3.1.26 \(\int \log (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}) \, dx\) [26]

3.1.26.1 Optimal result
3.1.26.2 Mathematica [C] (verified)
3.1.26.3 Rubi [A] (verified)
3.1.26.4 Maple [B] (verified)
3.1.26.5 Fricas [B] (verification not implemented)
3.1.26.6 Sympy [F]
3.1.26.7 Maxima [F]
3.1.26.8 Giac [B] (verification not implemented)
3.1.26.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

3.1.26.1 Optimal result

Integrand size = 16, antiderivative size = 185 \[ \int \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \, dx=-2 x-\arcsin (x)+\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \arctan \left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )+\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x}{\sqrt {1-x^2}}\right )+\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \text {arctanh}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )-\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x}{\sqrt {1-x^2}}\right )+x \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \]

output
-2*x-arcsin(x)+x*ln(x^2+(-x^2+1)^(1/2))+1/2*arctanh(x*2^(1/2)/(5^(1/2)-1)^ 
(1/2))*(-2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2)-1/2*arctanh(1/2*x*(-2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2)/(-x^2+1 
)^(1/2))*(-2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2)+1/2*arctan(x*2^(1/2)/(5^(1/2)+1)^(1/2))*(2+2 
*5^(1/2))^(1/2)+1/2*arctan(1/2*x*(2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2)/(-x^2+1)^(1/2))*(2+2* 
5^(1/2))^(1/2)
 
3.1.26.2 Mathematica [C] (verified)

Result contains complex when optimal does not.

Time = 0.35 (sec) , antiderivative size = 920, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.97 \[ \int \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \, dx=\frac {-8 \sqrt {5} x-4 \sqrt {5} \arcsin (x)+5 \sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \arctan \left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )+\sqrt {10 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \arctan \left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )-\left (-5+\sqrt {5}\right ) \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \text {arctanh}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )-5 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (-\sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x\right )+3 \sqrt {5 \left (2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \log \left (-\sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x\right )+5 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x\right )-3 \sqrt {5 \left (2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \log \left (\sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x\right )-5 i \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (-i \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x\right )-3 i \sqrt {5 \left (-2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \log \left (-i \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x\right )+5 i \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (i \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x\right )+3 i \sqrt {5 \left (-2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \log \left (i \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )}+2 x\right )+4 \sqrt {5} x \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right )+5 i \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (4-2 i \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 \sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} \sqrt {1-x^2}\right )+3 i \sqrt {5 \left (-2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \log \left (4-2 i \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 \sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} \sqrt {1-x^2}\right )-5 i \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (4+2 i \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 \sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} \sqrt {1-x^2}\right )-3 i \sqrt {5 \left (-2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \log \left (4+2 i \sqrt {2 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 \sqrt {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} \sqrt {1-x^2}\right )-5 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (2 \left (2+\sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\left (-3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \left (-1+x^2\right )}\right )\right )+3 \sqrt {5 \left (2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \log \left (2 \left (2+\sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\left (-3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \left (-1+x^2\right )}\right )\right )+5 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}} \log \left (4-2 \sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\left (-3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \left (-1+x^2\right )}\right )-3 \sqrt {5 \left (2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \log \left (4-2 \sqrt {2 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x+2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\left (-3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \left (-1+x^2\right )}\right )}{4 \sqrt {5}} \]

input
Integrate[Log[x^2 + Sqrt[1 - x^2]],x]
 
