3.9.11 \(\int \frac {e^{-\coth ^{-1}(a x)}}{(c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2})^2} \, dx\) [811]

Optimal. Leaf size=179 \[ -\frac {2}{a c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {5 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {8 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \sqrt {1+\frac {1}{a x}}}+\frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \sqrt {1+\frac {1}{a x}}\right )}{a c^2} \]

[Out]

-arctanh((1-1/a/x)^(1/2)*(1+1/a/x)^(1/2))/a/c^2-2/a/c^2/(1+1/a/x)^(3/2)/(1-1/a/x)^(1/2)+x/c^2/(1+1/a/x)^(3/2)/
(1-1/a/x)^(1/2)+5/3*(1-1/a/x)^(1/2)/a/c^2/(1+1/a/x)^(3/2)+8/3*(1-1/a/x)^(1/2)/a/c^2/(1+1/a/x)^(1/2)

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Rubi [A]
time = 0.08, antiderivative size = 179, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 22, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.273, Rules used = {6329, 105, 157, 12, 94, 214} \begin {gather*} \frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (\frac {1}{a x}+1\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {8 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \sqrt {\frac {1}{a x}+1}}+\frac {5 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \left (\frac {1}{a x}+1\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {2}{a c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (\frac {1}{a x}+1\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \sqrt {\frac {1}{a x}+1}\right )}{a c^2} \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[1/(E^ArcCoth[a*x]*(c - c/(a^2*x^2))^2),x]

[Out]

-2/(a*c^2*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a*x)]*(1 + 1/(a*x))^(3/2)) + (5*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a*x)])/(3*a*c^2*(1 + 1/(a*x))^(3/2)) + (8*Sq
rt[1 - 1/(a*x)])/(3*a*c^2*Sqrt[1 + 1/(a*x)]) + x/(c^2*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a*x)]*(1 + 1/(a*x))^(3/2)) - ArcTanh[Sqrt[1
- 1/(a*x)]*Sqrt[1 + 1/(a*x)]]/(a*c^2)

Rule 12

Int[(a_)*(u_), x_Symbol] :> Dist[a, Int[u, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] &&  !MatchQ[u, (b_)*(v_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]

Rule 94

Int[1/(Sqrt[(a_.) + (b_.)*(x_)]*Sqrt[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))), x_Symbol] :> Dist[b*f, Subst[I
nt[1/(d*(b*e - a*f)^2 + b*f^2*x^2), x], x, Sqrt[a + b*x]*Sqrt[c + d*x]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] &&
EqQ[2*b*d*e - f*(b*c + a*d), 0]

Rule 105

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_.)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Simp[b*(a +
b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^(n + 1)*((e + f*x)^(p + 1)/((m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(b*e - a*f))), x] + Dist[1/((m + 1)*(b*
c - a*d)*(b*e - a*f)), Int[(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^n*(e + f*x)^p*Simp[a*d*f*(m + 1) - b*(d*e*(m + n + 2) +
c*f*(m + p + 2)) - b*d*f*(m + n + p + 3)*x, x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, n, p}, x] && ILtQ[m, -1] &
& (IntegerQ[n] || IntegersQ[2*n, 2*p] || ILtQ[m + n + p + 3, 0])

Rule 157

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))^(p_)*((g_.) + (h_.)*(x_)), x_Symb
ol] :> Simp[(b*g - a*h)*(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^(n + 1)*((e + f*x)^(p + 1)/((m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(b*e - a*f
))), x] + Dist[1/((m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(b*e - a*f)), Int[(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^n*(e + f*x)^p*Simp[(a*d*f*
g - b*(d*e + c*f)*g + b*c*e*h)*(m + 1) - (b*g - a*h)*(d*e*(n + 1) + c*f*(p + 1)) - d*f*(b*g - a*h)*(m + n + p
+ 3)*x, x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, n, p}, x] && LtQ[m, -1] && IntegersQ[2*m, 2*n, 2*p]

Rule 214

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTanh[x/Rt[-a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b},
x] && NegQ[a/b]

