Integrand size = 69, antiderivative size = 88 \[ \int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a b x+(-a-b) x^2+x^3}}{a-x}\right )}{d^{3/4}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {a b x+(-a-b) x^2+x^3}}{a-x}\right )}{d^{3/4}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx \]
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Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\left (\sqrt {x} \sqrt {-a+x} \sqrt {-b+x}\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt {x} \sqrt {-b+x} \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {-a+x} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)}} \\ & = \frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x} \sqrt {-a+x} \sqrt {-b+x}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2 \sqrt {-b+x^2} \left (a b-2 a x^2+x^4\right )}{\sqrt {-a+x^2} \left (-a^2+2 a x^2+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^4-2 b d x^6+d x^8\right )} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)}} \\ & = \frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x} \sqrt {-a+x} \sqrt {-b+x}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {2 a x^4 \sqrt {-b+x^2}}{\sqrt {-a+x^2} \left (a^2-2 a x^2+\left (1-b^2 d\right ) x^4+2 b d x^6-d x^8\right )}+\frac {a b x^2 \sqrt {-b+x^2}}{\sqrt {-a+x^2} \left (-a^2+2 a x^2-\left (1-b^2 d\right ) x^4-2 b d x^6+d x^8\right )}+\frac {x^6 \sqrt {-b+x^2}}{\sqrt {-a+x^2} \left (-a^2+2 a x^2-\left (1-b^2 d\right ) x^4-2 b d x^6+d x^8\right )}\right ) \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)}} \\ & = \frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x} \sqrt {-a+x} \sqrt {-b+x}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^6 \sqrt {-b+x^2}}{\sqrt {-a+x^2} \left (-a^2+2 a x^2-\left (1-b^2 d\right ) x^4-2 b d x^6+d x^8\right )} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)}}+\frac {\left (4 a \sqrt {x} \sqrt {-a+x} \sqrt {-b+x}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^4 \sqrt {-b+x^2}}{\sqrt {-a+x^2} \left (a^2-2 a x^2+\left (1-b^2 d\right ) x^4+2 b d x^6-d x^8\right )} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)}}+\frac {\left (2 a b \sqrt {x} \sqrt {-a+x} \sqrt {-b+x}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2 \sqrt {-b+x^2}}{\sqrt {-a+x^2} \left (-a^2+2 a x^2-\left (1-b^2 d\right ) x^4-2 b d x^6+d x^8\right )} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 15.47 (sec) , antiderivative size = 66, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.75 \[ \int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x (-b+x)}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)}}\right )+\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)}}{a-x}\right )}{d^{3/4}} \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.
Time = 1.43 (sec) , antiderivative size = 358, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.07
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {2 b \sqrt {-\frac {-b +x}{b}}\, \sqrt {\frac {-a +x}{-a +b}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{b}}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {-b +x}{b}}, \sqrt {\frac {b}{-a +b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a b x -a \,x^{2}-b \,x^{2}+x^{3}}}-\frac {b \left (\munderset {\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (d \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}-2 d b \,\textit {\_Z}^{3}+\left (d \,b^{2}-1\right ) \textit {\_Z}^{2}+2 \textit {\_Z} a -a^{2}\right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (-2 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3} a d +\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3} b d +3 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} a b d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} b^{2} d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha a \,b^{2} d +\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2}-2 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha a +a^{2}\right ) \left (d \,\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}-\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} b d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha +2 a -b \right ) \sqrt {-\frac {-b +x}{b}}\, \sqrt {\frac {-a +x}{-a +b}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{b}}\, \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {-b +x}{b}}, -\frac {\left (d \,\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}-\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} b d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha +2 a -b \right ) b}{a^{2}-2 a b +b^{2}}, \sqrt {\frac {b}{-a +b}}\right )}{\left (-2 d \,\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}+3 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} b d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha \,b^{2} d +\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha -a \right ) \left (a^{2}-2 a b +b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {x \left (a b -a x -b x +x^{2}\right )}}\right )}{d}\) | \(358\) |