output
(-8*Sqrt[5]*x - 4*Sqrt[5]*ArcSin[x] + 5*Sqrt[2*(-1 + Sqrt[5])]*ArcTan[Sqrt 
[2/(1 + Sqrt[5])]*x] + Sqrt[10*(-1 + Sqrt[5])]*ArcTan[Sqrt[2/(1 + Sqrt[5]) 
]*x] - (-5 + Sqrt[5])*Sqrt[2*(1 + Sqrt[5])]*ArcTanh[Sqrt[2/(-1 + Sqrt[5])] 
*x] - 5*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[5]]*Log[-Sqrt[2*(-1 + Sqrt[5])] + 2*x] + 3*Sqrt[5*(2 
 + Sqrt[5])]*Log[-Sqrt[2*(-1 + Sqrt[5])] + 2*x] + 5*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[5]]*Log[ 
Sqrt[2*(-1 + Sqrt[5])] + 2*x] - 3*Sqrt[5*(2 + Sqrt[5])]*Log[Sqrt[2*(-1 + S 
qrt[5])] + 2*x] - (5*I)*Sqrt[-2 + Sqrt[5]]*Log[(-I)*Sqrt[2*(1 + Sqrt[5])] 
+ 2*x] - (3*I)*Sqrt[5*(-2 + Sqrt[5])]*Log[(-I)*Sqrt[2*(1 + Sqrt[5])] + 2*x 
] + (5*I)*Sqrt[-2 + Sqrt[5]]*Log[I*Sqrt[2*(1 + Sqrt[5])] + 2*x] + (3*I)*Sq 
rt[5*(-2 + Sqrt[5])]*Log[I*Sqrt[2*(1 + Sqrt[5])] + 2*x] + 4*Sqrt[5]*x*Log[ 
x^2 + Sqrt[1 - x^2]] + (5*I)*Sqrt[-2 + Sqrt[5]]*Log[4 - (2*I)*Sqrt[2*(1 + 
Sqrt[5])]*x + 2*Sqrt[2*(3 + Sqrt[5])]*Sqrt[1 - x^2]] + (3*I)*Sqrt[5*(-2 + 
Sqrt[5])]*Log[4 - (2*I)*Sqrt[2*(1 + Sqrt[5])]*x + 2*Sqrt[2*(3 + Sqrt[5])]* 
Sqrt[1 - x^2]] - (5*I)*Sqrt[-2 + Sqrt[5]]*Log[4 + (2*I)*Sqrt[2*(1 + Sqrt[5 
])]*x + 2*Sqrt[2*(3 + Sqrt[5])]*Sqrt[1 - x^2]] - (3*I)*Sqrt[5*(-2 + Sqrt[5 
])]*Log[4 + (2*I)*Sqrt[2*(1 + Sqrt[5])]*x + 2*Sqrt[2*(3 + Sqrt[5])]*Sqrt[1 
 - x^2]] - 5*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[5]]*Log[2*(2 + Sqrt[2*(-1 + Sqrt[5])]*x + Sqrt[ 
2]*Sqrt[(-3 + Sqrt[5])*(-1 + x^2)])] + 3*Sqrt[5*(2 + Sqrt[5])]*Log[2*(2 + 
Sqrt[2*(-1 + Sqrt[5])]*x + Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[(-3 + Sqrt[5])*(-1 + x^2)])] + 5*S 
qrt[2 + Sqrt[5]]*Log[4 - 2*Sqrt[2*(-1 + Sqrt[5])]*x + 2*Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[(-...
 
3.1.26.3 Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 1.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 349, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.89, number of steps used = 3, number of rules used = 3, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.188, Rules used = {3028, 7293, 2009}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3028

\(\displaystyle x \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right )-\int \frac {x^2 \left (2-\frac {1}{\sqrt {1-x^2}}\right )}{x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}}dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 7293

\(\displaystyle x \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right )-\int \left (\frac {2 x^2}{x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}}-\frac {x^2}{\sqrt {1-x^2} x^2-x^2+1}\right )dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 2009

\(\displaystyle -\arcsin (x)+2 \sqrt {\frac {1}{5} \left (2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x}{\sqrt {1-x^2}}\right )-\sqrt {\frac {1}{10} \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} x}{\sqrt {1-x^2}}\right )+2 \sqrt {\frac {1}{5} \left (2+\sqrt {5}\right )} \arctan \left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )-\sqrt {\frac {1}{10} \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )} \arctan \left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )-\sqrt {\frac {1}{10} \left (\sqrt {5}-1\right )} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {5}-1\right )} x}{\sqrt {1-x^2}}\right )-2 \sqrt {\frac {1}{5} \left (\sqrt {5}-2\right )} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {5}-1\right )} x}{\sqrt {1-x^2}}\right )+\sqrt {\frac {1}{10} \left (\sqrt {5}-1\right )} \text {arctanh}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {5}-1}} x\right )+2 \sqrt {\frac {1}{5} \left (\sqrt {5}-2\right )} \text {arctanh}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{\sqrt {5}-1}} x\right )+x \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right )-2 x\)

input
Int[Log[x^2 + Sqrt[1 - x^2]],x]
 
