Optimal. Leaf size=101 \[ -\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}-\frac {a \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^2}-\frac {5 a^2 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x}-a^3 \sqrt {c} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right ) \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.18, antiderivative size = 101, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 7, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 27, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.259, Rules used = {6286, 1821,
849, 821, 272, 65, 214} \begin {gather*} -\frac {5 a^2 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x}-\frac {a \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^2}-\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}+a^3 \left (-\sqrt {c}\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 65
Rule 214
Rule 272
Rule 821
Rule 849
Rule 1821
Rule 6286
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {e^{2 \tanh ^{-1}(a x)} \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^4} \, dx &=c \int \frac {(1+a x)^2}{x^4 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}-\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {-6 a c-5 a^2 c x}{x^3 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}-\frac {a \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^2}+\frac {\int \frac {10 a^2 c^2+6 a^3 c^2 x}{x^2 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}} \, dx}{6 c}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}-\frac {a \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^2}-\frac {5 a^2 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x}+\left (a^3 c\right ) \int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}-\frac {a \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^2}-\frac {5 a^2 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x}+\frac {1}{2} \left (a^3 c\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {c-a^2 c x}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}-\frac {a \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^2}-\frac {5 a^2 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x}-a \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {1}{a^2}-\frac {x^2}{a^2 c}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}\right )\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}-\frac {a \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{x^2}-\frac {5 a^2 \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x}-a^3 \sqrt {c} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.08, size = 82, normalized size = 0.81 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\left (1+3 a x+5 a^2 x^2\right ) \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}}{3 x^3}+a^3 \sqrt {c} \log (x)-a^3 \sqrt {c} \log \left (c+\sqrt {c} \sqrt {c-a^2 c x^2}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(316\) vs.
\(2(85)=170\).
time = 0.07, size = 317, normalized size = 3.14
method | result | size |
risch | \(\frac {\left (5 a^{4} x^{4}+3 a^{3} x^{3}-4 a^{2} x^{2}-3 a x -1\right ) c}{3 x^{3} \sqrt {-c \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )}}-a^{3} \sqrt {c}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )\) | \(87\) |
default | \(2 a^{2} \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{c x}-2 a^{2} \left (\frac {x \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{2}+\frac {c \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {c \,a^{2}}\, x}{\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {c \,a^{2}}}\right )\right )-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{3 c \,x^{3}}+2 a^{3} \left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}-\sqrt {c}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )\right )-2 a^{3} \left (\sqrt {-c \,a^{2} \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}-2 c a \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )}-\frac {a c \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {c \,a^{2}}\, x}{\sqrt {-c \,a^{2} \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2}-2 c a \left (x -\frac {1}{a}\right )}}\right )}{\sqrt {c \,a^{2}}}\right )+2 a \left (-\frac {\left (-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c \right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}{2 c \,x^{2}}-\frac {a^{2} \left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}-\sqrt {c}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 c +2 \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {-a^{2} c \,x^{2}+c}}{x}\right )\right )}{2}\right )\) | \(317\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [A]
time = 0.48, size = 140, normalized size = 1.39 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt {a x + 1} \sqrt {-a x + 1} a^{2} \sqrt {c}}{x} + \frac {a^{4} c^{\frac {3}{2}} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} - \sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} + \sqrt {c}}\right ) - \frac {2 \, \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} a^{2} c}{x^{2}}}{2 \, a c} - \frac {{\left (2 \, a^{2} \sqrt {c} x^{2} + \sqrt {c}\right )} \sqrt {a x + 1} \sqrt {-a x + 1}}{3 \, x^{3}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 0.35, size = 164, normalized size = 1.62 \begin {gather*} \left [\frac {3 \, a^{3} \sqrt {c} x^{3} \log \left (-\frac {a^{2} c x^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} \sqrt {c} - 2 \, c}{x^{2}}\right ) - 2 \, \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} {\left (5 \, a^{2} x^{2} + 3 \, a x + 1\right )}}{6 \, x^{3}}, -\frac {3 \, a^{3} \sqrt {-c} x^{3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} \sqrt {-c}}{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right ) + \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c} {\left (5 \, a^{2} x^{2} + 3 \, a x + 1\right )}}{3 \, x^{3}}\right ] \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} - \int \frac {\sqrt {- a^{2} c x^{2} + c}}{a x^{5} - x^{4}}\, dx - \int \frac {a x \sqrt {- a^{2} c x^{2} + c}}{a x^{5} - x^{4}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 250 vs.
\(2 (85) = 170\).
time = 0.43, size = 250, normalized size = 2.48 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \, a^{3} c \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}}{\sqrt {-c}}\right )}{\sqrt {-c}} - \frac {2 \, {\left (3 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{5} a^{3} c - 3 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{4} a^{2} \sqrt {-c} c {\left | a \right |} + 12 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{2} a^{2} \sqrt {-c} c^{2} {\left | a \right |} - 3 \, {\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )} a^{3} c^{3} - 5 \, a^{2} \sqrt {-c} c^{3} {\left | a \right |}\right )}}{3 \, {\left ({\left (\sqrt {-a^{2} c} x - \sqrt {-a^{2} c x^{2} + c}\right )}^{2} - c\right )}^{3}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} -\int \frac {\sqrt {c-a^2\,c\,x^2}\,{\left (a\,x+1\right )}^2}{x^4\,\left (a^2\,x^2-1\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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