\(\int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx\) [959]

Optimal result

Integrand size = 17, antiderivative size = 73 \[ \int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx=\frac {\left (-77-44 x-32 x^2+384 x^3\right ) \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}{1536}+\frac {77 \arctan \left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}\right )}{1024}-\frac {77 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}\right )}{1024} \]

[Out]

1/1536*(384*x^3-32*x^2-44*x-77)*(x^4-x^3)^(1/4)+77/1024*arctan(x/(x^4-x^3)^(1/4))-77/1024*arctanh(x/(x^4-x^3)^
(1/4))

Rubi [B] (verified)

Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(162\) vs. \(2(73)=146\).

Time = 0.19 (sec) , antiderivative size = 162, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.22, number of steps used = 10, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.471, Rules used = {2046, 2049, 2057, 65, 246, 218, 212, 209} \[ \int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx=-\frac {77 (x-1)^{3/4} x^{9/4} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{x-1}}{\sqrt [4]{x}}\right )}{1024 \left (x^4-x^3\right )^{3/4}}-\frac {77 (x-1)^{3/4} x^{9/4} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{x-1}}{\sqrt [4]{x}}\right )}{1024 \left (x^4-x^3\right )^{3/4}}+\frac {1}{4} \sqrt [4]{x^4-x^3} x^3-\frac {11}{384} \sqrt [4]{x^4-x^3} x-\frac {77 \sqrt [4]{x^4-x^3}}{1536}-\frac {1}{48} \sqrt [4]{x^4-x^3} x^2 \]

[In]

Int[x^2*(-x^3 + x^4)^(1/4),x]

[Out]

(-77*(-x^3 + x^4)^(1/4))/1536 - (11*x*(-x^3 + x^4)^(1/4))/384 - (x^2*(-x^3 + x^4)^(1/4))/48 + (x^3*(-x^3 + x^4
)^(1/4))/4 - (77*(-1 + x)^(3/4)*x^(9/4)*ArcTan[(-1 + x)^(1/4)/x^(1/4)])/(1024*(-x^3 + x^4)^(3/4)) - (77*(-1 +
x)^(3/4)*x^(9/4)*ArcTanh[(-1 + x)^(1/4)/x^(1/4)])/(1024*(-x^3 + x^4)^(3/4))

Rule 65

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> With[{p = Denominator[m]}, Dist[p/b, Sub
st[Int[x^(p*(m + 1) - 1)*(c - a*(d/b) + d*(x^p/b))^n, x], x, (a + b*x)^(1/p)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] &
& NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && LtQ[-1, m, 0] && LeQ[-1, n, 0] && LeQ[Denominator[n], Denominator[m]] && IntLinearQ[a,
b, c, d, m, n, x]

Rule 209

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[b, 2]))*ArcTan[Rt[b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /;
FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || GtQ[b, 0])

Rule 212

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))*ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x]
/; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 218

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[-a/b, 2]], s = Denominator[Rt[-a/b, 2]]},
Dist[r/(2*a), Int[1/(r - s*x^2), x], x] + Dist[r/(2*a), Int[1/(r + s*x^2), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] &&  !Gt
Q[a/b, 0]

Rule 246

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Dist[a^(p + 1/n), Subst[Int[1/(1 - b*x^n)^(p + 1/n + 1), x], x
, x/(a + b*x^n)^(1/n)], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && LtQ[-1, p, 0] && NeQ[p, -2^(-1)] && IntegerQ[p
+ 1/n]

Rule 2046

Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_.)*(x_)^(j_.) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_.))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(c*x)^(m + 1)*((a*x^j + b
*x^n)^p/(c*(m + n*p + 1))), x] + Dist[a*(n - j)*(p/(c^j*(m + n*p + 1))), Int[(c*x)^(m + j)*(a*x^j + b*x^n)^(p
- 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, m}, x] &&  !IntegerQ[p] && LtQ[0, j, n] && (IntegersQ[j, n] || GtQ[c, 0]) && G
tQ[p, 0] && NeQ[m + n*p + 1, 0]

Rule 2049

Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_.)*(x_)^(j_.) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_.))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c^(n - 1)*(c*x)^(m - n +
1)*((a*x^j + b*x^n)^(p + 1)/(b*(m + n*p + 1))), x] - Dist[a*c^(n - j)*((m + j*p - n + j + 1)/(b*(m + n*p + 1))
), Int[(c*x)^(m - (n - j))*(a*x^j + b*x^n)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, m, p}, x] &&  !IntegerQ[p] && LtQ[0, j
, n] && (IntegersQ[j, n] || GtQ[c, 0]) && GtQ[m + j*p + 1 - n + j, 0] && NeQ[m + n*p + 1, 0]