output
-2*x - ArcSin[x] - Sqrt[(1 + Sqrt[5])/10]*ArcTan[Sqrt[2/(1 + Sqrt[5])]*x] 
+ 2*Sqrt[(2 + Sqrt[5])/5]*ArcTan[Sqrt[2/(1 + Sqrt[5])]*x] - Sqrt[(1 + Sqrt 
[5])/10]*ArcTan[(Sqrt[(1 + Sqrt[5])/2]*x)/Sqrt[1 - x^2]] + 2*Sqrt[(2 + Sqr 
t[5])/5]*ArcTan[(Sqrt[(1 + Sqrt[5])/2]*x)/Sqrt[1 - x^2]] + 2*Sqrt[(-2 + Sq 
rt[5])/5]*ArcTanh[Sqrt[2/(-1 + Sqrt[5])]*x] + Sqrt[(-1 + Sqrt[5])/10]*ArcT 
anh[Sqrt[2/(-1 + Sqrt[5])]*x] - 2*Sqrt[(-2 + Sqrt[5])/5]*ArcTanh[(Sqrt[(-1 
 + Sqrt[5])/2]*x)/Sqrt[1 - x^2]] - Sqrt[(-1 + Sqrt[5])/10]*ArcTanh[(Sqrt[( 
-1 + Sqrt[5])/2]*x)/Sqrt[1 - x^2]] + x*Log[x^2 + Sqrt[1 - x^2]]
 

3.1.26.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 2009
Int[u_, x_Symbol] :> Simp[IntSum[u, x], x] /; SumQ[u]
 

rule 3028
Int[Log[u_], x_Symbol] :> Simp[x*Log[u], x] - Int[SimplifyIntegrand[x*(D[u, 
 x]/u), x], x] /; InverseFunctionFreeQ[u, x]
 

rule 7293
Int[u_, x_Symbol] :> With[{v = ExpandIntegrand[u, x]}, Int[v, x] /; SumQ[v] 
]
 
3.1.26.4 Maple [B] (verified)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(468\) vs. \(2(138)=276\).

Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 469, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.54

method result size
parts \(x \ln \left (x^{2}+\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}\right )-\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}+1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {2+2 \sqrt {5}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}-1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {-2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {-2+2 \sqrt {5}}}+\arcsin \left (x \right )-\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}+1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}-1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}+\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}\, \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5}-\frac {2 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}\, \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5}+4 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x}\right )-2 x +\frac {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {2+2 \sqrt {5}}}-\frac {2 \left (\sqrt {5}-3\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {-2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {-2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\) \(469\)
default \(x \ln \left (x^{2}+\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}\right )-\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}+1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {2+2 \sqrt {5}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}-1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {-2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {-2+2 \sqrt {5}}}-2 x +\frac {2 \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {2+2 \sqrt {5}}}-\frac {2 \left (\sqrt {5}-3\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {-2+2 \sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {-2+2 \sqrt {5}}}-\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}-1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}+1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{5 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}-\arcsin \left (x \right )+\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}+1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}-\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}-1\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {5}-3\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \operatorname {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {-2+\sqrt {5}}}-\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2}+1}-1}{x \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {5}}}\) \(473\)

