Optimal. Leaf size=111 \[ -\frac {3}{2} a \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} (1+a x)}{2 x}-\frac {3 a^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} x \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}\right )}{2 \sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.27, antiderivative size = 111, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 6, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 27, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.185, Rules used = {6294, 6264, 96,
94, 214} \begin {gather*} -\frac {3}{2} a \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac {(a x+1) \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}}}{2 x}-\frac {3 a^2 x \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {a x+1}\right )}{2 \sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {a x+1}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 94
Rule 96
Rule 214
Rule 6264
Rule 6294
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {e^{2 \tanh ^{-1}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}}}{x^2} \, dx &=\frac {\left (\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac {e^{2 \tanh ^{-1}(a x)} \sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}}{x^3} \, dx}{\sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}}\\ &=\frac {\left (\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac {(1+a x)^{3/2}}{x^3 \sqrt {1-a x}} \, dx}{\sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} (1+a x)}{2 x}+\frac {\left (3 a \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt {1+a x}}{x^2 \sqrt {1-a x}} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}}\\ &=-\frac {3}{2} a \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} (1+a x)}{2 x}+\frac {\left (3 a^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}}\\ &=-\frac {3}{2} a \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} (1+a x)}{2 x}-\frac {\left (3 a^3 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{a-a x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}\right )}{2 \sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}}\\ &=-\frac {3}{2} a \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} (1+a x)}{2 x}-\frac {3 a^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} x \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}\right )}{2 \sqrt {1-a x} \sqrt {1+a x}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.05, size = 79, normalized size = 0.71 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}} \left (-\left ((1+4 a x) \sqrt {-1+a^2 x^2}\right )+3 a^2 x^2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+a^2 x^2}}\right )\right )}{2 x \sqrt {-1+a^2 x^2}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(346\) vs.
\(2(91)=182\).
time = 0.05, size = 347, normalized size = 3.13
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {\left (4 a^{3} x^{3}+a^{2} x^{2}-4 a x -1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{2 x \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}+\frac {3 a^{2} \ln \left (\frac {-2 c +2 \sqrt {-c}\, \sqrt {a^{2} c \,x^{2}-c}}{x}\right ) x \sqrt {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}\, \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{2 \sqrt {-c}\, \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}\) | \(142\) |
default | \(\frac {\sqrt {\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2} x^{2}}}\, \left (-4 \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2}}}\, \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}\, a^{3} c \,x^{3}+4 \left (\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}\, a^{3} x +3 \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2}}}\, \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}\, a^{2} c \,x^{2}+4 c^{\frac {3}{2}} \ln \left (\sqrt {c}\, x +\sqrt {\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2}}}\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}\, a \,x^{2}-4 c^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}\, \ln \left (\frac {\sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a x -1\right ) \left (a x +1\right )}{a^{2}}}+c x}{\sqrt {c}}\right ) a \,x^{2}-4 \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a x -1\right ) \left (a x +1\right )}{a^{2}}}\, a^{2} c \,x^{2}+a^{2} \left (\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}+3 \ln \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2}}}\, a^{2}-2 c}{a^{2} x}\right ) c^{2} x^{2}\right )}{2 x \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}{a^{2}}}\, \sqrt {-\frac {c}{a^{2}}}\, c}\) | \(347\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 0.42, size = 177, normalized size = 1.59 \begin {gather*} \left [\frac {3 \, a \sqrt {-c} x \log \left (-\frac {a^{2} c x^{2} - 2 \, a \sqrt {-c} x \sqrt {\frac {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}{a^{2} x^{2}}} - 2 \, c}{x^{2}}\right ) - 2 \, {\left (4 \, a x + 1\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{4 \, x}, \frac {3 \, a \sqrt {c} x \arctan \left (\frac {a \sqrt {c} x \sqrt {\frac {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right ) - {\left (4 \, a x + 1\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{2 \, x}\right ] \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} - \int \frac {\sqrt {c - \frac {c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{a x^{3} - x^{2}}\, dx - \int \frac {a x \sqrt {c - \frac {c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{a x^{3} - x^{2}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 195 vs.
\(2 (91) = 182\).
time = 0.49, size = 195, normalized size = 1.76 \begin {gather*} -{\left (3 \, \sqrt {c} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}}{\sqrt {c}}\right ) \mathrm {sgn}\left (x\right ) - \frac {{\left (\sqrt {a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )}^{3} a c \mathrm {sgn}\left (x\right ) - 4 \, {\left (\sqrt {a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )}^{2} c^{\frac {3}{2}} {\left | a \right |} \mathrm {sgn}\left (x\right ) - {\left (\sqrt {a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )} a c^{2} \mathrm {sgn}\left (x\right ) - 4 \, c^{\frac {5}{2}} {\left | a \right |} \mathrm {sgn}\left (x\right )}{{\left ({\left (\sqrt {a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )}^{2} + c\right )}^{2} a}\right )} {\left | a \right |} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} -\int \frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a^2\,x^2}}\,{\left (a\,x+1\right )}^2}{x^2\,\left (a^2\,x^2-1\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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