Optimal. Leaf size=181 \[ -\frac {a^5 c \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{8 x^2}-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}-\frac {a^3 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{4 x^4}-\frac {22 a^4 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{105 x^3}+\frac {1}{8} a^7 c^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right ) \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.25, antiderivative size = 181, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 10, number of rules used = 8, integrand size = 27, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.296, Rules used = {6286, 1821,
849, 821, 272, 43, 65, 214} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}+\frac {1}{8} a^7 c^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )-\frac {a^5 c \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{8 x^2}-\frac {22 a^4 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{105 x^3}-\frac {a^3 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{4 x^4} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 43
Rule 65
Rule 214
Rule 272
Rule 821
Rule 849
Rule 1821
Rule 6286
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {e^{2 \tanh ^{-1}(a x)} \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{x^8} \, dx &=c \int \frac {(1+a x)^2 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^8} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {1}{7} \int \frac {\left (-14 a c-11 a^2 c x\right ) \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^7} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}+\frac {\int \frac {\left (66 a^2 c^2+42 a^3 c^2 x\right ) \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^6} \, dx}{42 c}\\ &=-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}-\frac {\int \frac {\left (-210 a^3 c^3-132 a^4 c^3 x\right ) \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^5} \, dx}{210 c^2}\\ &=-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}-\frac {a^3 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{4 x^4}+\frac {\int \frac {\left (528 a^4 c^4+210 a^5 c^4 x\right ) \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^4} \, dx}{840 c^3}\\ &=-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}-\frac {a^3 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{4 x^4}-\frac {22 a^4 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{105 x^3}+\frac {1}{4} \left (a^5 c\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^3} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}-\frac {a^3 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{4 x^4}-\frac {22 a^4 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{105 x^3}+\frac {1}{8} \left (a^5 c\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x}}{x^2} \, dx,x,x^2\right )\\ &=-\frac {a^5 c \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{8 x^2}-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}-\frac {a^3 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{4 x^4}-\frac {22 a^4 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{105 x^3}-\frac {1}{16} \left (a^7 c^2\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {c-a^2 c x}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )\\ &=-\frac {a^5 c \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{8 x^2}-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}-\frac {a^3 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{4 x^4}-\frac {22 a^4 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{105 x^3}+\frac {1}{8} \left (a^5 c\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {1}{a^2}-\frac {x^2}{a^2 c}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}\right )\\ &=-\frac {a^5 c \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{8 x^2}-\frac {\left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{7 x^7}-\frac {a \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^6}-\frac {11 a^2 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{35 x^5}-\frac {a^3 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{4 x^4}-\frac {22 a^4 \left (c-a^2 c x^2\right )^{3/2}}{105 x^3}+\frac {1}{8} a^7 c^{3/2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.13, size = 120, normalized size = 0.66 \begin {gather*} \frac {c \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2} \left (-120-280 a x-144 a^2 x^2+70 a^3 x^3+88 a^4 x^4+105 a^5 x^5+176 a^6 x^6\right )}{840 x^7}-\frac {1}{8} a^7 c^{3/2} \log (x)+\frac {1}{8} a^7 c^{3/2} \log \left (c+\sqrt {c} \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(859\) vs.
\(2(149)=298\).