input
int(ln(x^2+(-x^2+1)^(1/2)),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 
output
x*ln(x^2+(-x^2+1)^(1/2))-1/5*(5^(1/2)+1)*5^(1/2)/(2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2)*arcta 
n(2*x/(2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2))+1/5*(5^(1/2)-1)*5^(1/2)/(-2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2)*ar 
ctanh(2*x/(-2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2))+arcsin(x)-1/10*(5^(1/2)+1)*5^(1/2)/(2+5^(1 
/2))^(1/2)*arctanh(((-x^2+1)^(1/2)-1)/x/(2+5^(1/2))^(1/2))+1/10*(5^(1/2)-1 
)*5^(1/2)/(-2+5^(1/2))^(1/2)*arctan(((-x^2+1)^(1/2)-1)/x/(-2+5^(1/2))^(1/2 
))-1/10*(5^(1/2)-3)*5^(1/2)/(-2+5^(1/2))^(1/2)*arctanh(((-x^2+1)^(1/2)-1)/ 
x/(-2+5^(1/2))^(1/2))+1/10*(3+5^(1/2))*5^(1/2)/(2+5^(1/2))^(1/2)*arctan((( 
-x^2+1)^(1/2)-1)/x/(2+5^(1/2))^(1/2))-2/5*5^(1/2)/(2+5^(1/2))^(1/2)*arctan 
h(((-x^2+1)^(1/2)-1)/x/(2+5^(1/2))^(1/2))-2/5*5^(1/2)/(-2+5^(1/2))^(1/2)*a 
rctan(((-x^2+1)^(1/2)-1)/x/(-2+5^(1/2))^(1/2))+2/5*(-2+5^(1/2))^(1/2)*5^(1 
/2)*arctanh(((-x^2+1)^(1/2)-1)/x/(-2+5^(1/2))^(1/2))-2/5*(2+5^(1/2))^(1/2) 
*5^(1/2)*arctan(((-x^2+1)^(1/2)-1)/x/(2+5^(1/2))^(1/2))+4*arctan(((-x^2+1) 
^(1/2)-1)/x)-2*x+2/5*(3+5^(1/2))*5^(1/2)/(2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2)*arctan(2*x/(2 
+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2))-2/5*(5^(1/2)-3)*5^(1/2)/(-2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2)*arctanh(2* 
x/(-2+2*5^(1/2))^(1/2))
 
3.1.26.5 Fricas [B] (verification not implemented)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 427 vs. \(2 (138) = 276\).

Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 427, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.31 \[ \int \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \, dx=x \log \left (x^{2} + \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1} \log \left (2 \, x + \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1}\right ) - \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1} \log \left (2 \, x - \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1} \log \left (2 \, x + \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1}\right ) - \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1} \log \left (2 \, x - \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1}\right ) - \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1} \log \left (-\frac {2 \, x^{2} + \sqrt {2} x \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1} - \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} {\left (\sqrt {2} x \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1} - 2\right )} - 2}{x^{2}}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1} \log \left (-\frac {2 \, x^{2} - \sqrt {2} x \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1} + \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} {\left (\sqrt {2} x \sqrt {-\sqrt {5} - 1} + 2\right )} - 2}{x^{2}}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1} \log \left (-\frac {2 \, x^{2} + {\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} x - \sqrt {2} x\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1} + 2 \, \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 2}{x^{2}}\right ) - \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1} \log \left (-\frac {2 \, x^{2} - {\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} x - \sqrt {2} x\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {5} - 1} + 2 \, \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 2}{x^{2}}\right ) - 2 \, x + 2 \, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1}{x}\right ) \]

input
integrate(log(x^2+(-x^2+1)^(1/2)),x, algorithm="fricas")
 
output
x*log(x^2 + sqrt(-x^2 + 1)) + 1/4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(sqrt(5) - 1)*log(2*x + sqrt 
(2)*sqrt(sqrt(5) - 1)) - 1/4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(sqrt(5) - 1)*log(2*x - sqrt(2)*s 
qrt(sqrt(5) - 1)) + 1/4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(-sqrt(5) - 1)*log(2*x + sqrt(2)*sqrt( 
-sqrt(5) - 1)) - 1/4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(-sqrt(5) - 1)*log(2*x - sqrt(2)*sqrt(-sq 
rt(5) - 1)) - 1/4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(-sqrt(5) - 1)*log(-(2*x^2 + sqrt(2)*x*sqrt( 
-sqrt(5) - 1) - sqrt(-x^2 + 1)*(sqrt(2)*x*sqrt(-sqrt(5) - 1) - 2) - 2)/x^2 
) + 1/4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(-sqrt(5) - 1)*log(-(2*x^2 - sqrt(2)*x*sqrt(-sqrt(5) - 
 1) + sqrt(-x^2 + 1)*(sqrt(2)*x*sqrt(-sqrt(5) - 1) + 2) - 2)/x^2) + 1/4*sq 
rt(2)*sqrt(sqrt(5) - 1)*log(-(2*x^2 + (sqrt(2)*sqrt(-x^2 + 1)*x - sqrt(2)* 
x)*sqrt(sqrt(5) - 1) + 2*sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 2)/x^2) - 1/4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(sqrt( 
5) - 1)*log(-(2*x^2 - (sqrt(2)*sqrt(-x^2 + 1)*x - sqrt(2)*x)*sqrt(sqrt(5) 
- 1) + 2*sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 2)/x^2) - 2*x + 2*arctan((sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 1)/x)
 
