Integrand size = 47, antiderivative size = 75 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4} \left (1+2 x^4\right )}{\left (-1+2 x^4\right ) \left (-1-x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\arctan \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{-2+x^2+4 x^4}\right )-\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{-2+x^2+4 x^4}\right ) \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 4 vs. order 3 in optimal.
Time = 1.88 (sec) , antiderivative size = 475, normalized size of antiderivative = 6.33, number of steps used = 32, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.170, Rules used = {6857, 1222, 1194, 538, 435, 430, 1226, 551} \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4} \left (1+2 x^4\right )}{\left (-1+2 x^4\right ) \left (-1-x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {1}{4} \sqrt {3 \left (11 \sqrt {33}-59\right )} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+\frac {1}{4} \sqrt {3 \left (13+3 \sqrt {33}\right )} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+\frac {\left (1+4 \sqrt {2}-\sqrt {33}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {33}\right )}}+\frac {\left (1-4 \sqrt {2}-\sqrt {33}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {33}\right )}}+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{4} \left (1-\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {1-\sqrt {33}}{4 \sqrt {2}},\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1-\sqrt {33}}{4 \sqrt {2}},\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{8} \left (-1+\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right ) \]
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Rule 430
Rule 435
Rule 538
Rule 551
Rule 1194
Rule 1222
Rule 1226
Rule 6857
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \left (\frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{-1+x^2}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{1+2 x^2}-\frac {4 x^2 \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{-1+2 x^4}\right ) \, dx \\ & = 2 \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{1+2 x^2} \, dx-4 \int \frac {x^2 \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{-1+2 x^4} \, dx+\int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{-1+x^2} \, dx \\ & = -\left (\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {-2+8 x^2}{\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}} \, dx\right )-3 \int \frac {1}{\left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}} \, dx+3 \int \frac {1}{\left (1+2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}} \, dx-4 \int \left (-\frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{2 \sqrt {2} \left (1-\sqrt {2} x^2\right )}+\frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{2 \sqrt {2} \left (1+\sqrt {2} x^2\right )}\right ) \, dx-\int \frac {5+4 x^2}{\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}} \, dx \\ & = -\left (2 \int \frac {-2+8 x^2}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx\right )-4 \int \frac {5+4 x^2}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx-12 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \left (-1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx+12 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \left (1+2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx+\sqrt {2} \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{1-\sqrt {2} x^2} \, dx-\sqrt {2} \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}{1+\sqrt {2} x^2} \, dx \\ & = 3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{4} \left (1-\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{8} \left (-1+\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-2 \left (2 \int \frac {\sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2}} \, dx\right )-\frac {\int \frac {-4-\sqrt {2}-4 \sqrt {2} x^2}{\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt {2}}+\frac {\int \frac {-4+\sqrt {2}+4 \sqrt {2} x^2}{\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}} \, dx}{\sqrt {2}}-\left (2 \left (9-\sqrt {33}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx+\left (2 \left (3+\sqrt {33}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx-\int \frac {1}{\left (1-\sqrt {2} x^2\right ) \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}} \, dx-\int \frac {1}{\left (1+\sqrt {2} x^2\right ) \sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}} \, dx \\ & = -\sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {33}\right )} E\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right )|\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+\frac {1}{4} \sqrt {3 \left (13+3 \sqrt {33}\right )} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\frac {1}{4} \sqrt {3 \left (-59+11 \sqrt {33}\right )} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{4} \left (1-\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{8} \left (-1+\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-4 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2} \left (1-\sqrt {2} x^2\right )} \, dx-4 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2} \left (1+\sqrt {2} x^2\right )} \, dx-\left (2 \sqrt {2}\right ) \int \frac {-4-\sqrt {2}-4 \sqrt {2} x^2}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx+\left (2 \sqrt {2}\right ) \int \frac {-4+\sqrt {2}+4 \sqrt {2} x^2}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx \\ & = -\sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {33}\right )} E\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right )|\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+\frac {1}{4} \sqrt {3 \left (13+3 \sqrt {33}\right )} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\frac {1}{4} \sqrt {3 \left (-59+11 \sqrt {33}\right )} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{4} \left (1-\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {1-\sqrt {33}}{4 \sqrt {2}},\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1-\sqrt {33}}{4 \sqrt {2}},\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{8} \left (-1+\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+2 \left (2 \int \frac {\sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2}} \, dx\right )+\left (2 \left (1-4 \sqrt {2}-\sqrt {33}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx+\left (2 \left (1+4 \sqrt {2}-\sqrt {33}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+\sqrt {33}-8 x^2} \sqrt {1+\sqrt {33}+8 x^2}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\left (1-4 \sqrt {2}-\sqrt {33}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {33}\right )}}+\frac {\left (1+4 \sqrt {2}-\sqrt {33}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {33}\right )}}+\frac {1}{4} \sqrt {3 \left (13+3 \sqrt {33}\right )} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\frac {1}{4} \sqrt {3 \left (-59+11 \sqrt {33}\right )} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{4} \left (1-\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {1-\sqrt {33}}{4 \sqrt {2}},\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )-\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1-\sqrt {33}}{4 \sqrt {2}},\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {33}}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {1}{8} \left (-1+\sqrt {33}\right ),\arcsin \left (2 \sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {33}}} x\right ),\frac {1}{16} \left (-17+\sqrt {33}\right )\right ) \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 52, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.69 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4} \left (1+2 x^4\right )}{\left (-1+2 x^4\right ) \left (-1-x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=-\arctan \left (\frac {x}{\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}\right )+\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x}{\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4}}\right ) \]
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Time = 18.46 (sec) , antiderivative size = 61, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.81
method | result | size |
elliptic | \(\frac {\left (\sqrt {2}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}}{x}\right )-\sqrt {6}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {6}\, \sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}\, \sqrt {2}}{6 x}\right )\right ) \sqrt {2}}{2}\) | \(61\) |
default | \(\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 \left (i \left (x -1\right )^{2} \sqrt {2}+2 x^{2}+\frac {x}{2}-1\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3 \sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}}\right )}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 \left (i \left (1+x \right )^{2} \sqrt {2}+2 x^{2}-\frac {x}{2}-1\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3 \sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}}\right )}{2}+\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}}{x}\right )\) | \(113\) |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 \left (i \left (x -1\right )^{2} \sqrt {2}+2 x^{2}+\frac {x}{2}-1\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3 \sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}}\right )}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 \left (i \left (1+x \right )^{2} \sqrt {2}+2 x^{2}-\frac {x}{2}-1\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3 \sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}}\right )}{2}+\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}}{x}\right )\) | \(113\) |
trager | \(\frac {\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+3\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+3\right ) x^{4}-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+3\right ) x^{2}+3 x \sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}+\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+3\right )}{\left (x -1\right ) \left (1+x \right ) \left (2 x^{2}+1\right )}\right )}{2}-\frac {\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{4}-\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right ) x^{2}+x \sqrt {-4 x^{4}-x^{2}+2}+\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+1\right )}{2 x^{4}-1}\right )}{2}\) | \(143\) |
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Time = 0.33 (sec) , antiderivative size = 71, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.95 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4} \left (1+2 x^4\right )}{\left (-1+2 x^4\right ) \left (-1-x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} \sqrt {-4 \, x^{4} - x^{2} + 2} x}{2 \, x^{4} + 2 \, x^{2} - 1}\right ) + \frac {1}{2} \, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-4 \, x^{4} - x^{2} + 2} x}{2 \, x^{4} + x^{2} - 1}\right ) \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4} \left (1+2 x^4\right )}{\left (-1+2 x^4\right ) \left (-1-x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {\left (2 x^{4} + 1\right ) \sqrt {- 4 x^{4} - x^{2} + 2}}{\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right ) \left (2 x^{2} + 1\right ) \left (2 x^{4} - 1\right )}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4} \left (1+2 x^4\right )}{\left (-1+2 x^4\right ) \left (-1-x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (2 \, x^{4} + 1\right )} \sqrt {-4 \, x^{4} - x^{2} + 2}}{{\left (2 \, x^{4} - x^{2} - 1\right )} {\left (2 \, x^{4} - 1\right )}} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4} \left (1+2 x^4\right )}{\left (-1+2 x^4\right ) \left (-1-x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (2 \, x^{4} + 1\right )} \sqrt {-4 \, x^{4} - x^{2} + 2}}{{\left (2 \, x^{4} - x^{2} - 1\right )} {\left (2 \, x^{4} - 1\right )}} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\sqrt {2-x^2-4 x^4} \left (1+2 x^4\right )}{\left (-1+2 x^4\right ) \left (-1-x^2+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=-\int \frac {\left (2\,x^4+1\right )\,\sqrt {-4\,x^4-x^2+2}}{\left (2\,x^4-1\right )\,\left (-2\,x^4+x^2+1\right )} \,d x \]
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