Rule 2057

Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_.)*(x_)^(j_.) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_.))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Dist[c^IntPart[m]*(c*x)^FracPa
rt[m]*((a*x^j + b*x^n)^FracPart[p]/(x^(FracPart[m] + j*FracPart[p])*(a + b*x^(n - j))^FracPart[p])), Int[x^(m
+ j*p)*(a + b*x^(n - j))^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, j, m, n, p}, x] &&  !IntegerQ[p] && NeQ[n, j] && PosQ[n
- j]

Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {1}{16} \int \frac {x^5}{\left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {1}{48} x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}+\frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {11}{192} \int \frac {x^4}{\left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {11}{384} x \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {1}{48} x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}+\frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {77 \int \frac {x^3}{\left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx}{1536} \\ & = -\frac {77 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}{1536}-\frac {11}{384} x \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {1}{48} x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}+\frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {77 \int \frac {x^2}{\left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx}{2048} \\ & = -\frac {77 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}{1536}-\frac {11}{384} x \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {1}{48} x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}+\frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {\left (77 (-1+x)^{3/4} x^{9/4}\right ) \int \frac {1}{(-1+x)^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{x}} \, dx}{2048 \left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \\ & = -\frac {77 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}{1536}-\frac {11}{384} x \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {1}{48} x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}+\frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {\left (77 (-1+x)^{3/4} x^{9/4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{1+x^4}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [4]{-1+x}\right )}{512 \left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \\ & = -\frac {77 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}{1536}-\frac {11}{384} x \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {1}{48} x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}+\frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {\left (77 (-1+x)^{3/4} x^{9/4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-x^4} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x}}{\sqrt [4]{x}}\right )}{512 \left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \\ & = -\frac {77 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}{1536}-\frac {11}{384} x \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {1}{48} x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}+\frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {\left (77 (-1+x)^{3/4} x^{9/4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x}}{\sqrt [4]{x}}\right )}{1024 \left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}}-\frac {\left (77 (-1+x)^{3/4} x^{9/4}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x}}{\sqrt [4]{x}}\right )}{1024 \left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \\ & = -\frac {77 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}}{1536}-\frac {11}{384} x \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {1}{48} x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}+\frac {1}{4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4}-\frac {77 (-1+x)^{3/4} x^{9/4} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x}}{\sqrt [4]{x}}\right )}{1024 \left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}}-\frac {77 (-1+x)^{3/4} x^{9/4} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x}}{\sqrt [4]{x}}\right )}{1024 \left (-x^3+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [A] (verified)

Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 85, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.16 \[ \int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx=\frac {(-1+x)^{3/4} x^{9/4} \left (2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x} x^{3/4} \left (-77-44 x-32 x^2+384 x^3\right )+231 \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{\frac {-1+x}{x}}}\right )-231 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{\frac {-1+x}{x}}}\right )\right )}{3072 \left ((-1+x) x^3\right )^{3/4}} \]

[In]

Integrate[x^2*(-x^3 + x^4)^(1/4),x]

[Out]

((-1 + x)^(3/4)*x^(9/4)*(2*(-1 + x)^(1/4)*x^(3/4)*(-77 - 44*x - 32*x^2 + 384*x^3) + 231*ArcTan[((-1 + x)/x)^(-
1/4)] - 231*ArcTanh[((-1 + x)/x)^(-1/4)]))/(3072*((-1 + x)*x^3)^(3/4))

Maple [C] (warning: unable to verify)

Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.

Time = 1.43 (sec) , antiderivative size = 27, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.37

