Integrand size = 17, antiderivative size = 86 \[ \int \frac {x^6}{\left (-b+a x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {x^3 \sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}{4 a}-\frac {3 b \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{8 a^{7/4}}+\frac {3 b \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{8 a^{7/4}} \]
1/4*x^3*(a*x^4-b)^(1/4)/a-3/8*b*arctan(a^(1/4)*x/(a*x^4-b)^(1/4))/a^(7/4)+ 3/8*b*arctanh(a^(1/4)*x/(a*x^4-b)^(1/4))/a^(7/4)
Time = 0.32 (sec) , antiderivative size = 81, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.94 \[ \int \frac {x^6}{\left (-b+a x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {2 a^{3/4} x^3 \sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}-3 b \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )+3 b \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{-b+a x^4}}\right )}{8 a^{7/4}} \]
(2*a^(3/4)*x^3*(-b + a*x^4)^(1/4) - 3*b*ArcTan[(a^(1/4)*x)/(-b + a*x^4)^(1 /4)] + 3*b*ArcTanh[(a^(1/4)*x)/(-b + a*x^4)^(1/4)])/(8*a^(7/4))
Time = 0.21 (sec) , antiderivative size = 93, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.08, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.294, Rules used = {843, 854, 827, 216, 219}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x^6}{\left (a x^4-b\right )^{3/4}} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 843 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {3 b \int \frac {x^2}{\left (a x^4-b\right )^{3/4}}dx}{4 a}+\frac {x^3 \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}{4 a}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 854 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {3 b \int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {a x^4-b} \left (1-\frac {a x^4}{a x^4-b}\right )}d\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}}{4 a}+\frac {x^3 \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}{4 a}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 827 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {3 b \left (\frac {\int \frac {1}{1-\frac {\sqrt {a} x^2}{\sqrt {a x^4-b}}}d\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\frac {\sqrt {a} x^2}{\sqrt {a x^4-b}}+1}d\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {x^3 \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}{4 a}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 216 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {3 b \left (\frac {\int \frac {1}{1-\frac {\sqrt {a} x^2}{\sqrt {a x^4-b}}}d\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}-\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {x^3 \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}{4 a}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 219 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {3 b \left (\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}-\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}\right )}{2 a^{3/4}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {x^3 \sqrt [4]{a x^4-b}}{4 a}\) |
(x^3*(-b + a*x^4)^(1/4))/(4*a) + (3*b*(-1/2*ArcTan[(a^(1/4)*x)/(-b + a*x^4 )^(1/4)]/a^(3/4) + ArcTanh[(a^(1/4)*x)/(-b + a*x^4)^(1/4)]/(2*a^(3/4))))/( 4*a)
3.12.66.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[b, 2]))*A rcTan[Rt[b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a , 0] || GtQ[b, 0])
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))* ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (Gt Q[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
Int[(x_)^2/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[-a/b, 2]], s = Denominator[Rt[-a/b, 2]]}, Simp[s/(2*b) Int[1/(r + s*x^2), x], x] - Simp[s/(2*b) Int[1/(r - s*x^2), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && !GtQ [a/b, 0]
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c^(n - 1)*(c*x)^(m - n + 1)*((a + b*x^n)^(p + 1)/(b*(m + n*p + 1))), x] - Simp[ a*c^n*((m - n + 1)/(b*(m + n*p + 1))) Int[(c*x)^(m - n)*(a + b*x^n)^p, x] , x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && GtQ[m, n - 1] && NeQ[m + n* p + 1, 0] && IntBinomialQ[a, b, c, n, m, p, x]
Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a^(p + (m + 1)/n) Subst[Int[x^m/(1 - b*x^n)^(p + (m + 1)/n + 1), x], x, x/(a + b*x^n )^(1/n)], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && LtQ[-1, p, 0] && NeQ[p, - 2^(-1)] && IntegersQ[m, p + (m + 1)/n]
Time = 1.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 94, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.09
