Integrand size = 13, antiderivative size = 104 \[ \int x^4 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \, dx=\frac {1}{18} \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \left (-x^2+3 x^5\right )+\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x}{x+2 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3}}\right )}{9 \sqrt {3}}+\frac {1}{27} \log \left (-x+\sqrt [3]{-1+x^3}\right )-\frac {1}{54} \log \left (x^2+x \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3}+\left (-1+x^3\right )^{2/3}\right ) \]
1/18*(x^3-1)^(1/3)*(3*x^5-x^2)+1/27*arctan(3^(1/2)*x/(x+2*(x^3-1)^(1/3)))* 3^(1/2)+1/27*ln(-x+(x^3-1)^(1/3))-1/54*ln(x^2+x*(x^3-1)^(1/3)+(x^3-1)^(2/3 ))
Time = 0.16 (sec) , antiderivative size = 99, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.95 \[ \int x^4 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \, dx=\frac {1}{54} \left (3 x^2 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \left (-1+3 x^3\right )+2 \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x}{x+2 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3}}\right )+2 \log \left (-x+\sqrt [3]{-1+x^3}\right )-\log \left (x^2+x \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3}+\left (-1+x^3\right )^{2/3}\right )\right ) \]
(3*x^2*(-1 + x^3)^(1/3)*(-1 + 3*x^3) + 2*Sqrt[3]*ArcTan[(Sqrt[3]*x)/(x + 2 *(-1 + x^3)^(1/3))] + 2*Log[-x + (-1 + x^3)^(1/3)] - Log[x^2 + x*(-1 + x^3 )^(1/3) + (-1 + x^3)^(2/3)])/54
Time = 0.19 (sec) , antiderivative size = 89, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.86, number of steps used = 3, number of rules used = 3, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.231, Rules used = {811, 843, 853}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int x^4 \sqrt [3]{x^3-1} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 811 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{6} x^5 \sqrt [3]{x^3-1}-\frac {1}{6} \int \frac {x^4}{\left (x^3-1\right )^{2/3}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 843 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{6} \left (-\frac {2}{3} \int \frac {x}{\left (x^3-1\right )^{2/3}}dx-\frac {1}{3} \sqrt [3]{x^3-1} x^2\right )+\frac {1}{6} \sqrt [3]{x^3-1} x^5\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 853 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{6} \left (-\frac {2}{3} \left (-\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [3]{x^3-1}}+1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{\sqrt {3}}-\frac {1}{2} \log \left (x-\sqrt [3]{x^3-1}\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3} \sqrt [3]{x^3-1} x^2\right )+\frac {1}{6} \sqrt [3]{x^3-1} x^5\) |
(x^5*(-1 + x^3)^(1/3))/6 + (-1/3*(x^2*(-1 + x^3)^(1/3)) - (2*(-(ArcTan[(1 + (2*x)/(-1 + x^3)^(1/3))/Sqrt[3]]/Sqrt[3]) - Log[x - (-1 + x^3)^(1/3)]/2) )/3)/6
3.15.71.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(c* x)^(m + 1)*((a + b*x^n)^p/(c*(m + n*p + 1))), x] + Simp[a*n*(p/(m + n*p + 1 )) Int[(c*x)^m*(a + b*x^n)^(p - 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, m}, x] && I GtQ[n, 0] && GtQ[p, 0] && NeQ[m + n*p + 1, 0] && IntBinomialQ[a, b, c, n, m , p, x]
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c^(n - 1)*(c*x)^(m - n + 1)*((a + b*x^n)^(p + 1)/(b*(m + n*p + 1))), x] - Simp[ a*c^n*((m - n + 1)/(b*(m + n*p + 1))) Int[(c*x)^(m - n)*(a + b*x^n)^p, x] , x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && GtQ[m, n - 1] && NeQ[m + n* p + 1, 0] && IntBinomialQ[a, b, c, n, m, p, x]
Int[(x_)/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3)^(2/3), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b, 3]}, Sim p[-ArcTan[(1 + 2*q*(x/(a + b*x^3)^(1/3)))/Sqrt[3]]/(Sqrt[3]*q^2), x] - Simp [Log[q*x - (a + b*x^3)^(1/3)]/(2*q^2), x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.
