Integrand size = 32, antiderivative size = 81 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (-b+a^3 x^3\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \, dx=\frac {\text {RootSum}\left [a^9-a^3 b^2-3 a^6 \text {$\#$1}^3+3 a^3 \text {$\#$1}^6-\text {$\#$1}^9\&,\frac {-\log (x)+\log \left (\sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}-x \text {$\#$1}\right )}{\text {$\#$1}}\&\right ]}{3 b} \]
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Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(946\) vs. \(2(81)=162\).
Time = 1.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 946, normalized size of antiderivative = 11.68, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 3, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.094, Rules used = {2081, 6857, 93} \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (-b+a^3 x^3\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \, dx=\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \arctan \left (\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b}}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}} \sqrt [3]{x}}+\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \arctan \left (\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b}}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}} \sqrt [3]{x}}+\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \arctan \left (\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b}}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}} \sqrt [3]{x}}+\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}}-\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b}-a x\right )}{6 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}}-\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{-1} a x+\sqrt [3]{b}\right )}{6 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}}-\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b}-(-1)^{2/3} a x\right )}{6 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b}}{\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}}}-\sqrt [3]{x}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b}}{\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}}}-\sqrt [3]{x}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{a^3 x-b}}{\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}}}-\sqrt [3]{x}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{a^3 x^3-b x^2}} \]
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Rule 93
Rule 2081
Rule 6857
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\left (x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}\right ) \int \frac {1}{x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \left (-b+a^3 x^3\right )} \, dx}{\sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \\ & = \frac {\left (x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}\right ) \int \left (-\frac {1}{3 b^{2/3} x^{2/3} \left (\sqrt [3]{b}-a x\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}-\frac {1}{3 b^{2/3} x^{2/3} \left (\sqrt [3]{b}+\sqrt [3]{-1} a x\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}-\frac {1}{3 b^{2/3} x^{2/3} \left (\sqrt [3]{b}-(-1)^{2/3} a x\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}\right ) \, dx}{\sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \\ & = -\frac {\left (x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}\right ) \int \frac {1}{x^{2/3} \left (\sqrt [3]{b}-a x\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}} \, dx}{3 b^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}-\frac {\left (x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}\right ) \int \frac {1}{x^{2/3} \left (\sqrt [3]{b}+\sqrt [3]{-1} a x\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}} \, dx}{3 b^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}-\frac {\left (x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}\right ) \int \frac {1}{x^{2/3} \left (\sqrt [3]{b}-(-1)^{2/3} a x\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}} \, dx}{3 b^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \\ & = \frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}+\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}} \sqrt [3]{x}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}+\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}} \sqrt [3]{x}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}+\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}} \sqrt [3]{x}}\right )}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}-\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b}-a x\right )}{6 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}-\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b}+\sqrt [3]{-1} a x\right )}{6 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}-\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{b}-(-1)^{2/3} a x\right )}{6 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \log \left (-\sqrt [3]{x}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}{\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \log \left (-\sqrt [3]{x}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}{\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2+\sqrt [3]{-1} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}}+\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \log \left (-\sqrt [3]{x}+\frac {\sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}}{\sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{a} \sqrt [3]{a^2-(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3}} b \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 119, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.47 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (-b+a^3 x^3\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \, dx=\frac {x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x} \text {RootSum}\left [a^9-a^3 b^2-3 a^6 \text {$\#$1}^3+3 a^3 \text {$\#$1}^6-\text {$\#$1}^9\&,\frac {-\log \left (\sqrt [3]{x}\right )+\log \left (\sqrt [3]{-b+a^3 x}-\sqrt [3]{x} \text {$\#$1}\right )}{\text {$\#$1}}\&\right ]}{3 b \sqrt [3]{x^2 \left (-b+a^3 x\right )}} \]
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Time = 2.77 (sec) , antiderivative size = 71, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.88
method | result | size |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{9}-3 a^{3} \textit {\_Z}^{6}+3 a^{6} \textit {\_Z}^{3}-a^{9}+a^{3} b^{2}\right )}{\sum }\frac {\ln \left (\frac {-\textit {\_R} x +\left (x^{2} \left (a^{3} x -b \right )\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x}\right )}{\textit {\_R}}}{3 b}\) | \(71\) |
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 3 vs. order 1.
Time = 1.06 (sec) , antiderivative size = 24170, normalized size of antiderivative = 298.40 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (-b+a^3 x^3\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
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Not integrable
Time = 1.64 (sec) , antiderivative size = 24, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.30 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (-b+a^3 x^3\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{x^{2} \left (a^{3} x - b\right )} \left (a^{3} x^{3} - b\right )}\, dx \]
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Not integrable
Time = 0.23 (sec) , antiderivative size = 32, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.40 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (-b+a^3 x^3\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (a^{3} x^{3} - b x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} {\left (a^{3} x^{3} - b\right )}} \,d x } \]
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Not integrable
Time = 0.36 (sec) , antiderivative size = 32, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.40 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (-b+a^3 x^3\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (a^{3} x^{3} - b x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} {\left (a^{3} x^{3} - b\right )}} \,d x } \]
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Not integrable
Time = 5.76 (sec) , antiderivative size = 33, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.41 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (-b+a^3 x^3\right ) \sqrt [3]{-b x^2+a^3 x^3}} \, dx=-\int \frac {1}{\left (b-a^3\,x^3\right )\,{\left (a^3\,x^3-b\,x^2\right )}^{1/3}} \,d x \]
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