method | result | size |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {4 x^{3} \left (a \,x^{4}-b \right )^{\frac {1}{4}} a^{\frac {3}{4}}+3 \ln \left (\frac {-a^{\frac {1}{4}} x -\left (a \,x^{4}-b \right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{a^{\frac {1}{4}} x -\left (a \,x^{4}-b \right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}\right ) b +6 \arctan \left (\frac {\left (a \,x^{4}-b \right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}{a^{\frac {1}{4}} x}\right ) b}{16 a^{\frac {7}{4}}}\) | \(94\) |
1/16/a^(7/4)*(4*x^3*(a*x^4-b)^(1/4)*a^(3/4)+3*ln((-a^(1/4)*x-(a*x^4-b)^(1/ 4))/(a^(1/4)*x-(a*x^4-b)^(1/4)))*b+6*arctan(1/a^(1/4)/x*(a*x^4-b)^(1/4))*b )
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 211, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.45 \[ \int \frac {x^6}{\left (-b+a x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {4 \, {\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} + 3 \, a \left (\frac {b^{4}}{a^{7}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (\frac {3 \, {\left (a^{2} x \left (\frac {b^{4}}{a^{7}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} + {\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} b\right )}}{x}\right ) - 3 \, a \left (\frac {b^{4}}{a^{7}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (-\frac {3 \, {\left (a^{2} x \left (\frac {b^{4}}{a^{7}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} - {\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} b\right )}}{x}\right ) - 3 i \, a \left (\frac {b^{4}}{a^{7}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (-\frac {3 \, {\left (i \, a^{2} x \left (\frac {b^{4}}{a^{7}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} - {\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} b\right )}}{x}\right ) + 3 i \, a \left (\frac {b^{4}}{a^{7}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \log \left (-\frac {3 \, {\left (-i \, a^{2} x \left (\frac {b^{4}}{a^{7}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} - {\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} b\right )}}{x}\right )}{16 \, a} \]
1/16*(4*(a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)*x^3 + 3*a*(b^4/a^7)^(1/4)*log(3*(a^2*x*(b^4/a^7) ^(1/4) + (a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)*b)/x) - 3*a*(b^4/a^7)^(1/4)*log(-3*(a^2*x*(b^4/ a^7)^(1/4) - (a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)*b)/x) - 3*I*a*(b^4/a^7)^(1/4)*log(-3*(I*a^2 *x*(b^4/a^7)^(1/4) - (a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)*b)/x) + 3*I*a*(b^4/a^7)^(1/4)*log(- 3*(-I*a^2*x*(b^4/a^7)^(1/4) - (a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)*b)/x))/a
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.74 (sec) , antiderivative size = 41, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.48 \[ \int \frac {x^6}{\left (-b+a x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=- \frac {x^{7} e^{\frac {i \pi }{4}} \Gamma \left (\frac {7}{4}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {3}{4}, \frac {7}{4} \\ \frac {11}{4} \end {matrix}\middle | {\frac {a x^{4}}{b}} \right )}}{4 b^{\frac {3}{4}} \Gamma \left (\frac {11}{4}\right )} \]
Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 120, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.40 \[ \int \frac {x^6}{\left (-b+a x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\frac {3 \, {\left (\frac {2 \, b \arctan \left (\frac {{\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{a^{\frac {1}{4}} x}\right )}{a^{\frac {3}{4}}} - \frac {b \log \left (-\frac {a^{\frac {1}{4}} - \frac {{\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}}{a^{\frac {1}{4}} + \frac {{\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}}}{x}}\right )}{a^{\frac {3}{4}}}\right )}}{16 \, a} + \frac {{\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {1}{4}} b}{4 \, {\left (a^{2} - \frac {{\left (a x^{4} - b\right )} a}{x^{4}}\right )} x} \]
3/16*(2*b*arctan((a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)/(a^(1/4)*x))/a^(3/4) - b*log(-(a^(1/4) - (a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)/x)/(a^(1/4) + (a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)/x))/a^(3/4))/a + 1/4*( a*x^4 - b)^(1/4)*b/((a^2 - (a*x^4 - b)*a/x^4)*x)
\[ \int \frac {x^6}{\left (-b+a x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x^{6}}{{\left (a x^{4} - b\right )}^{\frac {3}{4}}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {x^6}{\left (-b+a x^4\right )^{3/4}} \, dx=\int \frac {x^6}{{\left (a\,x^4-b\right )}^{3/4}} \,d x \]