Rule 6329

Int[E^(ArcCoth[(a_.)*(x_)]*(n_.))*((c_) + (d_.)/(x_)^2)^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Dist[-c^p, Subst[Int[(1 - x/a)^(p
- n/2)*((1 + x/a)^(p + n/2)/x^2), x], x, 1/x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, n, p}, x] && EqQ[c + a^2*d, 0] &&  !Integ
erQ[n/2] && (IntegerQ[p] || GtQ[c, 0]) &&  !IntegersQ[2*p, p + n/2]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {e^{-\coth ^{-1}(a x)}}{\left (c-\frac {c}{a^2 x^2}\right )^2} \, dx &=-\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (1-\frac {x}{a}\right )^{3/2} \left (1+\frac {x}{a}\right )^{5/2}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )}{c^2}\\ &=\frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\frac {1}{a}-\frac {3 x}{a^2}}{x \left (1-\frac {x}{a}\right )^{3/2} \left (1+\frac {x}{a}\right )^{5/2}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )}{c^2}\\ &=-\frac {2}{a c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {a \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-\frac {1}{a^2}+\frac {4 x}{a^3}}{x \sqrt {1-\frac {x}{a}} \left (1+\frac {x}{a}\right )^{5/2}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )}{c^2}\\ &=-\frac {2}{a c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {5 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {a^2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-\frac {3}{a^3}+\frac {5 x}{a^4}}{x \sqrt {1-\frac {x}{a}} \left (1+\frac {x}{a}\right )^{3/2}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )}{3 c^2}\\ &=-\frac {2}{a c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {5 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {8 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \sqrt {1+\frac {1}{a x}}}+\frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {a^3 \text {Subst}\left (\int -\frac {3}{a^4 x \sqrt {1-\frac {x}{a}} \sqrt {1+\frac {x}{a}}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )}{3 c^2}\\ &=-\frac {2}{a c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {5 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {8 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \sqrt {1+\frac {1}{a x}}}+\frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {1-\frac {x}{a}} \sqrt {1+\frac {x}{a}}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )}{a c^2}\\ &=-\frac {2}{a c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {5 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {8 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \sqrt {1+\frac {1}{a x}}}+\frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {1}{a}-\frac {x^2}{a}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \sqrt {1+\frac {1}{a x}}\right )}{a^2 c^2}\\ &=-\frac {2}{a c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {5 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {8 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}}}{3 a c^2 \sqrt {1+\frac {1}{a x}}}+\frac {x}{c^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \left (1+\frac {1}{a x}\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a x}} \sqrt {1+\frac {1}{a x}}\right )}{a c^2}\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.08, size = 85, normalized size = 0.47 \begin {gather*} \frac {\frac {a \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}} x \left (-8-5 a x+7 a^2 x^2+3 a^3 x^3\right )}{3 (-1+a x) (1+a x)^2}-\log \left (\left (1+\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}\right ) x\right )}{a c^2} \end {gather*}

Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.

[In]

Integrate[1/(E^ArcCoth[a*x]*(c - c/(a^2*x^2))^2),x]

[Out]

((a*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x*(-8 - 5*a*x + 7*a^2*x^2 + 3*a^3*x^3))/(3*(-1 + a*x)*(1 + a*x)^2) - Log[(1 + Sqrt[1
- 1/(a^2*x^2)])*x])/(a*c^2)

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Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(529\) vs. \(2(155)=310\).
time = 0.16, size = 530, normalized size = 2.96

method	result	size
risch	\(\frac {\left (a x +1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a x -1}{a x +1}}}{a \,c^{2}}+\frac {\left (-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}+\sqrt {a^{2} x^{2}-1}\right )}{a^{4} \sqrt {a^{2}}}-\frac {\sqrt {a^{2} \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}+2 a \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )}}{4 a^{6} \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )}+\frac {19 \sqrt {a^{2} \left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}-2 a \left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right )}}{12 a^{6} \left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {a^{2} \left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}-2 a \left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right )}}{6 a^{7} \left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}}\right ) a^{4} \sqrt {\frac {a x -1}{a x +1}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}}{c^{2} \left (a x -1\right )}\)	\(213\)
default	\(-\frac {\left (-45 \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}\, \sqrt {a^{2}}\, a^{5} x^{5}+24 \ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x +\sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}\right ) a^{6} x^{5}+21 \left (\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {a^{2}}\, a^{3} x^{3}-45 \sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}\, a^{4} x^{4}+24 \ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x +\sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}\right ) a^{5} x^{4}-11 \sqrt {a^{2}}\, \left (\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} a^{2} x^{2}+90 \sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}\, a^{3} x^{3}-48 \ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x +\sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}\right ) a^{4} x^{3}-5 \sqrt {a^{2}}\, \left (\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} a x +90 \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}\, \sqrt {a^{2}}\, a^{2} x^{2}-48 \ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x +\sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}\right ) a^{3} x^{2}+19 \left (\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {a^{2}}-45 \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}\, \sqrt {a^{2}}\, a x +24 \ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x +\sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}\right ) a^{2} x -45 \sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}+24 a \ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x +\sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}\right )\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a x -1}{a x +1}}}{24 a \left (a x -1\right )^{2} \sqrt {a^{2}}\, \left (a x +1\right )^{2} c^{2} \sqrt {\left (a x +1\right ) \left (a x -1\right )}}\)	\(530\)

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2)/(c-c/a^2/x^2)^2,x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

