Integrand size = 20, antiderivative size = 111 \[ \int \frac {-1+x}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {3 \left (-x^2+x^3\right )^{2/3}}{2 x^2}+\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x}{x+2 \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}}\right )-\log \left (-x+\sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}\right )+\frac {1}{2} \log \left (x^2+x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}+\left (-x^2+x^3\right )^{2/3}\right ) \]
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Time = 0.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 155, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.40, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.200, Rules used = {2077, 2036, 61, 2039} \[ \int \frac {-1+x}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{x-1} x^{2/3} \arctan \left (\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{x-1}}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{x}}+\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt [3]{x^3-x^2}}-\frac {3 \left (x^3-x^2\right )^{2/3}}{2 x^2}-\frac {3 \sqrt [3]{x-1} x^{2/3} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{x-1}}{\sqrt [3]{x}}-1\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{x^3-x^2}}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{x-1} x^{2/3} \log (x)}{2 \sqrt [3]{x^3-x^2}} \]
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Rule 61
Rule 2036
Rule 2039
Rule 2077
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}}-\frac {1}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}}\right ) \, dx \\ & = \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx-\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {3 \left (-x^2+x^3\right )^{2/3}}{2 x^2}+\frac {\left (\sqrt [3]{-1+x} x^{2/3}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{-1+x} x^{2/3}} \, dx}{\sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \\ & = -\frac {3 \left (-x^2+x^3\right )^{2/3}}{2 x^2}-\frac {\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{-1+x} x^{2/3} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}+\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{-1+x}}{\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{x}}\right )}{\sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}}-\frac {3 \sqrt [3]{-1+x} x^{2/3} \log \left (-1+\frac {\sqrt [3]{-1+x}}{\sqrt [3]{x}}\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{-1+x} x^{2/3} \log (x)}{2 \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.19 (sec) , antiderivative size = 129, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.16 \[ \int \frac {-1+x}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt [3]{-1+x} \left (-3 (-1+x)^{2/3}+2 \sqrt {3} x^{2/3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} \sqrt [3]{x}}{2 \sqrt [3]{-1+x}+\sqrt [3]{x}}\right )-2 x^{2/3} \log \left (\sqrt [3]{-1+x}-\sqrt [3]{x}\right )+x^{2/3} \log \left ((-1+x)^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{-1+x} \sqrt [3]{x}+x^{2/3}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt [3]{(-1+x) x^2}} \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.
Time = 0.36 (sec) , antiderivative size = 42, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.38
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {3 \left (-1+x \right )}{2 \left (\left (-1+x \right ) x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}+\frac {3 \left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (-1+x \right )\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{\frac {1}{3}} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {1}{3}, \frac {1}{3}\right ], \left [\frac {4}{3}\right ], x\right )}{\operatorname {signum}\left (-1+x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}\) | \(42\) |
meijerg | \(\frac {3 \left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (-1+x \right )\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} \left (1-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}{2 \operatorname {signum}\left (-1+x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{\frac {2}{3}}}+\frac {3 \left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (-1+x \right )\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{\frac {1}{3}} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {1}{3}, \frac {1}{3}\right ], \left [\frac {4}{3}\right ], x\right )}{\operatorname {signum}\left (-1+x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}\) | \(54\) |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {-2 \sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\left (2 \left (\left (-1+x \right ) x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+x \right ) \sqrt {3}}{3 x}\right ) x^{2}+\ln \left (\frac {\left (\left (-1+x \right ) x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+\left (\left (-1+x \right ) x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x +x^{2}}{x^{2}}\right ) x^{2}-2 \ln \left (\frac {\left (\left (-1+x \right ) x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-x}{x}\right ) x^{2}-3 \left (\left (-1+x \right ) x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}{2 x^{2}}\) | \(104\) |
trager | \(-\frac {3 \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}{2 x^{2}}-6 \ln \left (\frac {180 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x^{2}-360 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x -144 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}-144 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x -174 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x^{2}+138 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x +15 \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+15 x \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+20 x^{2}-12 x}{x}\right ) \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )+6 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \ln \left (\frac {180 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x^{2}-360 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x +144 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+144 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x +114 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x^{2}-18 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x -9 \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}-9 x \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-4 x^{2}+x}{x}\right )+\ln \left (\frac {180 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x^{2}-360 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x -144 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}-144 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x -174 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x^{2}+138 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (36 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-6 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x +15 \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+15 x \left (x^{3}-x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+20 x^{2}-12 x}{x}\right )\) | \(504\) |
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Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 119, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.07 \[ \int \frac {-1+x}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {2 \, \sqrt {3} x^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x + 2 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{3 \, x}\right ) + 2 \, x^{2} \log \left (-\frac {x - {\left (x^{3} - x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x}\right ) - x^{2} \log \left (\frac {x^{2} + {\left (x^{3} - x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} x + {\left (x^{3} - x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}}}{x^{2}}\right ) + 3 \, {\left (x^{3} - x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}}}{2 \, x^{2}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {-1+x}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx=\int \frac {x - 1}{x \sqrt [3]{x^{2} \left (x - 1\right )}}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {-1+x}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x - 1}{{\left (x^{3} - x^{2}\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} x} \,d x } \]
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Time = 0.30 (sec) , antiderivative size = 74, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.67 \[ \int \frac {-1+x}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx=-\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} + 1\right )}\right ) - \frac {3}{2} \, {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}} + \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left ({\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}} + {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} + 1\right ) - \log \left ({\left | {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} - 1 \right |}\right ) \]
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Time = 5.87 (sec) , antiderivative size = 44, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.40 \[ \int \frac {-1+x}{x \sqrt [3]{-x^2+x^3}} \, dx=\frac {3\,x\,{\left (1-x\right )}^{1/3}\,{{}}_2{\mathrm {F}}_1\left (\frac {1}{3},\frac {1}{3};\ \frac {4}{3};\ x\right )}{{\left (x^3-x^2\right )}^{1/3}}-\frac {3\,{\left (x^3-x^2\right )}^{2/3}}{2\,x^2} \]
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