Integrand size = 35, antiderivative size = 116 \[ \int \frac {b+a x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (b+c x^4+a x^8\right )} \, dx=\frac {1}{4} \text {RootSum}\left [a^2+a b+a c-2 a \text {$\#$1}^4-c \text {$\#$1}^4+\text {$\#$1}^8\&,\frac {2 a \log (x)-2 a \log \left (\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}-x \text {$\#$1}\right )-\log (x) \text {$\#$1}^4+\log \left (\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}-x \text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}^4}{2 a \text {$\#$1}+c \text {$\#$1}-2 \text {$\#$1}^5}\&\right ] \]
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Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(539\) vs. \(2(116)=232\).
Time = 1.01 (sec) , antiderivative size = 539, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.65, number of steps used = 10, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.143, Rules used = {6860, 385, 218, 214, 211} \[ \int \frac {b+a x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (b+c x^4+a x^8\right )} \, dx=\frac {a^{3/4} \left (\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}}+1\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x \sqrt [4]{-\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+2 b+c}}{\sqrt [4]{c-\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}} \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}\right )}{2 \left (c-\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}\right )^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{-\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+2 b+c}}+\frac {a^{3/4} \left (1-\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x \sqrt [4]{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+2 b+c}}{\sqrt [4]{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+c} \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}\right )}{2 \left (\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+c\right )^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+2 b+c}}+\frac {a^{3/4} \left (\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}}+1\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x \sqrt [4]{-\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+2 b+c}}{\sqrt [4]{c-\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}} \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}\right )}{2 \left (c-\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}\right )^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{-\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+2 b+c}}+\frac {a^{3/4} \left (1-\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x \sqrt [4]{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+2 b+c}}{\sqrt [4]{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+c} \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}\right )}{2 \left (\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+c\right )^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{\sqrt {c^2-4 a b}+2 b+c}} \]
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Rule 211
Rule 214
Rule 218
Rule 385
Rule 6860
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \left (\frac {a+\frac {a (2 b-c)}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}+2 a x^4\right )}+\frac {a-\frac {a (2 b-c)}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}+2 a x^4\right )}\right ) \, dx \\ & = \left (a \left (1-\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}+2 a x^4\right )} \, dx+\left (a \left (1+\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}+2 a x^4\right )} \, dx \\ & = \left (a \left (1-\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}-\left (2 a b+a \left (c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}\right )\right ) x^4} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )+\left (a \left (1+\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}-\left (2 a b+a \left (c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}\right )\right ) x^4} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right ) \\ & = \frac {\left (a \left (1+\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {2 b+c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}}+\frac {\left (a \left (1+\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {2 b+c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}}+\frac {\left (a \left (1-\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}-\sqrt {a} \sqrt {2 b+c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}}+\frac {\left (a \left (1-\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {2 b+c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}} \\ & = \frac {a^{3/4} \left (1+\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{2 b+c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} x}{\sqrt [4]{c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} \sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{2 \left (c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}\right )^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{2 b+c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}}+\frac {a^{3/4} \left (1-\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{2 b+c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} x}{\sqrt [4]{c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} \sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{2 \left (c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}\right )^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{2 b+c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}}+\frac {a^{3/4} \left (1+\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{2 b+c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} x}{\sqrt [4]{c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} \sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{2 \left (c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}\right )^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{2 b+c-\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}}+\frac {a^{3/4} \left (1-\frac {2 b-c}{\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{2 b+c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} x}{\sqrt [4]{c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}} \sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{2 \left (c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}\right )^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{2 b+c+\sqrt {-4 a b+c^2}}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 1.38 (sec) , antiderivative size = 117, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.01 \[ \int \frac {b+a x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (b+c x^4+a x^8\right )} \, dx=\frac {1}{4} \text {RootSum}\left [a^2+a b+a c-2 a \text {$\#$1}^4-c \text {$\#$1}^4+\text {$\#$1}^8\&,\frac {-2 a \log (x)+2 a \log \left (\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}-x \text {$\#$1}\right )+\log (x) \text {$\#$1}^4-\log \left (\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}-x \text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}^4}{-2 a \text {$\#$1}-c \text {$\#$1}+2 \text {$\#$1}^5}\&\right ] \]
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Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 77, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.66
method | result | size |
pseudoelliptic | \(-\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{8}+\left (-2 a -c \right ) \textit {\_Z}^{4}+a^{2}+a b +a c \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\textit {\_R}^{4}-2 a \right ) \ln \left (\frac {-\textit {\_R} x +\left (a \,x^{4}-b \right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}\right )}{\textit {\_R} \left (2 \textit {\_R}^{4}-2 a -c \right )}\right )}{4}\) | \(77\) |
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {b+a x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (b+c x^4+a x^8\right )} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {b+a x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (b+c x^4+a x^8\right )} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
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Not integrable
Time = 0.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 35, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.30 \[ \int \frac {b+a x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (b+c x^4+a x^8\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {a x^{4} + b}{{\left (a x^{8} + c x^{4} + b\right )} {\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}} \,d x } \]
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Not integrable
Time = 1.91 (sec) , antiderivative size = 35, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.30 \[ \int \frac {b+a x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (b+c x^4+a x^8\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {a x^{4} + b}{{\left (a x^{8} + c x^{4} + b\right )} {\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}} \,d x } \]
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Not integrable
Time = 6.03 (sec) , antiderivative size = 35, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.30 \[ \int \frac {b+a x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4} \left (b+c x^4+a x^8\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {a\,x^4+b}{{\left (a\,x^4-b\right )}^{1/4}\,\left (a\,x^8+c\,x^4+b\right )} \,d x \]
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