-1/24*(-45*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2)*(a^2)^(1/2)*a^5*x^5+24*ln((a^2*x+(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2))/(a^2)
^(1/2))*a^6*x^5+21*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(3/2)*(a^2)^(1/2)*a^3*x^3-45*(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2)*a^4*x^4+
24*ln((a^2*x+(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2))/(a^2)^(1/2))*a^5*x^4-11*(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(3/2)*
a^2*x^2+90*(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2)*a^3*x^3-48*ln((a^2*x+(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2))/(a^2)
^(1/2))*a^4*x^3-5*(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(3/2)*a*x+90*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2)*(a^2)^(1/2)*a^2*x^2-48*ln
((a^2*x+(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2))/(a^2)^(1/2))*a^3*x^2+19*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(3/2)*(a^2)^(1/2)-45*((
a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2)*(a^2)^(1/2)*a*x+24*ln((a^2*x+(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2))/(a^2)^(1/2))*a^2*x-45*
(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2)+24*a*ln((a^2*x+(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2))/(a^2)^(1/2)))/a*((a*x-
1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2)/(a*x-1)^2/(a^2)^(1/2)/(a*x+1)^2/c^2/((a*x+1)*(a*x-1))^(1/2)

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Maxima [A]
time = 0.27, size = 163, normalized size = 0.91 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{12} \, a {\left (\frac {3 \, {\left (\frac {9 \, {\left (a x - 1\right )}}{a x + 1} - 1\right )}}{a^{2} c^{2} \left (\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} - a^{2} c^{2} \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}} - \frac {\left (\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} + 18 \, \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}}{a^{2} c^{2}} + \frac {12 \, \log \left (\sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}} + 1\right )}{a^{2} c^{2}} - \frac {12 \, \log \left (\sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}} - 1\right )}{a^{2} c^{2}}\right )} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2)/(c-c/a^2/x^2)^2,x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

-1/12*a*(3*(9*(a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1) - 1)/(a^2*c^2*((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(3/2) - a^2*c^2*sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)
)) - (((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(3/2) + 18*sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)))/(a^2*c^2) + 12*log(sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))
+ 1)/(a^2*c^2) - 12*log(sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)) - 1)/(a^2*c^2))

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Fricas [A]
time = 0.47, size = 119, normalized size = 0.66 \begin {gather*} -\frac {3 \, {\left (a^{2} x^{2} - 1\right )} \log \left (\sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}} + 1\right ) - 3 \, {\left (a^{2} x^{2} - 1\right )} \log \left (\sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}} - 1\right ) - {\left (3 \, a^{3} x^{3} + 7 \, a^{2} x^{2} - 5 \, a x - 8\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}}{3 \, {\left (a^{3} c^{2} x^{2} - a c^{2}\right )}} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2)/(c-c/a^2/x^2)^2,x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

-1/3*(3*(a^2*x^2 - 1)*log(sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)) + 1) - 3*(a^2*x^2 - 1)*log(sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)) - 1)
- (3*a^3*x^3 + 7*a^2*x^2 - 5*a*x - 8)*sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)))/(a^3*c^2*x^2 - a*c^2)

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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {a^{4} \int \frac {x^{4} \sqrt {\frac {a x}{a x + 1} - \frac {1}{a x + 1}}}{a^{4} x^{4} - 2 a^{2} x^{2} + 1}\, dx}{c^{2}} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))**(1/2)/(c-c/a**2/x**2)**2,x)

[Out]

a**4*Integral(x**4*sqrt(a*x/(a*x + 1) - 1/(a*x + 1))/(a**4*x**4 - 2*a**2*x**2 + 1), x)/c**2

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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2)/(c-c/a^2/x^2)^2,x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

integrate(sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))/(c - c/(a^2*x^2))^2, x)

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Mupad [B]
time = 1.30, size = 137, normalized size = 0.77 \begin {gather*} \frac {\frac {9\,\left (a\,x-1\right )}{a\,x+1}-1}{4\,a\,c^2\,\sqrt {\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}}-4\,a\,c^2\,{\left (\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}\right )}^{3/2}}+\frac {3\,\sqrt {\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}}}{2\,a\,c^2}+\frac {{\left (\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}\right )}^{3/2}}{12\,a\,c^2}+\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (\sqrt {\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}}\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )\,2{}\mathrm {i}}{a\,c^2} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(1/2)/(c - c/(a^2*x^2))^2,x)

[Out]

((9*(a*x - 1))/(a*x + 1) - 1)/(4*a*c^2*((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(1/2) - 4*a*c^2*((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(3/2)) + (3
*((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(1/2))/(2*a*c^2) + ((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(3/2)/(12*a*c^2) + (atan(((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))
^(1/2)*1i)*2i)/(a*c^2)

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