Integrand size = 43, antiderivative size = 100 \[ \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\left (1-x^2\right ) \left (1-k^2 x^2\right )}} \, dx=\frac {2 \sqrt {1+2 k+k^2-c^2 k^2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {1+2 k+k^2-c^2 k^2} x}{1+c k x+k x^2+\sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right )}{(-1-k+c k) (1+k+c k)} \]
[Out]
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 4 vs. order 3 in optimal.
Time = 2.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1193, normalized size of antiderivative = 11.93, number of steps used = 20, number of rules used = 9, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.209, Rules used = {1976, 6860, 1117, 1738, 1230, 1720, 1261, 738, 212} \[ \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\left (1-x^2\right ) \left (1-k^2 x^2\right )}} \, dx=-\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2+2 k+1} x}{\sqrt {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2+2 k+1}}+\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {c^2 k-4}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {-4 \left (\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2+c \sqrt {c^2 k-4} k^{3/2}+2 k+1\right ) x^2 k^2+8 k^2-\left (k^2+1\right ) \left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {c^2 k-4}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {2} k^{3/2} \sqrt {\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2+2 k+1} \sqrt {-k c^2+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {c^2 k-4} c+2} \sqrt {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2+2 k+1} \sqrt {-k c^2+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {c^2 k-4} c+2}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {k} c+\sqrt {c^2 k-4}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {-2 \left (2 \left (k^2+1\right )-\left (c k+\sqrt {c^2 k-4} \sqrt {k}\right )^2\right ) x^2 k^2+8 k^2-\left (k^2+1\right ) \left (c k+\sqrt {c^2 k-4} \sqrt {k}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {2} k^{3/2} \sqrt {\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2+2 k+1} \sqrt {-k c^2-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {c^2 k-4} c+2} \sqrt {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2+2 k+1} \sqrt {-k c^2-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {c^2 k-4} c+2}}-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {c^2 k-4}\right ) \left (k x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}{\left (k x^2+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(k+1)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \sqrt {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {k} c+\sqrt {c^2 k-4}\right ) \left (k x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}{\left (k x^2+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(k+1)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \sqrt {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}}+\frac {\left (k x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}{\left (k x^2+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(k+1)^2}{4 k}\right )}{2 \sqrt {k} \sqrt {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}}-\frac {\left (-k c^2-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {c^2 k-4} c+4\right ) \left (k x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}{\left (k x^2+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {c^2 k}{4},2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(k+1)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \left (\sqrt {k} c+\sqrt {c^2 k-4}\right ) \sqrt {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}}-\frac {\left (-k c^2+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {c^2 k-4} c+4\right ) \left (k x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}{\left (k x^2+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {c^2 k}{4},2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(k+1)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {c^2 k-4}\right ) \sqrt {k^2 x^4-\left (k^2+1\right ) x^2+1}} \]
[In]
[Out]
Rule 212
Rule 738
Rule 1117
Rule 1230
Rule 1261
Rule 1720
Rule 1738
Rule 1976
Rule 6860
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx \\ & = \int \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {2+c k x}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right ) \, dx \\ & = \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx-\int \frac {2+c k x}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{2 \sqrt {k} \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\int \left (\frac {c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}{\left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}+2 k x\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}+\frac {c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}{\left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}+2 k x\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right ) \, dx \\ & = \frac {\left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{2 \sqrt {k} \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\left (\sqrt {k} \left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}+2 k x\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx-\left (\sqrt {k} \left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}+2 k x\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{2 \sqrt {k} \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}+\left (2 k^{3/2} \left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )\right ) \int \frac {x}{\left (\left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-4 k^2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx-\left (k \left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (\left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-4 k^2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx+\left (2 k^{3/2} \left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )\right ) \int \frac {x}{\left (\left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-4 k^2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx-\left (k \left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (\left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-4 k^2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{2 \sqrt {k} \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx}{2 c \sqrt {k}}+\left (k^{3/2} \left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (\left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-4 k^2 x\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x+k^2 x^2}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx}{2 c \sqrt {k}}+\left (k^{3/2} \left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (\left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-4 k^2 x\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x+k^2 x^2}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )-\left (2 \sqrt {k} \left (\sqrt {k}-\frac {\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}{c}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1+k x^2}{\left (\left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-4 k^2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx-\left (2 \sqrt {k} \left (\sqrt {k}+\frac {\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}{c}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1+k x^2}{\left (\left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-4 k^2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {1+2 k+\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2} x}{\sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right )}{\sqrt {1+2 k+\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2}}+\frac {\left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{2 \sqrt {k} \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (4-c^2 k-c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {c^2 k}{4},2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (4-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {c^2 k}{4},2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\left (2 k^{3/2} \left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{64 k^4+16 k^2 \left (-1-k^2\right ) \left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2+4 k^2 \left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^4-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {-8 k^2-\left (-1-k^2\right ) \left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-2 k^2 \left (2 \left (-1-k^2\right )+\left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2\right ) x^2}{\sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right )-\left (2 k^{3/2} \left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{64 k^4+16 k^2 \left (-1-k^2\right ) \left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2+4 k^2 \left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^4-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {-8 k^2-\left (-1-k^2\right ) \left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-2 k^2 \left (2 \left (-1-k^2\right )+\left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2\right ) x^2}{\sqrt {1+\left (-1-k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right ) \\ & = -\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {1+2 k+\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2} x}{\sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right )}{\sqrt {1+2 k+\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2}}+\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {8 k^2-\left (1+k^2\right ) \left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-2 k^2 \left (2 \left (1+k^2\right )-\left (c k-\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2\right ) x^2}{4 \sqrt {2} k^{3/2} \sqrt {1+2 k+\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2} \sqrt {2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}} \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {1+2 k+\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2} \sqrt {2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}}+\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {8 k^2-\left (1+k^2\right ) \left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2-2 k^2 \left (2 \left (1+k^2\right )-\left (c k+\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )^2\right ) x^2}{4 \sqrt {2} k^{3/2} \sqrt {1+2 k+\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2} \sqrt {2-c^2 k-c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}} \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {1+2 k+\left (1-c^2\right ) k^2} \sqrt {2-c^2 k-c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}}+\frac {\left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{2 \sqrt {k} \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (4-c^2 k-c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {c^2 k}{4},2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \left (c \sqrt {k}+\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}}-\frac {\left (4-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \left (1+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}{\left (1+k x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {c^2 k}{4},2 \arctan \left (\sqrt {k} x\right ),\frac {(1+k)^2}{4 k}\right )}{4 c k \left (c \sqrt {k}-\sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \sqrt {1-\left (1+k^2\right ) x^2+k^2 x^4}} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 4 vs. order 3 in optimal.
Time = 16.24 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1374, normalized size of antiderivative = 13.74 \[ \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\left (1-x^2\right ) \left (1-k^2 x^2\right )}} \, dx=\frac {\frac {\sqrt {-1+x^2} \sqrt {-1+k^2 x^2} \left (-\frac {\left (-4+\left (-4+c^2\right ) k+c^2 k^2+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}-c k^{3/2} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-2-4 k+2 \left (-1+c^2\right ) k^2} \sqrt {-1+k^2 x^2}}{\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-2+\left (-4+c^2\right ) k-2 k^2+c^2 k^3+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}-c k^{5/2} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}} \sqrt {-1+x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {-2+\left (-4+c^2\right ) k-2 k^2+c^2 k^3+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}-c k^{5/2} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}}+\frac {\left (-4+\left (-4+c^2\right ) k+c^2 k^2-c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}+c