3.1.26.6 Sympy [F]

\[ \int \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \, dx=\int \log {\left (x^{2} + \sqrt {1 - x^{2}} \right )}\, dx \]

input
integrate(ln(x**2+(-x**2+1)**(1/2)),x)
 
output
Integral(log(x**2 + sqrt(1 - x**2)), x)
 
3.1.26.7 Maxima [F]

\[ \int \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \, dx=\int { \log \left (x^{2} + \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1}\right ) \,d x } \]

input
integrate(log(x^2+(-x^2+1)^(1/2)),x, algorithm="maxima")
 
output
x*log(x^2 + sqrt(x + 1)*sqrt(-x + 1)) - x - integrate((x^4 - 2*x^2)/(x^4 - 
 x^2 + (x^2 - 1)*e^(1/2*log(x + 1) + 1/2*log(-x + 1))), x) + 1/2*log(x + 1 
) - 1/2*log(-x + 1)
 
3.1.26.8 Giac [B] (verification not implemented)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 301 vs. \(2 (138) = 276\).

Time = 0.34 (sec) , antiderivative size = 301, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.63 \[ \int \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \, dx=x \log \left (x^{2} + \sqrt {-x^{2} + 1}\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \pi \mathrm {sgn}\left (x\right ) + \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} + 2} \arctan \left (\frac {x}{\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} + \frac {1}{2}}}\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} + 2} \arctan \left (-\frac {\frac {x}{\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1} - \frac {\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1}{x}}{\sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} + 2}}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} - 2} \log \left ({\left | x + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} - \frac {1}{2}} \right |}\right ) - \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} - 2} \log \left ({\left | x - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} - \frac {1}{2}} \right |}\right ) - \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} - 2} \log \left ({\left | \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} - 2} - \frac {x}{\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1} + \frac {\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1}{x} \right |}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} - 2} \log \left ({\left | -\sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {5} - 2} - \frac {x}{\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1} + \frac {\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1}{x} \right |}\right ) - 2 \, x - \arctan \left (-\frac {x {\left (\frac {{\left (\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1\right )}^{2}}{x^{2}} - 1\right )}}{2 \, {\left (\sqrt {-x^{2} + 1} - 1\right )}}\right ) \]

input
integrate(log(x^2+(-x^2+1)^(1/2)),x, algorithm="giac")
 
output
x*log(x^2 + sqrt(-x^2 + 1)) - 1/2*pi*sgn(x) + 1/2*sqrt(2*sqrt(5) + 2)*arct 
an(x/sqrt(1/2*sqrt(5) + 1/2)) - 1/2*sqrt(2*sqrt(5) + 2)*arctan(-(x/(sqrt(- 
x^2 + 1) - 1) - (sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 1)/x)/sqrt(2*sqrt(5) + 2)) + 1/4*sqrt(2* 
sqrt(5) - 2)*log(abs(x + sqrt(1/2*sqrt(5) - 1/2))) - 1/4*sqrt(2*sqrt(5) - 
2)*log(abs(x - sqrt(1/2*sqrt(5) - 1/2))) - 1/4*sqrt(2*sqrt(5) - 2)*log(abs 
(sqrt(2*sqrt(5) - 2) - x/(sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 1) + (sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 1)/x)) + 
 1/4*sqrt(2*sqrt(5) - 2)*log(abs(-sqrt(2*sqrt(5) - 2) - x/(sqrt(-x^2 + 1) 
- 1) + (sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 1)/x)) - 2*x - arctan(-1/2*x*((sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 1 
)^2/x^2 - 1)/(sqrt(-x^2 + 1) - 1))
 
