Integrand size = 25, antiderivative size = 89 \[ \int \frac {2+x^2}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-3+2 \sqrt {3}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}{1+x+x^2}\right )}{3^{3/4}}-\frac {\sqrt {2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}{1+x+x^2}\right )}{3^{3/4}} \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 4 vs. order 3 in optimal.
Time = 0.96 (sec) , antiderivative size = 433, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.87, number of steps used = 13, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.240, Rules used = {6860, 225, 2160, 2165, 212, 209} \[ \int \frac {2+x^2}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x+\sqrt {3}+1}{-x-\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3-1}}+\frac {\sqrt {2 \left (7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x+\sqrt {3}+1}{-x-\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3^{3/4} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3-1}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x+\sqrt {3}+1}{-x-\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3^{3/4} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3-1}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2 \sqrt {3}-3} (1-x)}{\sqrt {x^3-1}}\right )}{3^{3/4}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} (1-x)}{\sqrt {x^3-1}}\right )}{3^{3/4}} \]
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Rule 209
Rule 212
Rule 225
Rule 2160
Rule 2165
Rule 6860
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}+\frac {2 (2+x)}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right ) \, dx \\ & = 2 \int \frac {2+x}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx+\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}+2 \int \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}}{\left (-2-2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}}+\frac {1-\sqrt {3}}{\left (-2+2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right ) \, dx \\ & = -\frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}+\left (2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (-2+2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx+\left (2 \left (1+\sqrt {3}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (-2-2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}+\frac {1}{288} \left (-3+\sqrt {3}\right ) \int \frac {96 \left (1+\sqrt {3}\right )-96 x}{\left (-2+2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx+\frac {1}{6} \left (-3+\sqrt {3}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx-\frac {1}{288} \left (3+\sqrt {3}\right ) \int \frac {96 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right )-96 x}{\left (-2-2 \sqrt {3}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx-\frac {1}{6} \left (3+\sqrt {3}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\sqrt {2} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3^{3/4} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}+\frac {\sqrt {14-8 \sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3^{3/4} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}+\frac {1}{3} \left (3-\sqrt {3}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-\left (3-2 \sqrt {3}\right ) x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {1+\frac {2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) x}{-2+2 \sqrt {3}}}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right )+\frac {1}{3} \left (3+\sqrt {3}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-\left (3+2 \sqrt {3}\right ) x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {1+\frac {2 \left (1+\sqrt {3}\right ) x}{-2-2 \sqrt {3}}}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right ) \\ & = \frac {\sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-3+2 \sqrt {3}} (1-x)}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right )}{3^{3/4}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} (1-x)}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right )}{3^{3/4}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3^{3/4} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}+\frac {\sqrt {14-8 \sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3^{3/4} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 1.52 (sec) , antiderivative size = 77, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.87 \[ \int \frac {2+x^2}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-3+2 \sqrt {3}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}{1+x+x^2}\right )+\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3+2 \sqrt {3}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}}{1+x+x^2}\right )\right )}{3^{3/4}} \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 4 vs. order 3.
Time = 8.33 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1516, normalized size of antiderivative = 17.03
method | result | size |
default | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(1516\) |
elliptic | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(1725\) |
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.30 (sec) , antiderivative size = 384, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.31 \[ \int \frac {2+x^2}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {1}{108} \cdot 27^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} \log \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (9 \, x^{4} + 18 \, x^{3} + 54 \, x^{2} + 36 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )} + \sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (27^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{2} + 4 \, x - 2\right )} + 9 \cdot 27^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{2} + 2\right )}\right )} - 36 \, x + 36\right )}}{x^{4} - 4 \, x^{3} + 8 \, x + 4}\right ) + \frac {1}{108} \cdot 27^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} \log \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (9 \, x^{4} + 18 \, x^{3} + 54 \, x^{2} + 36 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )} - \sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (27^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{2} + 4 \, x - 2\right )} + 9 \cdot 27^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{2} + 2\right )}\right )} - 36 \, x + 36\right )}}{x^{4} - 4 \, x^{3} + 8 \, x + 4}\right ) + \frac {1}{108} i \cdot 27^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} \log \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (9 \, x^{4} + 18 \, x^{3} + 54 \, x^{2} - 36 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )} - \sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (27^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} {\left (i \, x^{2} + 4 i \, x - 2 i\right )} + 9 \cdot 27^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2} {\left (-i \, x^{2} - 2 i\right )}\right )} - 36 \, x + 36\right )}}{x^{4} - 4 \, x^{3} + 8 \, x + 4}\right ) - \frac {1}{108} i \cdot 27^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} \log \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (9 \, x^{4} + 18 \, x^{3} + 54 \, x^{2} - 36 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )} - \sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (27^{\frac {3}{4}} \sqrt {2} {\left (-i \, x^{2} - 4 i \, x + 2 i\right )} + 9 \cdot 27^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2} {\left (i \, x^{2} + 2 i\right )}\right )} - 36 \, x + 36\right )}}{x^{4} - 4 \, x^{3} + 8 \, x + 4}\right ) \]
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\[ \int \frac {2+x^2}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=\int \frac {x^{2} + 2}{\sqrt {\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x^{2} + x + 1\right )} \left (x^{2} - 2 x - 2\right )}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {2+x^2}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x^{2} + 2}{\sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (x^{2} - 2 \, x - 2\right )}} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {2+x^2}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x^{2} + 2}{\sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (x^{2} - 2 \, x - 2\right )}} \,d x } \]
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Time = 5.94 (sec) , antiderivative size = 509, normalized size of antiderivative = 5.72 \[ \int \frac {2+x^2}{\left (-2-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {2\,\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\mathrm {F}\left (\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )}{\sqrt {x^3+\left (-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )-1\right )\,x+\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}}-\frac {\left (2\,\sqrt {3}-6\right )\,\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\Pi \left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\,\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}{3};\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )}{3\,\sqrt {x^3+\left (-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )-1\right )\,x+\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}}+\frac {\left (2\,\sqrt {3}+6\right )\,\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {-\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\Pi \left (-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}{3};\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )}{3\,\sqrt {x^3+\left (-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )-1\right )\,x+\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}} \]
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