method	result	size
meijerg	\(\frac {4 \operatorname {signum}\left (x -1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{\frac {15}{4}} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [-\frac {1}{4}, \frac {15}{4}\right ], \left [\frac {19}{4}\right ], x\right )}{15 \left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}\)	\(27\)
pseudoelliptic	\(\frac {x^{12} \left (1536 \left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3}-128 x^{2} \left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}-176 x \left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}+231 \ln \left (\frac {\left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}-x}{x}\right )-462 \arctan \left (\frac {\left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}\right )-231 \ln \left (\frac {\left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}+x}{x}\right )-308 \left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}{6144 {\left (\left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}-x \right )}^{4} \left (x^{2}+\sqrt {x^{3} \left (x -1\right )}\right )^{4} {\left (\left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}+x \right )}^{4}}\)	\(155\)
trager	\(\left (\frac {1}{4} x^{3}-\frac {1}{48} x^{2}-\frac {11}{384} x -\frac {77}{1536}\right ) \left (x^{4}-x^{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}+\frac {77 \ln \left (\frac {2 \left (x^{4}-x^{3}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}-2 \sqrt {x^{4}-x^{3}}\, x +2 x^{2} \left (x^{4}-x^{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}-2 x^{3}+x^{2}}{x^{2}}\right )}{2048}+\frac {77 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {2 \sqrt {x^{4}-x^{3}}\, \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x -2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{3}+\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{2}-2 \left (x^{4}-x^{3}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}+2 x^{2} \left (x^{4}-x^{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x^{2}}\right )}{2048}\)	\(173\)
risch	\(\frac {\left (384 x^{3}-32 x^{2}-44 x -77\right ) \left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{1536}+\frac {\left (-\frac {77 \ln \left (\frac {2 \left (x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x \right )^{\frac {3}{4}}+2 \sqrt {x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x}\, x +2 \left (x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2}+2 x^{3}-2 \sqrt {x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x}-4 \left (x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x -5 x^{2}+2 \left (x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{4}}+4 x -1}{\left (x -1\right )^{2}}\right )}{2048}+\frac {77 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x}\, \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x -2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{3}+2 \left (x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x \right )^{\frac {3}{4}}-2 \sqrt {x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x}\, \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right )-2 \left (x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2}+5 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{2}+4 \left (x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x -4 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x -2 \left (x^{4}-3 x^{3}+3 x^{2}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{4}}+\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right )}{\left (x -1\right )^{2}}\right )}{2048}\right ) \left (x^{3} \left (x -1\right )\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \left (x \left (x -1\right )^{3}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x \left (x -1\right )}\)	\(407\)

[In]

int(x^2*(x^4-x^3)^(1/4),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

4/15*signum(x-1)^(1/4)/(-signum(x-1))^(1/4)*x^(15/4)*hypergeom([-1/4,15/4],[19/4],x)

Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

none

Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 90, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.23 \[ \int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx=\frac {1}{1536} \, {\left (x^{4} - x^{3}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (384 \, x^{3} - 32 \, x^{2} - 44 \, x - 77\right )} - \frac {77}{1024} \, \arctan \left (\frac {{\left (x^{4} - x^{3}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}\right ) - \frac {77}{2048} \, \log \left (\frac {x + {\left (x^{4} - x^{3}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}\right ) + \frac {77}{2048} \, \log \left (-\frac {x - {\left (x^{4} - x^{3}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}\right ) \]

[In]

integrate(x^2*(x^4-x^3)^(1/4),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

1/1536*(x^4 - x^3)^(1/4)*(384*x^3 - 32*x^2 - 44*x - 77) - 77/1024*arctan((x^4 - x^3)^(1/4)/x) - 77/2048*log((x
+ (x^4 - x^3)^(1/4))/x) + 77/2048*log(-(x - (x^4 - x^3)^(1/4))/x)

Sympy [F]

\[ \int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx=\int x^{2} \sqrt [4]{x^{3} \left (x - 1\right )}\, dx \]

[In]

integrate(x**2*(x**4-x**3)**(1/4),x)

[Out]

Integral(x**2*(x**3*(x - 1))**(1/4), x)

Maxima [F]

\[ \int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx=\int { {\left (x^{4} - x^{3}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{2} \,d x } \]

[In]

integrate(x^2*(x^4-x^3)^(1/4),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate((x^4 - x^3)^(1/4)*x^2, x)

Giac [A] (verification not implemented)

none

Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 106, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.45 \[ \int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx=-\frac {1}{1536} \, {\left (77 \, {\left (\frac {1}{x} - 1\right )}^{3} {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 275 \, {\left (\frac {1}{x} - 1\right )}^{2} {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} - 351 \, {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {5}{4}} - 231 \, {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} x^{4} - \frac {77}{1024} \, \arctan \left ({\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right ) - \frac {77}{2048} \, \log \left ({\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} + 1\right ) + \frac {77}{2048} \, \log \left ({\left | {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} - 1 \right |}\right ) \]

[In]

integrate(x^2*(x^4-x^3)^(1/4),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

-1/1536*(77*(1/x - 1)^3*(-1/x + 1)^(1/4) + 275*(1/x - 1)^2*(-1/x + 1)^(1/4) - 351*(-1/x + 1)^(5/4) - 231*(-1/x
+ 1)^(1/4))*x^4 - 77/1024*arctan((-1/x + 1)^(1/4)) - 77/2048*log((-1/x + 1)^(1/4) + 1) + 77/2048*log(abs((-1/
x + 1)^(1/4) - 1))

Mupad [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int x^2 \sqrt [4]{-x^3+x^4} \, dx=\int x^2\,{\left (x^4-x^3\right )}^{1/4} \,d x \]

[In]

int(x^2*(x^4 - x^3)^(1/4),x)

[Out]

int(x^2*(x^4 - x^3)^(1/4), x)