Integrand size = 15, antiderivative size = 122 \[ \int x^6 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \, dx=\frac {1}{648} \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \left (-20 x-12 x^3-9 x^5+81 x^7\right )+\frac {5 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x}{x+2 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}}\right )}{81 \sqrt {3}}+\frac {5}{243} \log \left (-x+\sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}\right )-\frac {5}{486} \log \left (x^2+x \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}\right ) \]
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Time = 0.12 (sec) , antiderivative size = 177, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.45, number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.400, Rules used = {2046, 2049, 2057, 335, 281, 337} \[ \int x^6 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \, dx=\frac {5 \left (x^2-1\right )^{2/3} x^{2/3} \arctan \left (\frac {\frac {2 x^{2/3}}{\sqrt [3]{x^2-1}}+1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{81 \sqrt {3} \left (x^3-x\right )^{2/3}}-\frac {1}{54} \sqrt [3]{x^3-x} x^3-\frac {5}{162} \sqrt [3]{x^3-x} x+\frac {1}{8} \sqrt [3]{x^3-x} x^7-\frac {1}{72} \sqrt [3]{x^3-x} x^5+\frac {5 \left (x^2-1\right )^{2/3} x^{2/3} \log \left (x^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{x^2-1}\right )}{162 \left (x^3-x\right )^{2/3}} \]
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Rule 281
Rule 335
Rule 337
Rule 2046
Rule 2049
Rule 2057
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {1}{8} x^7 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{12} \int \frac {x^7}{\left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {1}{72} x^5 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\frac {1}{8} x^7 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {2}{27} \int \frac {x^5}{\left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {1}{54} x^3 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{72} x^5 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\frac {1}{8} x^7 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {5}{81} \int \frac {x^3}{\left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {5}{162} x \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{54} x^3 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{72} x^5 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\frac {1}{8} x^7 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {10}{243} \int \frac {x}{\left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {5}{162} x \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{54} x^3 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{72} x^5 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\frac {1}{8} x^7 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {\left (10 x^{2/3} \left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3}\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{x}}{\left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3}} \, dx}{243 \left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \\ & = -\frac {5}{162} x \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{54} x^3 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{72} x^5 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\frac {1}{8} x^7 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {\left (10 x^{2/3} \left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^3}{\left (-1+x^6\right )^{2/3}} \, dx,x,\sqrt [3]{x}\right )}{81 \left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \\ & = -\frac {5}{162} x \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{54} x^3 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{72} x^5 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\frac {1}{8} x^7 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {\left (5 x^{2/3} \left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x}{\left (-1+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \, dx,x,x^{2/3}\right )}{81 \left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \\ & = -\frac {5}{162} x \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{54} x^3 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}-\frac {1}{72} x^5 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\frac {1}{8} x^7 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3}+\frac {5 x^{2/3} \left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3} \arctan \left (\frac {1+\frac {2 x^{2/3}}{\sqrt [3]{-1+x^2}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{81 \sqrt {3} \left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}}+\frac {5 x^{2/3} \left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3} \log \left (x^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{-1+x^2}\right )}{162 \left (-x+x^3\right )^{2/3}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 3.47 (sec) , antiderivative size = 174, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.43 \[ \int x^6 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \, dx=\frac {60 x^2-24 x^4-9 x^6-270 x^8+243 x^{10}+40 \sqrt {3} x^{2/3} \left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x^{2/3}}{x^{2/3}+2 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^2}}\right )+40 x^{2/3} \left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3} \log \left (-x^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{-1+x^2}\right )-20 x^{2/3} \left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3} \log \left (x^{4/3}+x^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{-1+x^2}+\left (-1+x^2\right )^{2/3}\right )}{1944 \left (x \left (-1+x^2\right )\right )^{2/3}} \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.
