Integrand size = 25, antiderivative size = 152 \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (-1+2 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx=\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}+\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {2^{5/8} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{\sqrt [4]{2} x^2-\sqrt {-1+x^4}}\right )}{8 \sqrt [8]{2}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}-\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2\ 2^{3/8} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{2 x^2+2^{3/4} \sqrt {-1+x^4}}\right )}{8 \sqrt [8]{2}} \]
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Time = 0.17 (sec) , antiderivative size = 282, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.86, number of steps used = 16, number of rules used = 11, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.440, Rules used = {1542, 385, 217, 1179, 642, 1176, 631, 210, 218, 212, 209} \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (-1+2 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx=\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}-\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \arctan \left (1-\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )}+\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}+1\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}-\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \log \left (-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}+\frac {2^{5/8} x^2}{\sqrt {x^4-1}}+2^{3/8}\right )}{8\ 2^{5/8} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )}+\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \log \left (\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{x^4-1}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{2} x^2}{\sqrt {x^4-1}}+1\right )}{8\ 2^{5/8} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )} \]
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Rule 209
Rule 210
Rule 212
Rule 217
Rule 218
Rule 385
Rule 631
Rule 642
Rule 1176
Rule 1179
Rule 1542
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \left (\frac {1-\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-2 \sqrt {2}+2 x^4\right )}+\frac {1+\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2+2 \sqrt {2}+2 x^4\right )}\right ) \, dx \\ & = \frac {1}{2} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2-2 \sqrt {2}+2 x^4\right )} \, dx+\frac {1}{2} \left (2+\sqrt {2}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (2+2 \sqrt {2}+2 x^4\right )} \, dx \\ & = \frac {1}{2} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{2-2 \sqrt {2}-\left (4-2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^4} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )+\frac {1}{2} \left (2+\sqrt {2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{2+2 \sqrt {2}-\left (4+2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^4} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right ) \\ & = \frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-\sqrt [4]{2} x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+\sqrt [4]{2} x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1-\sqrt [4]{2} x^2}{2-2 \sqrt {2}+\left (-4+2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^4} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )+\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1+\sqrt [4]{2} x^2}{2-2 \sqrt {2}+\left (-4+2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^4} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right ) \\ & = \frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {2^{3/8}+2 x}{-\frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{2}}-2^{3/8} x-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{16 \sqrt [8]{2}}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {2^{3/8}-2 x}{-\frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{2}}+2^{3/8} x-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{16 \sqrt [8]{2}}+\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{2}}-2^{3/8} x+x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{2} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )}+\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{2}}+2^{3/8} x+x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{2} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )} \\ & = \frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}+\frac {\log \left (2^{3/8}+\frac {2^{5/8} x^2}{\sqrt {-1+x^4}}-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{16 \sqrt [8]{2}}-\frac {\log \left (1+\frac {\sqrt [4]{2} x^2}{\sqrt {-1+x^4}}+\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{16 \sqrt [8]{2}}+\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1-\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )}-\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1+\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )} \\ & = \frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}-\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \arctan \left (1-\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )}+\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \arctan \left (1+\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{4\ 2^{5/8}}+\frac {\log \left (2^{3/8}+\frac {2^{5/8} x^2}{\sqrt {-1+x^4}}-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{16 \sqrt [8]{2}}-\frac {\log \left (1+\frac {\sqrt [4]{2} x^2}{\sqrt {-1+x^4}}+\frac {2^{5/8} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )}{16 \sqrt [8]{2}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.55 (sec) , antiderivative size = 142, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.93 \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (-1+2 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx=\frac {2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )+\sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {2^{5/8} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{\sqrt [4]{2} x^2-\sqrt {-1+x^4}}\right )+2 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{2} x}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}\right )-\sqrt {2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2\ 2^{3/8} x \sqrt [4]{-1+x^4}}{2 x^2+2^{3/4} \sqrt {-1+x^4}}\right )}{8\ 2^{5/8}} \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.
Time = 10.32 (sec) , antiderivative size = 33, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.22
method | result | size |
pseudoelliptic | \(-\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{8}-2\right )}{\sum }\frac {\ln \left (\frac {-\textit {\_R} x +\left (x^{4}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}\right )}{\textit {\_R}^{5}}\right )}{8}\) | \(33\) |
trager | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(1111\) |
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 8.18 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1100, normalized size of antiderivative = 7.24 \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (-1+2 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
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\[ \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (-1+2 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {x^{4}}{\sqrt [4]{\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right ) \left (x^{2} + 1\right )} \left (x^{8} + 2 x^{4} - 1\right )}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (-1+2 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {x^{4}}{{\left (x^{8} + 2 \, x^{4} - 1\right )} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (-1+2 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {x^{4}}{{\left (x^{8} + 2 \, x^{4} - 1\right )} {\left (x^{4} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt [4]{-1+x^4} \left (-1+2 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {x^4}{{\left (x^4-1\right )}^{1/4}\,\left (x^8+2\,x^4-1\right )} \,d x \]
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