Integrand size = 10, antiderivative size = 54 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{x^3} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {-1+x}}{8 x^2}+\frac {3 \sqrt {-1+x}}{16 x}-\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}+\frac {3}{16} \arctan \left (\sqrt {-1+x}\right ) \]
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Time = 0.02 (sec) , antiderivative size = 54, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.500, Rules used = {5378, 12, 44, 65, 209} \[ \int \frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{x^3} \, dx=\frac {3}{16} \arctan \left (\sqrt {x-1}\right )+\frac {\sqrt {x-1}}{8 x^2}-\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}+\frac {3 \sqrt {x-1}}{16 x} \]
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Rule 12
Rule 44
Rule 65
Rule 209
Rule 5378
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = -\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}+\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1}{2 \sqrt {-1+x} x^3} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}+\frac {1}{4} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+x} x^3} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\sqrt {-1+x}}{8 x^2}-\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}+\frac {3}{16} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+x} x^2} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\sqrt {-1+x}}{8 x^2}+\frac {3 \sqrt {-1+x}}{16 x}-\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}+\frac {3}{32} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-1+x} x} \, dx \\ & = \frac {\sqrt {-1+x}}{8 x^2}+\frac {3 \sqrt {-1+x}}{16 x}-\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}+\frac {3}{16} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1+x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt {-1+x}\right ) \\ & = \frac {\sqrt {-1+x}}{8 x^2}+\frac {3 \sqrt {-1+x}}{16 x}-\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}+\frac {3}{16} \arctan \left (\sqrt {-1+x}\right ) \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.03 (sec) , antiderivative size = 55, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.02 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{x^3} \, dx=\left (\frac {1}{8 x^{3/2}}+\frac {3}{16 \sqrt {x}}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {-1+x}{x}}-\frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^2}-\frac {3}{16} \arcsin \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {x}}\right ) \]
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Time = 0.22 (sec) , antiderivative size = 57, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.06
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(-\frac {\operatorname {arcsec}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^{2}}-\frac {\sqrt {x -1}\, \left (3 \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {x -1}}\right ) x^{2}-3 \sqrt {x -1}\, x -2 \sqrt {x -1}\right )}{16 \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{x}}\, x^{\frac {5}{2}}}\) | \(57\) |
default | \(-\frac {\operatorname {arcsec}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^{2}}-\frac {\sqrt {x -1}\, \left (3 \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {x -1}}\right ) x^{2}-3 \sqrt {x -1}\, x -2 \sqrt {x -1}\right )}{16 \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{x}}\, x^{\frac {5}{2}}}\) | \(57\) |
parts | \(-\frac {\operatorname {arcsec}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 x^{2}}+\frac {\sqrt {\frac {x -1}{x}}\, \left (3 \arctan \left (\sqrt {x -1}\right ) x^{2}+3 \sqrt {x -1}\, x +2 \sqrt {x -1}\right )}{16 x^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {x -1}}\) | \(57\) |
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none
Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 29, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.54 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{x^3} \, dx=\frac {{\left (3 \, x^{2} - 8\right )} \operatorname {arcsec}\left (\sqrt {x}\right ) + {\left (3 \, x + 2\right )} \sqrt {x - 1}}{16 \, x^{2}} \]
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 41.80 (sec) , antiderivative size = 144, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.67 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{x^3} \, dx=\frac {\begin {cases} \frac {3 i \operatorname {acosh}{\left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {x}} \right )}}{4} - \frac {3 i}{4 \sqrt {x} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{x}}} + \frac {i}{4 x^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{x}}} + \frac {i}{2 x^{\frac {5}{2}} \sqrt {-1 + \frac {1}{x}}} & \text {for}\: \frac {1}{\left |{x}\right |} > 1 \\- \frac {3 \operatorname {asin}{\left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {x}} \right )}}{4} + \frac {3}{4 \sqrt {x} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{x}}} - \frac {1}{4 x^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{x}}} - \frac {1}{2 x^{\frac {5}{2}} \sqrt {1 - \frac {1}{x}}} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}}{4} - \frac {\operatorname {asec}{\left (\sqrt {x} \right )}}{2 x^{2}} \]
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Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 80 vs. \(2 (38) = 76\).
Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 80, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.48 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{x^3} \, dx=\frac {3 \, x^{\frac {3}{2}} {\left (-\frac {1}{x} + 1\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} + 5 \, \sqrt {x} \sqrt {-\frac {1}{x} + 1}}{16 \, {\left (x^{2} {\left (\frac {1}{x} - 1\right )}^{2} - 2 \, x {\left (\frac {1}{x} - 1\right )} + 1\right )}} - \frac {\operatorname {arcsec}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{2 \, x^{2}} + \frac {3}{16} \, \arctan \left (\sqrt {x} \sqrt {-\frac {1}{x} + 1}\right ) \]
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Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 44, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.81 \[ \int \frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{x^3} \, dx=\frac {3 \, \sqrt {-\frac {1}{x} + 1}}{16 \, \sqrt {x}} + \frac {\sqrt {-\frac {1}{x} + 1}}{8 \, x^{\frac {3}{2}}} - \frac {\arccos \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {x}}\right )}{2 \, x^{2}} + \frac {3}{16} \, \arccos \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {x}}\right ) \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\sec ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )}{x^3} \, dx=\int \frac {\mathrm {acos}\left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {x}}\right )}{x^3} \,d x \]
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