elliptic | \(-\frac {2 b \sqrt {-\frac {-b +x}{b}}\, \sqrt {\frac {-a +x}{-a +b}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{b}}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {-b +x}{b}}, \sqrt {\frac {b}{-a +b}}\right )}{d \sqrt {a b x -a \,x^{2}-b \,x^{2}+x^{3}}}-\frac {b \left (\munderset {\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (d \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}-2 d b \,\textit {\_Z}^{3}+\left (d \,b^{2}-1\right ) \textit {\_Z}^{2}+2 \textit {\_Z} a -a^{2}\right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (2 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3} a d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3} b d -3 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} a b d +\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} b^{2} d +\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha a \,b^{2} d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2}+2 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha a -a^{2}\right ) \left (d \,\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}-\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} b d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha +2 a -b \right ) \sqrt {-\frac {-b +x}{b}}\, \sqrt {\frac {-a +x}{-a +b}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x}{b}}\, \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {-b +x}{b}}, -\frac {\left (d \,\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}-\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} b d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha +2 a -b \right ) b}{a^{2}-2 a b +b^{2}}, \sqrt {\frac {b}{-a +b}}\right )}{\left (2 d \,\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{3}-3 \underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha ^{2} b d +\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha \,b^{2} d -\underline {\hspace {1.25 ex}}\alpha +a \right ) \left (a^{2}-2 a b +b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {x \left (a b -a x -b x +x^{2}\right )}}\right )}{d}\) | \(360\) |
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.73 (sec) , antiderivative size = 677, normalized size of antiderivative = 7.69 \[ \int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {1}{4} \, \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\frac {2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d + 1\right )} x^{2} - a^{2} + 2 \, a x + 2 \, \sqrt {a b x - {\left (a + b\right )} x^{2} + x^{3}} {\left ({\left (b d^{3} x - d^{3} x^{2}\right )} \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {3}{4}} + {\left (a d - d x\right )} \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} - 2 \, {\left (a b d^{2} x - {\left (a + b\right )} d^{2} x^{2} + d^{2} x^{3}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {1}{d^{3}}}}{2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d - 1\right )} x^{2} + a^{2} - 2 \, a x}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\frac {2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d + 1\right )} x^{2} - a^{2} + 2 \, a x - 2 \, \sqrt {a b x - {\left (a + b\right )} x^{2} + x^{3}} {\left ({\left (b d^{3} x - d^{3} x^{2}\right )} \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {3}{4}} + {\left (a d - d x\right )} \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} - 2 \, {\left (a b d^{2} x - {\left (a + b\right )} d^{2} x^{2} + d^{2} x^{3}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {1}{d^{3}}}}{2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d - 1\right )} x^{2} + a^{2} - 2 \, a x}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} i \, \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\frac {2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d + 1\right )} x^{2} - a^{2} + 2 \, a x + 2 \, \sqrt {a b x - {\left (a + b\right )} x^{2} + x^{3}} {\left ({\left (i \, b d^{3} x - i \, d^{3} x^{2}\right )} \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {3}{4}} + {\left (-i \, a d + i \, d x\right )} \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} + 2 \, {\left (a b d^{2} x - {\left (a + b\right )} d^{2} x^{2} + d^{2} x^{3}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {1}{d^{3}}}}{2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d - 1\right )} x^{2} + a^{2} - 2 \, a x}\right ) - \frac {1}{4} i \, \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\frac {2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d + 1\right )} x^{2} - a^{2} + 2 \, a x + 2 \, \sqrt {a b x - {\left (a + b\right )} x^{2} + x^{3}} {\left ({\left (-i \, b d^{3} x + i \, d^{3} x^{2}\right )} \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {3}{4}} + {\left (i \, a d - i \, d x\right )} \frac {1}{d^{3}}^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )} + 2 \, {\left (a b d^{2} x - {\left (a + b\right )} d^{2} x^{2} + d^{2} x^{3}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {1}{d^{3}}}}{2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d - 1\right )} x^{2} + a^{2} - 2 \, a x}\right ) \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
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\[ \int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (a b - 2 \, a x + x^{2}\right )} {\left (b - x\right )} x}{{\left (2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d - 1\right )} x^{2} + a^{2} - 2 \, a x\right )} \sqrt {{\left (a - x\right )} {\left (b - x\right )} x}} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (a b - 2 \, a x + x^{2}\right )} {\left (b - x\right )} x}{{\left (2 \, b d x^{3} - d x^{4} - {\left (b^{2} d - 1\right )} x^{2} + a^{2} - 2 \, a x\right )} \sqrt {{\left (a - x\right )} {\left (b - x\right )} x}} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {x (-b+x) \left (a b-2 a x+x^2\right )}{\sqrt {x (-a+x) (-b+x)} \left (-a^2+2 a x+\left (-1+b^2 d\right ) x^2-2 b d x^3+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\int -\frac {x\,\left (b-x\right )\,\left (x^2-2\,a\,x+a\,b\right )}{\sqrt {x\,\left (a-x\right )\,\left (b-x\right )}\,\left (-a^2+2\,a\,x+d\,x^4-2\,b\,d\,x^3+\left (b^2\,d-1\right )\,x^2\right )} \,d x \]
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