Integrand size = 22, antiderivative size = 163 \[ \int \frac {x}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3} \left (1-\sqrt [3]{2} x\right )}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}}\right )}{3 \sqrt {3}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1+\sqrt {3}-x}{1-\sqrt {3}-x}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (1-\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \]
-2/9*2^(2/3)*arctanh((1-2^(1/3)*x)*3^(1/2)/(x^3-1)^(1/2))*3^(1/2)+2/9*(1-x )*EllipticF((1-x+3^(1/2))/(1-x-3^(1/2)),2*I-I*3^(1/2))*(1/2*6^(1/2)-1/2*2^ (1/2))*((x^2+x+1)/(1-x-3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)*3^(3/4)/(x^3-1)^(1/2)/((-1+x)/(1- x-3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 10.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 207, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.27 \[ \int \frac {x}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=\frac {2 \sqrt {\frac {1-x}{1+\sqrt [3]{-1}}} \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt [3]{-1}+x\right ) \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt [3]{-1}+(-1)^{2/3} x}{1+\sqrt [3]{-1}}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\sqrt {\frac {1-(-1)^{2/3} x}{1+\sqrt [3]{-1}}}\right ),\sqrt [3]{-1}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {1-(-1)^{2/3} x}{1+\sqrt [3]{-1}}}}+\frac {i 2^{2/3} \sqrt {1+x+x^2} \operatorname {EllipticPi}\left (\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{\sqrt [3]{-1}+2^{2/3}},\arcsin \left (\sqrt {\frac {1-(-1)^{2/3} x}{1+\sqrt [3]{-1}}}\right ),\sqrt [3]{-1}\right )}{\sqrt [3]{-1}+2^{2/3}}\right )}{\sqrt {-1+x^3}} \]
(2*Sqrt[(1 - x)/(1 + (-1)^(1/3))]*(-((((-1)^(1/3) + x)*Sqrt[((-1)^(1/3) + (-1)^(2/3)*x)/(1 + (-1)^(1/3))]*EllipticF[ArcSin[Sqrt[(1 - (-1)^(2/3)*x)/( 1 + (-1)^(1/3))]], (-1)^(1/3)])/Sqrt[(1 - (-1)^(2/3)*x)/(1 + (-1)^(1/3))]) + (I*2^(2/3)*Sqrt[1 + x + x^2]*EllipticPi[(I*Sqrt[3])/((-1)^(1/3) + 2^(2/ 3)), ArcSin[Sqrt[(1 - (-1)^(2/3)*x)/(1 + (-1)^(1/3))]], (-1)^(1/3)])/((-1) ^(1/3) + 2^(2/3))))/Sqrt[-1 + x^3]
Time = 0.44 (sec) , antiderivative size = 163, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.227, Rules used = {2564, 27, 760, 2562, 219}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {x}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {x^3-1}} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2564 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \int \frac {2^{2/3} \left (\sqrt [3]{2} x+1\right )}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {x^3-1}}dx-\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x^3-1}}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 27 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} 2^{2/3} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{2} x+1}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {x^3-1}}dx-\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x^3-1}}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 760 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} 2^{2/3} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{2} x+1}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {x^3-1}}dx+\frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x+\sqrt {3}+1}{-x-\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3-1}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2562 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x+\sqrt {3}+1}{-x-\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3-1}}-\frac {2}{3} 2^{2/3} \int \frac {1}{1-\frac {3 \left (1-\sqrt [3]{2} x\right )^2}{x^3-1}}d\frac {1-\sqrt [3]{2} x}{\sqrt {x^3-1}}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 219 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x+\sqrt {3}+1}{-x-\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7+4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {-\frac {1-x}{\left (-x-\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3-1}}-\frac {2\ 2^{2/3} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3} \left (1-\sqrt [3]{2} x\right )}{\sqrt {x^3-1}}\right )}{3 \sqrt {3}}\) |