time = 0.07, size = 860, normalized size = 4.75
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {\left (176 a^{8} x^{8}+105 a^{7} x^{7}-88 x^{6} a^{6}-35 x^{5} a^{5}-232 a^{4} x^{4}-350 a^{3} x^{3}+24 a^{2} x^{2}+280 a x +120\right ) c^{2}}{840 x^{7} \sqrt {-c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}}+\frac {a^{7} c^{\frac {3}{2}} \ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )}{8}\) | \(121\) |
default | \(-\frac {16 a^{2} \left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{35 c \,x^{5}}+2 a^{6} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{c x}-4 a^{2} \left (\frac {x \left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{4}+\frac {3 c \left (\frac {x \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{2}+\frac {c \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {c \,a^{2}}\, x}{\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {c \,a^{2}}}\right )}{4}\right )\right )+2 a \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{6 c \,x^{6}}+\frac {a^{2} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{4 c \,x^{4}}-\frac {a^{2} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{2 c \,x^{2}}-\frac {3 a^{2} \left (\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{3}+c \left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}-\sqrt {c}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )\right )\right )}{2}\right )}{4}\right )}{6}\right )+2 a^{4} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{3 c \,x^{3}}-\frac {2 a^{2} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{c x}-4 a^{2} \left (\frac {x \left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{4}+\frac {3 c \left (\frac {x \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{2}+\frac {c \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {c \,a^{2}}\, x}{\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {c \,a^{2}}}\right )}{4}\right )\right )}{3}\right )+2 a^{3} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{4 c \,x^{4}}-\frac {a^{2} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{2 c \,x^{2}}-\frac {3 a^{2} \left (\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{3}+c \left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}-\sqrt {c}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )\right )\right )}{2}\right )}{4}\right )-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{7 c \,x^{7}}+2 a^{7} \left (\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{3}+c \left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}-\sqrt {c}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )\right )\right )-2 a^{7} \left (\frac {\left (-c \,a^{2} \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}-2 c a \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{3}-a c \left (-\frac {\left (-2 a^{2} c \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )-2 a c \right ) \sqrt {-c \,a^{2} \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}-2 c a \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )}}{4 a^{2} c}+\frac {c \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {c \,a^{2}}\, x}{\sqrt {-c \,a^{2} \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}-2 c a \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {c \,a^{2}}}\right )\right )+2 a^{5} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {5}{2}}}{2 c \,x^{2}}-\frac {3 a^{2} \left (\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{3}+c \left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}-\sqrt {c}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )\right )\right )}{2}\right )\) | \(860\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [A]
time = 0.49, size = 287, normalized size = 1.59 \begin {gather*} -\frac {3 \, a^{8} c^{\frac {5}{2}} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} - \sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} + \sqrt {c}}\right ) - \frac {2 \, {\left (3 \, {\left (-a^{2} c x^{2} + c\right )}^{\frac {5}{2}} a^{8} c^{3} - 8 \, {\left (-a^{2} c x^{2} + c\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} a^{8} c^{4} - 3 \, \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} a^{8} c^{5}\right )}}{{\left (a^{2} c x^{2} - c\right )}^{3} + 3 \, {\left (a^{2} c x^{2} - c\right )}^{2} c + 3 \, {\left (a^{2} c x^{2} - c\right )} c^{2} + c^{3}}}{48 \, a c} + \frac {{\left (2 \, a^{4} c^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{4} + a^{2} c^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{2} - 3 \, c^{\frac {3}{2}}\right )} \sqrt {a x + 1} \sqrt {-a x + 1} a^{2}}{15 \, x^{5}} + \frac {{\left (8 \, a^{6} c^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{6} + 4 \, a^{4} c^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} c^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{2} - 15 \, c^{\frac {3}{2}}\right )} \sqrt {a x + 1} \sqrt {-a x + 1}}{105 \, x^{7}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 0.35, size = 245, normalized