Time = 1.00 (sec) , antiderivative size = 33, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.32
method | result | size |
meijerg | \(\frac {\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{5} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [-\frac {1}{3}, \frac {5}{3}\right ], \left [\frac {8}{3}\right ], x^{3}\right )}{5 {\left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{3}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}\) | \(33\) |
risch | \(\frac {x^{2} \left (3 x^{3}-1\right ) \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{18}-\frac {{\left (-\operatorname {signum}\left (x^{3}-1\right )\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}} x^{2} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {2}{3}, \frac {2}{3}\right ], \left [\frac {5}{3}\right ], x^{3}\right )}{18 \operatorname {signum}\left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}\) | \(53\) |
pseudoelliptic | \(\frac {9 x^{5} \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-3 x^{2} \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}-2 \sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \left (x +2 \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}{3 x}\right )-\ln \left (\frac {x^{2}+x \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+\left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}{x^{2}}\right )+2 \ln \left (\frac {-x +\left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x}\right )}{54 \left (x^{2}+x \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+\left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}\right )^{2} {\left (-x +\left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}^{2}}\) | \(133\) |
trager | \(\frac {x^{2} \left (3 x^{3}-1\right ) \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{18}+\frac {\ln \left (-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x^{3}-3 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {2}{3}} x +\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x^{3}-3 x^{2} \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+x^{3}-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right )-1\right )}{27}+\frac {\operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \ln \left (2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right )^{2} x^{3}-3 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right ) \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{2}+5 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right ) x^{3}+3 x \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}-3 x^{2} \left (x^{3}-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}+2 x^{3}-2 \operatorname {RootOf}\left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}+\textit {\_Z} +1\right )-1\right )}{27}\) | \(185\) |
Time = 0.35 (sec) , antiderivative size = 96, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.92 \[ \int x^4 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \, dx=-\frac {1}{27} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3} x + 2 \, \sqrt {3} {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{3 \, x}\right ) + \frac {1}{18} \, {\left (3 \, x^{5} - x^{2}\right )} {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} + \frac {1}{27} \, \log \left (-\frac {x - {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x}\right ) - \frac {1}{54} \, \log \left (\frac {x^{2} + {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} x + {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}}}{x^{2}}\right ) \]
-1/27*sqrt(3)*arctan(1/3*(sqrt(3)*x + 2*sqrt(3)*(x^3 - 1)^(1/3))/x) + 1/18 *(3*x^5 - x^2)*(x^3 - 1)^(1/3) + 1/27*log(-(x - (x^3 - 1)^(1/3))/x) - 1/54 *log((x^2 + (x^3 - 1)^(1/3)*x + (x^3 - 1)^(2/3))/x^2)
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 1.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 32, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.31 \[ \int x^4 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \, dx=\frac {x^{5} e^{\frac {i \pi }{3}} \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{3}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} - \frac {1}{3}, \frac {5}{3} \\ \frac {8}{3} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{3}} \right )}}{3 \Gamma \left (\frac {8}{3}\right )} \]
Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 121, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.16 \[ \int x^4 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \, dx=-\frac {1}{27} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} {\left (\frac {2 \, {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x} + 1\right )}\right ) - \frac {\frac {2 \, {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x} + \frac {{\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {4}{3}}}{x^{4}}}{18 \, {\left (\frac {2 \, {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}}{x^{3}} - \frac {{\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{2}}{x^{6}} - 1\right )}} - \frac {1}{54} \, \log \left (\frac {{\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x} + \frac {{\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}}}{x^{2}} + 1\right ) + \frac {1}{27} \, \log \left (\frac {{\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}}}{x} - 1\right ) \]
-1/27*sqrt(3)*arctan(1/3*sqrt(3)*(2*(x^3 - 1)^(1/3)/x + 1)) - 1/18*(2*(x^3 - 1)^(1/3)/x + (x^3 - 1)^(4/3)/x^4)/(2*(x^3 - 1)/x^3 - (x^3 - 1)^2/x^6 - 1) - 1/54*log((x^3 - 1)^(1/3)/x + (x^3 - 1)^(2/3)/x^2 + 1) + 1/27*log((x^3 - 1)^(1/3)/x - 1)
\[ \int x^4 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \, dx=\int { {\left (x^{3} - 1\right )}^{\frac {1}{3}} x^{4} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int x^4 \sqrt [3]{-1+x^3} \, dx=\int x^4\,{\left (x^3-1\right )}^{1/3} \,d x \]