Integrand size = 34, antiderivative size = 109 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-x^4+2 x^8\right )}{x^{10} \left (-1+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2+5 x^4+65 x^8\right )}{9 x^9}+2 \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{-x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^4}}\right )-2 \sqrt {2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^4}}\right ) \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 6 vs. order 3 in optimal.
Time = 0.23 (sec) , antiderivative size = 121, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.11, number of steps used = 12, number of rules used = 10, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.294, Rules used = {6857, 277, 270, 283, 338, 304, 209, 212, 525, 524} \[ \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-x^4+2 x^8\right )}{x^{10} \left (-1+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {16 \sqrt [4]{x^4-1} x^3 \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {3}{4},-\frac {1}{4},1,\frac {7}{4},x^4,2 x^4\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{1-x^4}}+4 \arctan \left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}\right )-4 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}\right )+\frac {8 \sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}{x}-\frac {2 \left (x^4-1\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^9}-\frac {7 \left (x^4-1\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^5} \]
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Rule 209
Rule 212
Rule 270
Rule 277
Rule 283
Rule 304
Rule 338
Rule 524
Rule 525
Rule 6857
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \left (-\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^{10}}-\frac {3 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^6}-\frac {8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^2}+\frac {16 x^2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{-1+2 x^4}\right ) \, dx \\ & = -\left (2 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^{10}} \, dx\right )-3 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^6} \, dx-8 \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^2} \, dx+16 \int \frac {x^2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{-1+2 x^4} \, dx \\ & = \frac {8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x}-\frac {2 \left (-1+x^4\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^9}-\frac {3 \left (-1+x^4\right )^{5/4}}{5 x^5}-\frac {8}{9} \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^6} \, dx-8 \int \frac {x^2}{\left (-1+x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx+\frac {\left (16 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}\right ) \int \frac {x^2 \sqrt [4]{1-x^4}}{-1+2 x^4} \, dx}{\sqrt [4]{1-x^4}} \\ & = \frac {8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x}-\frac {2 \left (-1+x^4\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^9}-\frac {7 \left (-1+x^4\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^5}-\frac {16 x^3 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {3}{4},-\frac {1}{4},1,\frac {7}{4},x^4,2 x^4\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{1-x^4}}-8 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{1-x^4} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right ) \\ & = \frac {8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x}-\frac {2 \left (-1+x^4\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^9}-\frac {7 \left (-1+x^4\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^5}-\frac {16 x^3 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {3}{4},-\frac {1}{4},1,\frac {7}{4},x^4,2 x^4\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{1-x^4}}-4 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )+4 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right ) \\ & = \frac {8 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x}-\frac {2 \left (-1+x^4\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^9}-\frac {7 \left (-1+x^4\right )^{5/4}}{9 x^5}-\frac {16 x^3 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {3}{4},-\frac {1}{4},1,\frac {7}{4},x^4,2 x^4\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{1-x^4}}+4 \arctan \left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )-4 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right ) \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.30 (sec) , antiderivative size = 109, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-x^4+2 x^8\right )}{x^{10} \left (-1+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2+5 x^4+65 x^8\right )}{9 x^9}+2 \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{-x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^4}}\right )-2 \sqrt {2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{x^2+\sqrt {-1+x^4}}\right ) \]
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Time = 5.39 (sec) , antiderivative size = 129, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.18
method | result | size |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {-9 x^{9} \left (\ln \left (\frac {\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}\, x +x^{2}+\sqrt {x^{4}-1}}{-\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}\, x +x^{2}+\sqrt {x^{4}-1}}\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}+x}{x}\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}-x}{x}\right )\right ) \sqrt {2}+\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \left (65 x^{8}+5 x^{4}+2\right )}{9 x^{9}}\) | \(129\) |
