

ArcTan[(1 + x^2)^(1/4)] - ArcTanh[(1 + x^2)^(1/4)]

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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 3.
time = 1.20, size = 59, normalized size = 2.57

method	result	size
meijerg	\(\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \Gamma \left (\frac {3}{4}\right ) \left (-\frac {\pi \sqrt {2}\, x^{2} \hypergeom \left (\left [1, 1, \frac {5}{4}\right ], \left [2, 2\right ], -x^{2}\right )}{4 \Gamma \left (\frac {3}{4}\right )}+\frac {\left (-3 \ln \left (2\right )-\frac {\pi }{2}+2 \ln \left (x \right )\right ) \pi \sqrt {2}}{\Gamma \left (\frac {3}{4}\right )}\right )}{4 \pi }\)	\(59\)
trager	\(\frac {\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {2 \left (x^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}+2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) \sqrt {x^{2}+1}-\RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{2}-2 \left (x^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}-2 \RootOf \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right )}{x^{2}}\right )}{2}+\frac {\ln \left (-\frac {2 \left (x^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}-2 \sqrt {x^{2}+1}-x^{2}+2 \left (x^{2}+1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}-2}{x^{2}}\right )}{2}\)	\(111\)

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/x/(x^2+1)^(1/4),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

1/4/Pi*2^(1/2)*GAMMA(3/4)*(-1/4*Pi*2^(1/2)/GAMMA(3/4)*x^2*hypergeom([1,1,5/4],[2,2],-x^2)+(-3*ln(2)-1/2*Pi+2*l
n(x))*Pi*2^(1/2)/GAMMA(3/4))

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Maxima [A]
time = 0.47, size = 33, normalized size = 1.43 \begin {gather*} \arctan \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 1\right ) + \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} - 1\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/x/(x^2+1)^(1/4),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

arctan((x^2 + 1)^(1/4)) - 1/2*log((x^2 + 1)^(1/4) + 1) + 1/2*log((x^2 + 1)^(1/4) - 1)

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Fricas [A]
time = 0.35, size = 33, normalized size = 1.43 \begin {gather*} \arctan \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 1\right ) + \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} - 1\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/x/(x^2+1)^(1/4),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

arctan((x^2 + 1)^(1/4)) - 1/2*log((x^2 + 1)^(1/4) + 1) + 1/2*log((x^2 + 1)^(1/4) - 1)

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Sympy [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 0.42, size = 32, normalized size = 1.39 \begin {gather*} - \frac {\Gamma \left (\frac {1}{4}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{4}, \frac {1}{4} \\ \frac {5}{4} \end {matrix}\middle | {\frac {e^{i \pi }}{x^{2}}} \right )}}{2 \sqrt {x} \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{4}\right )} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/x/(x**2+1)**(1/4),x)

[Out]

-gamma(1/4)*hyper((1/4, 1/4), (5/4,), exp_polar(I*pi)/x**2)/(2*sqrt(x)*gamma(5/4))

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Giac [A]
time = 0.38, size = 33, normalized size = 1.43 \begin {gather*} \arctan \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 1\right ) + \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} - 1\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/x/(x^2+1)^(1/4),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

arctan((x^2 + 1)^(1/4)) - 1/2*log((x^2 + 1)^(1/4) + 1) + 1/2*log((x^2 + 1)^(1/4) - 1)

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Mupad [B]
time = 0.25, size = 19, normalized size = 0.83 \begin {gather*} \mathrm {atan}\left ({\left (x^2+1\right )}^{1/4}\right )-\mathrm {atanh}\left ({\left (x^2+1\right )}^{1/4}\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/(x*(x^2 + 1)^(1/4)),x)

[Out]

atan((x^2 + 1)^(1/4)) - atanh((x^2 + 1)^(1/4))

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