Time = 1.93 (sec) , antiderivative size = 33, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.27
method | result | size |
meijerg | \(\frac {3 \operatorname {signum}\left (x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{\frac {22}{3}} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [-\frac {1}{3}, \frac {11}{3}\right ], \left [\frac {14}{3}\right ], x^{2}\right )}{22 {\left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{2}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}\) | \(33\) |
pseudoelliptic | \(-\frac {x^{4} \left (\left (-243 x^{7}+27 x^{5}+36 x^{3}+60 x \right ) \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+40 \sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \left (x +2 \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}{3 x}\right )+20 \ln \left (\frac {x^{2}+x \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+\left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}{x^{2}}\right )-40 \ln \left (\frac {-x +\left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x}\right )\right )}{1944 {\left (\left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+x \left (x +\left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )\right )}^{4} {\left (x -\left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}^{4}}\) | \(154\) |
trager | \(\frac {x \left (81 x^{6}-9 x^{4}-12 x^{2}-20\right ) \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{648}+\frac {5 \ln \left (4959 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x^{2}-6768 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+22833 \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x -14412 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x^{2}-19836 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2}+5355 \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+2256 x \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-7060 x^{2}-3513 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )+2118\right )}{243}-\frac {5 \ln \left (-6354 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x^{2}+6768 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+16065 \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x -24951 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x^{2}+25416 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2}+7611 \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}-2256 x \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-6061 x^{2}+21438 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )+3857\right )}{243}-\frac {5 \ln \left (-6354 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x^{2}+6768 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+16065 \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}} \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x -24951 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x^{2}+25416 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2}+7611 \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}-2256 x \left (x^{3}-x \right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-6061 x^{2}+21438 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )+3857\right ) \operatorname {RootOf}\left (9 \textit {\_Z}^{2}+3 \textit {\_Z} +1\right )}{81}\) | \(462\) |
risch | \(\frac {x \left (81 x^{6}-9 x^{4}-12 x^{2}-20\right ) {\left (x \left (x^{2}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{648}+\frac {\left (\frac {5 \ln \left (-\frac {-35 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right )^{2} x^{4}-1956 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) x^{4}-4104 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{2}+175 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right )^{2} x^{2}+23364 x^{4}+5850 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}-35100 \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{2}+2010 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) x^{2}+10476 \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+4104 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-140 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right )^{2}-38232 x^{2}+35100 \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-54 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right )+14868}{\left (1+x \right ) \left (-1+x \right )}\right )}{243}+\frac {5 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) \ln \left (\frac {59 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right )^{2} x^{4}-3750 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) x^{4}-295 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right )^{2} x^{2}-1746 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{2}+12600 x^{4}+5850 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+5652 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) x^{2}-35100 \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{2}+236 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right )^{2}+1746 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right ) \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+24624 \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}-16380 x^{2}-1902 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+6 \textit {\_Z} +36\right )+35100 \left (x^{6}-2 x^{4}+x^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+3780}{\left (-1+x \right ) \left (1+x \right )}\right )}{1458}\right ) {\left (x \left (x^{2}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} \left (x^{2} \left (x^{2}-1\right )^{2}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x \left (x^{2}-1\right )}\) | \(553\) |
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Time = 0.39 (sec) , antiderivative size = 117, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.96 \[ \int x^6 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \, dx=\frac {5}{243} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (-\frac {44032959556 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - x\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} x + \sqrt {3} {\left (16754327161 \, x^{2} - 2707204793\right )} - 10524305234 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - x\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}}}{81835897185 \, x^{2} - 1102302937}\right ) + \frac {1}{648} \, {\left (81 \, x^{7} - 9 \, x^{5} - 12 \, x^{3} - 20 \, x\right )} {\left (x^{3} - x\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} + \frac {5}{486} \, \log \left (-3 \, {\left (x^{3} - x\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} x + 3 \, {\left (x^{3} - x\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}} + 1\right ) \]
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\[ \int x^6 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \, dx=\int x^{6} \sqrt [3]{x \left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right )}\, dx \]
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\[ \int x^6 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \, dx=\int { {\left (x^{3} - x\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{6} \,d x } \]
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Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 127, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.04 \[ \int x^6 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \, dx=-\frac {1}{648} \, {\left (20 \, {\left (\frac {1}{x^{2}} - 1\right )}^{3} {\left (-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} + 72 \, {\left (\frac {1}{x^{2}} - 1\right )}^{2} {\left (-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} - 93 \, {\left (-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1\right )}^{\frac {4}{3}} - 40 \, {\left (-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )} x^{8} - \frac {5}{243} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, {\left (-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} + 1\right )}\right ) - \frac {5}{486} \, \log \left ({\left (-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}} + {\left (-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} + 1\right ) + \frac {5}{243} \, \log \left ({\left | {\left (-\frac {1}{x^{2}} + 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} - 1 \right |}\right ) \]
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Timed out. \[ \int x^6 \sqrt [3]{-x+x^3} \, dx=\int x^6\,{\left (x^3-x\right )}^{1/3} \,d x \]
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