Integrand size = 28, antiderivative size = 26 \[ \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (-1-x^4+x^6\right )}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1-5 x^4+x^6\right )}{5 x^5} \]
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Time = 0.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 31, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.19, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.143, Rules used = {1847, 1598, 460, 1492} \[ \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (-1-x^4+x^6\right )}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {2 \left (x^6-1\right )^{5/4}}{5 x^5}-\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{x^6-1}}{x} \]
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Rule 460
Rule 1492
Rule 1598
Rule 1847
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \int \left (\frac {-2 x^3-x^9}{x^5 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}}+\frac {-2+x^6+x^{12}}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}}\right ) \, dx \\ & = \int \frac {-2 x^3-x^9}{x^5 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx+\int \frac {-2+x^6+x^{12}}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx \\ & = \int \frac {-2-x^6}{x^2 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx+\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (2+x^6\right )}{x^6} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6}}{x}+\frac {2 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{5/4}}{5 x^5} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 3.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 26, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00 \[ \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (-1-x^4+x^6\right )}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-1+x^6} \left (-1-5 x^4+x^6\right )}{5 x^5} \]
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Time = 0.88 (sec) , antiderivative size = 23, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.88
method | result | size |
trager | \(\frac {2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \left (x^{6}-5 x^{4}-1\right )}{5 x^{5}}\) | \(23\) |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {2 \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \left (x^{6}-5 x^{4}-1\right )}{5 x^{5}}\) | \(23\) |
risch | \(\frac {\frac {2}{5} x^{12}-\frac {4}{5} x^{6}+\frac {2}{5}-2 x^{10}+2 x^{4}}{x^{5} \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}\) | \(33\) |
gosper | \(\frac {2 \left (x -1\right ) \left (1+x \right ) \left (x^{2}+x +1\right ) \left (x^{2}-x +1\right ) \left (x^{6}-5 x^{4}-1\right )}{5 x^{5} \left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}\) | \(43\) |
meijerg | \(\frac {{\left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{7} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {3}{4}, \frac {7}{6}\right ], \left [\frac {13}{6}\right ], x^{6}\right )}{7 \operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}-\frac {{\left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{5} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {3}{4}, \frac {5}{6}\right ], \left [\frac {11}{6}\right ], x^{6}\right )}{5 \operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}+\frac {{\left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {1}{6}, \frac {3}{4}\right ], \left [\frac {7}{6}\right ], x^{6}\right )}{\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}}+\frac {2 {\left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [-\frac {5}{6}, \frac {3}{4}\right ], \left [\frac {1}{6}\right ], x^{6}\right )}{5 \operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{5}}+\frac {2 {\left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [-\frac {1}{6}, \frac {3}{4}\right ], \left [\frac {5}{6}\right ], x^{6}\right )}{\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{6}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} x}\) | \(159\) |
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none
Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 22, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.85 \[ \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (-1-x^4+x^6\right )}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {2 \, {\left (x^{6} - 5 \, x^{4} - 1\right )} {\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{5 \, x^{5}} \]
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 2.21 (sec) , antiderivative size = 168, normalized size of antiderivative = 6.46 \[ \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (-1-x^4+x^6\right )}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {x^{7} e^{- \frac {3 i \pi }{4}} \Gamma \left (\frac {7}{6}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {3}{4}, \frac {7}{6} \\ \frac {13}{6} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{6}} \right )}}{6 \Gamma \left (\frac {13}{6}\right )} - \frac {x^{5} e^{- \frac {3 i \pi }{4}} \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{6}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {3}{4}, \frac {5}{6} \\ \frac {11}{6} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{6}} \right )}}{6 \Gamma \left (\frac {11}{6}\right )} + \frac {x e^{- \frac {3 i \pi }{4}} \Gamma \left (\frac {1}{6}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{6}, \frac {3}{4} \\ \frac {7}{6} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{6}} \right )}}{6 \Gamma \left (\frac {7}{6}\right )} + \frac {e^{\frac {i \pi }{4}} \Gamma \left (- \frac {1}{6}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} - \frac {1}{6}, \frac {3}{4} \\ \frac {5}{6} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{6}} \right )}}{3 x \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{6}\right )} + \frac {e^{\frac {i \pi }{4}} \Gamma \left (- \frac {5}{6}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} - \frac {5}{6}, \frac {3}{4} \\ \frac {1}{6} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{6}} \right )}}{3 x^{5} \Gamma \left (\frac {1}{6}\right )} \]
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 53 vs. \(2 (22) = 44\).
Time = 0.30 (sec) , antiderivative size = 53, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.04 \[ \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (-1-x^4+x^6\right )}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {2 \, {\left (x^{12} - 5 \, x^{10} - 2 \, x^{6} + 5 \, x^{4} + 1\right )}}{5 \, {\left (x^{2} + x + 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x^{2} - x + 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x + 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} {\left (x - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{5}} \]
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\[ \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (-1-x^4+x^6\right )}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (x^{6} - x^{4} - 1\right )} {\left (x^{6} + 2\right )}}{{\left (x^{6} - 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}} x^{6}} \,d x } \]
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Time = 5.19 (sec) , antiderivative size = 27, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.04 \[ \int \frac {\left (2+x^6\right ) \left (-1-x^4+x^6\right )}{x^6 \left (-1+x^6\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {2\,{\left (x^6-1\right )}^{5/4}-10\,x^4\,{\left (x^6-1\right )}^{1/4}}{5\,x^5} \]
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