size = 1.35 \begin {gather*} \left [\frac {105 \, a^{7} c^{\frac {3}{2}} x^{7} \log \left (-\frac {a^{2} c x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} \sqrt {c} - 2 \, c}{x^{2}}\right ) + 2 \, {\left (176 \, a^{6} c x^{6} + 105 \, a^{5} c x^{5} + 88 \, a^{4} c x^{4} + 70 \, a^{3} c x^{3} - 144 \, a^{2} c x^{2} - 280 \, a c x - 120 \, c\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}}{1680 \, x^{7}}, \frac {105 \, a^{7} \sqrt {-c} c x^{7} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} \sqrt {-c}}{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right ) + {\left (176 \, a^{6} c x^{6} + 105 \, a^{5} c x^{5} + 88 \, a^{4} c x^{4} + 70 \, a^{3} c x^{3} - 144 \, a^{2} c x^{2} - 280 \, a c x - 120 \, c\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}}{840 \, x^{7}}\right ] \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 17.30, size = 660, normalized size = 3.65 \begin {gather*} a^{2} c \left (\begin {cases} \frac {2 i a^{4} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a^{2} x^{2} - 1}}{15 x} + \frac {i a^{2} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a^{2} x^{2} - 1}}{15 x^{3}} - \frac {i \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a^{2} x^{2} - 1}}{5 x^{5}} & \text {for}\: \left |{a^{2} x^{2}}\right | > 1 \\\frac {2 a^{4} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {- a^{2} x^{2} + 1}}{15 x} + \frac {a^{2} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {- a^{2} x^{2} + 1}}{15 x^{3}} - \frac {\sqrt {c} \sqrt {- a^{2} x^{2} + 1}}{5 x^{5}} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}\right ) + 2 a c \left (\begin {cases} \frac {a^{6} \sqrt {c} \operatorname {acosh}{\left (\frac {1}{a x} \right )}}{16} - \frac {a^{5} \sqrt {c}}{16 x \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}} + \frac {a^{3} \sqrt {c}}{48 x^{3} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}} + \frac {5 a \sqrt {c}}{24 x^{5} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}} - \frac {\sqrt {c}}{6 a x^{7} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}} & \text {for}\: \frac {1}{\left |{a^{2} x^{2}}\right |} > 1 \\- \frac {i a^{6} \sqrt {c} \operatorname {asin}{\left (\frac {1}{a x} \right )}}{16} + \frac {i a^{5} \sqrt {c}}{16 x \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}} - \frac {i a^{3} \sqrt {c}}{48 x^{3} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}} - \frac {5 i a \sqrt {c}}{24 x^{5} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}} + \frac {i \sqrt {c}}{6 a x^{7} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}\right ) + c \left (\begin {cases} \frac {8 a^{7} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{105} + \frac {4 a^{5} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{105 x^{2}} + \frac {a^{3} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{35 x^{4}} - \frac {a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{7 x^{6}} & \text {for}\: \frac {1}{\left |{a^{2} x^{2}}\right |} > 1 \\\frac {8 i a^{7} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{105} + \frac {4 i a^{5} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{105 x^{2}} + \frac {i a^{3} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{35 x^{4}} - \frac {i a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{7 x^{6}} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 529 vs.
\(2 (149) = 298\).
time = 0.44, size = 529, normalized size = 2.92 \begin {gather*} -\frac {a^{7} c^{2} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right )}{4 \, \sqrt {-c}} + \frac {105 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{13} a^{7} c^{2} - 700 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{11} a^{7} c^{3} + 1680 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{10} a^{6} \sqrt {-c} c^{3} {\left | a \right |} - 3395 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{9} a^{7} c^{4} - 7280 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{8} a^{6} \sqrt {-c} c^{4} {\left | a \right |} - 1120 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{6} a^{6} \sqrt {-c} c^{5} {\left | a \right |} + 3395 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{5} a^{7} c^{6} - 2016 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{4} a^{6} \sqrt {-c} c^{6} {\left | a \right |} + 700 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{3} a^{7} c^{7} + 1232 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{2} a^{6} \sqrt {-c} c^{7} {\left | a \right |} - 105 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )} a^{7} c^{8} - 176 \, a^{6} \sqrt {-c} c^{8} {\left | a \right |}}{420 \, {\left ({\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{2} - c\right )}^{7}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} -\int \frac {{\left (c-a^2\,c\,x^2\right )}^{3/2}\,{\left (a\,x+1\right )}^2}{x^8\,\left (a^2\,x^2-1\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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