trager | \(\frac {\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \left (65 x^{8}+5 x^{4}+2\right )}{9 x^{9}}-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} \left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3}+2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}-1}\, x^{2}+2 \left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x +\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3}}{2 x^{4}-1}\right )-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \ln \left (\frac {2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \sqrt {x^{4}-1}\, x^{2}-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} \left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3}+2 \left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x +\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )}{2 x^{4}-1}\right )\) | \(180\) |
risch | \(\frac {65 x^{12}-60 x^{8}-3 x^{4}-2}{9 x^{9} \left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}+\frac {\left (-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} \ln \left (-\frac {-2 \left (x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{9}-\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{8}+2 \left (x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{3}+2 \sqrt {x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1}\, x^{6}+4 \left (x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{5}+2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{4}-2 \sqrt {x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1}\, x^{2}-2 \left (x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x -\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2}}{\left (2 x^{4}-1\right ) \left (-1+x \right )^{2} \left (1+x \right )^{2} \left (x^{2}+1\right )^{2}}\right )+2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {-2 \left (x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{9}-\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{8}+4 \left (x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x^{5}-2 \sqrt {x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1}\, x^{6}+2 \left (x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right ) x^{3}+2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2} x^{4}-2 \left (x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{3} x +2 \sqrt {x^{12}-3 x^{8}+3 x^{4}-1}\, x^{2}-\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{4}+1\right )^{2}}{\left (2 x^{4}-1\right ) \left (-1+x \right )^{2} \left (1+x \right )^{2} \left (x^{2}+1\right )^{2}}\right )\right ) {\left (\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{3}\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}\) | \(514\) |
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 1.75 (sec) , antiderivative size = 271, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.49 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-x^4+2 x^8\right )}{x^{10} \left (-1+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\frac {\left (9 i - 9\right ) \, \sqrt {2} x^{9} \log \left (\frac {\left (i + 1\right ) \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 2 i \, \sqrt {x^{4} - 1} x^{2} + \left (i - 1\right ) \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + 1}{2 \, x^{4} - 1}\right ) - \left (9 i + 9\right ) \, \sqrt {2} x^{9} \log \left (\frac {-\left (i - 1\right ) \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} - 2 i \, \sqrt {x^{4} - 1} x^{2} - \left (i + 1\right ) \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + 1}{2 \, x^{4} - 1}\right ) + \left (9 i + 9\right ) \, \sqrt {2} x^{9} \log \left (\frac {\left (i - 1\right ) \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} - 2 i \, \sqrt {x^{4} - 1} x^{2} + \left (i + 1\right ) \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + 1}{2 \, x^{4} - 1}\right ) - \left (9 i - 9\right ) \, \sqrt {2} x^{9} \log \left (\frac {-\left (i + 1\right ) \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 2 i \, \sqrt {x^{4} - 1} x^{2} - \left (i - 1\right ) \, \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x + 1}{2 \, x^{4} - 1}\right ) + 2 \, {\left (65 \, x^{8} + 5 \, x^{4} + 2\right )} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{18 \, x^{9}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-x^4+2 x^8\right )}{x^{10} \left (-1+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right ) \left (x^{2} + 1\right )} \left (2 x^{8} - x^{4} + 2\right )}{x^{10} \cdot \left (2 x^{4} - 1\right )}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-x^4+2 x^8\right )}{x^{10} \left (-1+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (2 \, x^{8} - x^{4} + 2\right )} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{{\left (2 \, x^{4} - 1\right )} x^{10}} \,d x } \]
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none
Time = 0.30 (sec) , antiderivative size = 171, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.57 \[ \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-x^4+2 x^8\right )}{x^{10} \left (-1+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=-2 \, \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2} {\left (\sqrt {2} + \frac {2 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}\right )}\right ) - 2 \, \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2} {\left (\sqrt {2} - \frac {2 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}\right )}\right ) - \sqrt {2} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x} + \frac {\sqrt {x^{4} - 1}}{x^{2}} + 1\right ) + \sqrt {2} \log \left (-\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x} + \frac {\sqrt {x^{4} - 1}}{x^{2}} + 1\right ) + \frac {{\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} {\left (\frac {1}{x^{4}} - 1\right )}}{x} + \frac {8 \, {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x} + \frac {2 \, {\left (x^{8} - 2 \, x^{4} + 1\right )} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{9 \, x^{9}} \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-x^4+2 x^8\right )}{x^{10} \left (-1+2 x^4\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {{\left (x^4-1\right )}^{1/4}\,\left (2\,x^8-x^4+2\right )}{x^{10}\,\left (2\,x^4-1\right )} \,d x \]
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