(-2*2^(2/3)*ArcTanh[(Sqrt[3]*(1 - 2^(1/3)*x))/Sqrt[-1 + x^3]])/(3*Sqrt[3]) + (2*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*(1 - x)*Sqrt[(1 + x + x^2)/(1 - Sqrt[3] - x)^2]*El lipticF[ArcSin[(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)/(1 - Sqrt[3] - x)], -7 + 4*Sqrt[3]])/(3*3 ^(1/4)*Sqrt[-((1 - x)/(1 - Sqrt[3] - x)^2)]*Sqrt[-1 + x^3])
3.1.67.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] && !Ma tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))* ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (Gt Q[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numer[Rt[b/a, 3]], s = Denom[Rt[b/a, 3]]}, Simp[2*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*(s + r*x)*(Sqrt[(s^2 - r*s *x + r^2*x^2)/((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2]/(3^(1/4)*r*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]*Sqrt[(- s)*((s + r*x)/((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2)]))*EllipticF[ArcSin[((1 + Sqrt[3]) *s + r*x)/((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)], -7 + 4*Sqrt[3]], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x ] && NegQ[a]
Int[((e_) + (f_.)*(x_))/(((c_) + (d_.)*(x_))*Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3]), x_ Symbol] :> Simp[2*(e/d) Subst[Int[1/(1 + 3*a*x^2), x], x, (1 + 2*d*(x/c)) /Sqrt[a + b*x^3]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[d*e - c*f, 0] && EqQ[b*c^3 - 4*a*d^3, 0] && EqQ[2*d*e + c*f, 0]
Int[((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))/(((c_) + (d_.)*(x_))*Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3]), x _Symbol] :> Simp[(2*d*e + c*f)/(3*c*d) Int[1/Sqrt[a + b*x^3], x], x] + Si mp[(d*e - c*f)/(3*c*d) Int[(c - 2*d*x)/((c + d*x)*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]), x], x ] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[d*e - c*f, 0] && (EqQ[b*c^3 - 4*a* d^3, 0] || EqQ[b*c^3 + 8*a*d^3, 0]) && NeQ[2*d*e + c*f, 0]
Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 261 vs. \(2 (127 ) = 254\).
Time = 3.58 (sec) , antiderivative size = 262, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.61
| method | result | size |
| default | \(-\frac {2 \left (-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, F\left (\sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {x^{3}-1}}-\frac {2 \,2^{\frac {2}{3}} \left (-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \Pi \left (\sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-2^{\frac {2}{3}}+1}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {x^{3}-1}\, \left (-2^{\frac {2}{3}}+1\right )}\) | \(262\) |
| elliptic | \(-\frac {2 \left (-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, F\left (\sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {x^{3}-1}}-\frac {2 \,2^{\frac {2}{3}} \left (-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x +\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \Pi \left (\sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-2^{\frac {2}{3}}+1}, \sqrt {\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {x^{3}-1}\, \left (-2^{\frac {2}{3}}+1\right )}\) | \(262\) |
-2*(-3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2))*((x-1)/(-3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2)))^(1/2)*((x+1/2-1/2*I*3 ^(1/2))/(3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2)))^(1/2)*((x+1/2+1/2*I*3^(1/2))/(3/2+1/2*I*3^(1/ 2)))^(1/2)/(x^3-1)^(1/2)*EllipticF(((x-1)/(-3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2)))^(1/2),((3/ 2+1/2*I*3^(1/2))/(3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2)))^(1/2))-2*2^(2/3)*(-3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2) )*((x-1)/(-3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2)))^(1/2)*((x+1/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2))/(3/2-1/2*I*3^( 1/2)))^(1/2)*((x+1/2+1/2*I*3^(1/2))/(3/2+1/2*I*3^(1/2)))^(1/2)/(x^3-1)^(1/ 2)/(-2^(2/3)+1)*EllipticPi(((x-1)/(-3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2)))^(1/2),(3/2+1/2*I*3 ^(1/2))/(-2^(2/3)+1),((3/2+1/2*I*3^(1/2))/(3/2-1/2*I*3^(1/2)))^(1/2))
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.