k^{3/2} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-2-4 k+2 \left (-1+c^2\right ) k^2} \sqrt {-1+k^2 x^2}}{\sqrt {k} \sqrt {-2+\left (-4+c^2\right ) k-2 k^2+c^2 k^3-c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}+c k^{5/2} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}} \sqrt {-1+x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {-2+\left (-4+c^2\right ) k-2 k^2+c^2 k^3-c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}+c k^{5/2} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}}\right )}{\sqrt {-2+\frac {c^2 k}{2}} \sqrt {-1-2 k+\left (-1+c^2\right ) k^2}}+2 \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin (x),k^2\right )+\frac {4 \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {2 k}{2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}},\arcsin (x),k^2\right )}{-2+c^2 k-c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}+\frac {2 c^2 k \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {2 k}{2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}},\arcsin (x),k^2\right )}{2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}+\frac {8 c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {2 k}{2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}},\arcsin (x),k^2\right )}{\sqrt {-4+c^2 k} \left (2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )}-\frac {2 c^3 k^{3/2} \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (-\frac {2 k}{2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}},\arcsin (x),k^2\right )}{\sqrt {-4+c^2 k} \left (2-c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )}+\frac {4 \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {2 k}{-2+c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}},\arcsin (x),k^2\right )}{-2+c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}-\frac {2 c^2 k \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {2 k}{-2+c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}},\arcsin (x),k^2\right )}{-2+c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}}+\frac {8 c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {2 k}{-2+c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}},\arcsin (x),k^2\right )}{\sqrt {-4+c^2 k} \left (-2+c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )}-\frac {2 c^3 k^{3/2} \sqrt {1-x^2} \sqrt {1-k^2 x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {2 k}{-2+c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}},\arcsin (x),k^2\right )}{\sqrt {-4+c^2 k} \left (-2+c^2 k+c \sqrt {k} \sqrt {-4+c^2 k}\right )}}{2 \sqrt {\left (-1+x^2\right ) \left (-1+k^2 x^2\right )}} \]
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Time = 2.62 (sec) , antiderivative size = 96, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.96
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {\ln \left (2\right )+\ln \left (\frac {\sqrt {\left (c k +k +1\right ) \left (c k -k -1\right )}\, \sqrt {\left (x^{2}-1\right ) \left (k^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}+\left (-c \,x^{2}-x \right ) k^{2}+\left (-c -2 x \right ) k -x}{1+x \left (c +x \right ) k}\right )}{\sqrt {-1+\left (c^{2}-1\right ) k^{2}-2 k}}\) | \(96\) |
pseudoelliptic | \(-\frac {\ln \left (2\right )+\ln \left (\frac {\sqrt {\left (c k +k +1\right ) \left (c k -k -1\right )}\, \sqrt {\left (x^{2}-1\right ) \left (k^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}+\left (-c \,x^{2}-x \right ) k^{2}+\left (-c -2 x \right ) k -x}{1+x \left (c +x \right ) k}\right )}{\sqrt {-1+\left (c^{2}-1\right ) k^{2}-2 k}}\) | \(96\) |
elliptic | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(1699\) |
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none
Time = 0.53 (sec) , antiderivative size = 342, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.42 \[ \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\left (1-x^2\right ) \left (1-k^2 x^2\right )}} \, dx=\left [\frac {\log \left (-\frac {{\left ({\left (2 \, c^{2} - 1\right )} k^{4} - 2 \, k^{3} - k^{2}\right )} x^{4} + 2 \, {\left (c k^{4} + 2 \, c k^{3} + c k^{2}\right )} x^{3} + {\left (2 \, c^{2} - 1\right )} k^{2} - {\left ({\left (c^{2} - 2\right )} k^{4} - 2 \, {\left (c^{2} + 3\right )} k^{3} + {\left (c^{2} - 8\right )} k^{2} - 6 \, k - 2\right )} x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {k^{2} x^{4} - {\left (k^{2} + 1\right )} x^{2} + 1} {\left (c k^{2} x^{2} + c k + {\left (k^{2} + 2 \, k + 1\right )} x\right )} \sqrt {{\left (c^{2} - 1\right )} k^{2} - 2 \, k - 1} + 2 \, {\left (c k^{3} + 2 \, c k^{2} + c k\right )} x - 2 \, k - 1}{2 \, c k^{2} x^{3} + k^{2} x^{4} + 2 \, c k x + {\left (c^{2} k^{2} + 2 \, k\right )} x^{2} + 1}\right )}{2 \, \sqrt {{\left (c^{2} - 1\right )} k^{2} - 2 \, k - 1}}, -\frac {\sqrt {-{\left (c^{2} - 1\right )} k^{2} + 2 \, k + 1} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {k^{2} x^{4} - {\left (k^{2} + 1\right )} x^{2} + 1} \sqrt {-{\left (c^{2} - 1\right )} k^{2} + 2 \, k + 1}}{c k^{2} x^{2} + c k + {\left (k^{2} + 2 \, k + 1\right )} x}\right )}{{\left (c^{2} - 1\right )} k^{2} - 2 \, k - 1}\right ] \]
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\[ \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\left (1-x^2\right ) \left (1-k^2 x^2\right )}} \, dx=\int \frac {k x^{2} - 1}{\sqrt {\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right ) \left (k x - 1\right ) \left (k x + 1\right )} \left (c k x + k x^{2} + 1\right )}\, dx \]
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Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\left (1-x^2\right ) \left (1-k^2 x^2\right )}} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]
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\[ \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\left (1-x^2\right ) \left (1-k^2 x^2\right )}} \, dx=\int { \frac {k x^{2} - 1}{{\left (c k x + k x^{2} + 1\right )} \sqrt {{\left (k^{2} x^{2} - 1\right )} {\left (x^{2} - 1\right )}}} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {-1+k x^2}{\left (1+c k x+k x^2\right ) \sqrt {\left (1-x^2\right ) \left (1-k^2 x^2\right )}} \, dx=\int \frac {k\,x^2-1}{\sqrt {\left (x^2-1\right )\,\left (k^2\,x^2-1\right )}\,\left (k\,x^2+c\,k\,x+1\right )} \,d x \]
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