3.1.26.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

Time = 2.15 (sec) , antiderivative size = 608, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.29 \[ \int \log \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right ) \, dx=x\,\ln \left (x^2+\sqrt {1-x^2}\right )-\mathrm {asin}\left (x\right )-2\,x+\frac {\ln \left (x-\frac {\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-1}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {5}{2}\right )}{2\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+4\,{\left (\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}\right )}^{3/2}}-\frac {\ln \left (x+\frac {\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {\sqrt {5}-1}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {5}{2}\right )}{2\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+4\,{\left (\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}\right )}^{3/2}}-\frac {\ln \left (x-\frac {\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-1}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+\frac {5}{2}\right )}{2\,\sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+4\,{\left (-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}\right )}^{3/2}}+\frac {\ln \left (x+\frac {\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {-\sqrt {5}-1}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+\frac {5}{2}\right )}{2\,\sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+4\,{\left (-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}\right )}^{3/2}}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {\frac {\left (x\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+1\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{\sqrt {\frac {3}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}}}+\sqrt {1-x^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{x+\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}}\right )\,\left (\frac {3\,\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {5}{2}\right )}{\left (2\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+4\,{\left (\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}\right )}^{3/2}\right )\,\sqrt {\frac {3}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}}}-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {\frac {\left (x\,\sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+1\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+\frac {3}{2}}}+\sqrt {1-x^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{x+\sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}}\right )\,\left (\frac {3\,\sqrt {5}}{2}+\frac {5}{2}\right )}{\left (2\,\sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+4\,{\left (-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}\right )}^{3/2}\right )\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+\frac {3}{2}}}-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {\frac {\left (x\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}-1\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{\sqrt {\frac {3}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}}}-\sqrt {1-x^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{x-\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}}\right )\,\left (\frac {3\,\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {5}{2}\right )}{\left (2\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+4\,{\left (\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}\right )}^{3/2}\right )\,\sqrt {\frac {3}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}}}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {\frac {\left (x\,\sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}-1\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+\frac {3}{2}}}-\sqrt {1-x^2}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{x-\sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}}\right )\,\left (\frac {3\,\sqrt {5}}{2}+\frac {5}{2}\right )}{\left (2\,\sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}}+4\,{\left (-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}-\frac {1}{2}\right )}^{3/2}\right )\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+\frac {3}{2}}} \]

input
int(log(x^2 + (1 - x^2)^(1/2)),x)
 
output
x*log(x^2 + (1 - x^2)^(1/2)) - asin(x) - 2*x + (log(x - (2^(1/2)*(5^(1/2) 
- 1)^(1/2))/2)*(5^(1/2)/2 - 5/2))/(2*(5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 4*(5^(1/2)/ 
2 - 1/2)^(3/2)) - (log(x + (2^(1/2)*(5^(1/2) - 1)^(1/2))/2)*(5^(1/2)/2 - 5 
/2))/(2*(5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 4*(5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(3/2)) - (log(x - (2 
^(1/2)*(- 5^(1/2) - 1)^(1/2))/2)*(5^(1/2)/2 + 5/2))/(2*(- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2) 
^(1/2) + 4*(- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(3/2)) + (log(x + (2^(1/2)*(- 5^(1/2) - 1)^ 
(1/2))/2)*(5^(1/2)/2 + 5/2))/(2*(- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 4*(- 5^(1/2)/2 
 - 1/2)^(3/2)) + (log((((x*(5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 1)*1i)/(3/2 - 5^(1/2) 
/2)^(1/2) + (1 - x^2)^(1/2)*1i)/(x + (5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2)))*((3*5^(1/2) 
)/2 - 5/2))/((2*(5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 4*(5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(3/2))*(3/2 
- 5^(1/2)/2)^(1/2)) - (log((((x*(- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 1)*1i)/(5^(1/2 
)/2 + 3/2)^(1/2) + (1 - x^2)^(1/2)*1i)/(x + (- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2)))*(( 
3*5^(1/2))/2 + 5/2))/((2*(- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 4*(- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2) 
^(3/2))*(5^(1/2)/2 + 3/2)^(1/2)) - (log((((x*(5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) - 1)* 
1i)/(3/2 - 5^(1/2)/2)^(1/2) - (1 - x^2)^(1/2)*1i)/(x - (5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^( 
1/2)))*((3*5^(1/2))/2 - 5/2))/((2*(5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 4*(5^(1/2)/2 - 
 1/2)^(3/2))*(3/2 - 5^(1/2)/2)^(1/2)) + (log((((x*(- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2 
) - 1)*1i)/(5^(1/2)/2 + 3/2)^(1/2) - (1 - x^2)^(1/2)*1i)/(x - (- 5^(1/2)/2 
 - 1/2)^(1/2)))*((3*5^(1/2))/2 + 5/2))/((2*(- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(1/2) + 4*( 
- 5^(1/2)/2 - 1/2)^(3/2))*(5^(1/2)/2 + 3/2)^(1/2))