Optimal. Leaf size=44 \[ \frac {x}{3}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {3+2 e^x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt {3}}-\frac {1}{6} \log \left (3+3 e^x+e^{2 x}\right ) \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.03, antiderivative size = 44, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 7, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 14, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.500, Rules used = {2320, 719, 29,
648, 632, 210, 642} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {2 e^x+3}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt {3}}+\frac {x}{3}-\frac {1}{6} \log \left (3 e^x+e^{2 x}+3\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 29
Rule 210
Rule 632
Rule 642
Rule 648
Rule 719
Rule 2320
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{3+3 e^x+e^{2 x}} \, dx &=\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \left (3+3 x+x^2\right )} \, dx,x,e^x\right )\\ &=\frac {1}{3} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x} \, dx,x,e^x\right )+\frac {1}{3} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-3-x}{3+3 x+x^2} \, dx,x,e^x\right )\\ &=\frac {x}{3}-\frac {1}{6} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {3+2 x}{3+3 x+x^2} \, dx,x,e^x\right )-\frac {1}{2} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{3+3 x+x^2} \, dx,x,e^x\right )\\ &=\frac {x}{3}-\frac {1}{6} \log \left (3+3 e^x+e^{2 x}\right )+\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-3-x^2} \, dx,x,3+2 e^x\right )\\ &=\frac {x}{3}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {3+2 e^x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt {3}}-\frac {1}{6} \log \left (3+3 e^x+e^{2 x}\right )\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.04, size = 47, normalized size = 1.07 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{6} \left (-2 \sqrt {3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {3+2 e^x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )+2 \log \left (e^x\right )-\log \left (3+3 e^x+e^{2 x}\right )\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A]
time = 0.02, size = 37, normalized size = 0.84
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {\ln \left (3+3 \,{\mathrm e}^{x}+{\mathrm e}^{2 x}\right )}{6}-\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\left (3+2 \,{\mathrm e}^{x}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}+\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{x}\right )}{3}\) | \(37\) |
risch | \(\frac {x}{3}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{x}+\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}{6}+\frac {i \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{x}+\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{6}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{x}+\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right )}{6}-\frac {i \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{x}+\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{6}\) | \(65\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [A]
time = 0.49, size = 34, normalized size = 0.77 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, e^{x} + 3\right )}\right ) + \frac {1}{3} \, x - \frac {1}{6} \, \log \left (e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} + 3 \, e^{x} + 3\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 0.40, size = 34, normalized size = 0.77 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {2}{3} \, \sqrt {3} e^{x} + \sqrt {3}\right ) + \frac {1}{3} \, x - \frac {1}{6} \, \log \left (e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} + 3 \, e^{x} + 3\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [A]
time = 0.04, size = 24, normalized size = 0.55 \begin {gather*} \frac {x}{3} + \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (9 z^{2} + 3 z + 1, \left ( i \mapsto i \log {\left (- 3 i + e^{x} + 1 \right )} \right )\right )} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [A]
time = 4.30, size = 34, normalized size = 0.77 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, e^{x} + 3\right )}\right ) + \frac {1}{3} \, x - \frac {1}{6} \, \log \left (e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} + 3 \, e^{x} + 3\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [B]
time = 3.52, size = 34, normalized size = 0.77 \begin {gather*} \frac {x}{3}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm {e}}^{2\,x}+3\,{\mathrm {e}}^x+3\right )}{6}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\sqrt {3}+\frac {2\,\sqrt {3}\,{\mathrm {e}}^x}{3}\right )}{3} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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