Time = 0.12 (sec) , antiderivative size = 245, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.50 \[ \int \frac {x}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=\frac {1}{18} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {2}{3}} \log \left (\frac {x^{18} + 1440 \, x^{15} + 17400 \, x^{12} - 21056 \, x^{9} - 10368 \, x^{6} + 15360 \, x^{3} + 2 \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {2}{3}} {\left (126 \, x^{14} + 2664 \, x^{11} - 4608 \, x^{5} + 2304 \, x^{2} + 2^{\frac {2}{3}} {\left (x^{16} + 310 \, x^{13} + 2332 \, x^{10} - 2656 \, x^{7} - 256 \, x^{4} + 512 \, x\right )} + 2^{\frac {1}{3}} {\left (17 \, x^{15} + 1058 \, x^{12} + 2528 \, x^{9} - 5408 \, x^{6} + 2560 \, x^{3} - 512\right )}\right )} \sqrt {x^{3} - 1} + 24 \cdot 2^{\frac {2}{3}} {\left (x^{17} + 121 \, x^{14} + 478 \, x^{11} - 1144 \, x^{8} + 608 \, x^{5} - 64 \, x^{2}\right )} + 48 \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{3}} {\left (5 \, x^{16} + 176 \, x^{13} + 83 \, x^{10} - 680 \, x^{7} + 544 \, x^{4} - 128 \, x\right )} - 2048}{x^{18} - 24 \, x^{15} + 240 \, x^{12} - 1280 \, x^{9} + 3840 \, x^{6} - 6144 \, x^{3} + 4096}\right ) - \frac {2}{3} \, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (0, 4, x\right ) \]
1/18*sqrt(3)*2^(2/3)*log((x^18 + 1440*x^15 + 17400*x^12 - 21056*x^9 - 1036 8*x^6 + 15360*x^3 + 2*sqrt(3)*2^(2/3)*(126*x^14 + 2664*x^11 - 4608*x^5 + 2 304*x^2 + 2^(2/3)*(x^16 + 310*x^13 + 2332*x^10 - 2656*x^7 - 256*x^4 + 512* x) + 2^(1/3)*(17*x^15 + 1058*x^12 + 2528*x^9 - 5408*x^6 + 2560*x^3 - 512)) *sqrt(x^3 - 1) + 24*2^(2/3)*(x^17 + 121*x^14 + 478*x^11 - 1144*x^8 + 608*x ^5 - 64*x^2) + 48*2^(1/3)*(5*x^16 + 176*x^13 + 83*x^10 - 680*x^7 + 544*x^4 - 128*x) - 2048)/(x^18 - 24*x^15 + 240*x^12 - 1280*x^9 + 3840*x^6 - 6144* x^3 + 4096)) - 2/3*weierstrassPInverse(0, 4, x)
\[ \int \frac {x}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=- \int \frac {x}{x \sqrt {x^{3} - 1} - 2^{\frac {2}{3}} \sqrt {x^{3} - 1}}\, dx \]
\[ \int \frac {x}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=\int { -\frac {x}{\sqrt {x^{3} - 1} {\left (x - 2^{\frac {2}{3}}\right )}} \,d x } \]
Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {x}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: TypeError} \]
Exception raised: TypeError >> an error occurred running a Giac command:IN PUT:sage2:=int(sage0,sageVARx):;OUTPUT:Unable to divide, perhaps due to ro unding error%%%{1,[1]%%%} / %%%{%%{[1,0,0]:[1,0,0,-2]%%},[1]%%%} Error: Ba d Argumen
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {x}{\left (2^{2/3}-x\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^3}} \, dx=-\int \frac {x}{\sqrt {x^3-1}\,\left (x-2^{2/3}\right )} \,d x \]