Integrand size = 17, antiderivative size = 491 \[ \int \frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{3 x^3}+\frac {b \left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{4 a x}-\frac {b \sqrt {-\frac {b x^2}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {-a+b x^2}}} \left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8} \sqrt {\frac {\left (\sqrt [4]{a}+\sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}\right )^2}{\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {-\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {2}-\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-a+b x^2}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}}}\right ),-2 \left (1-\sqrt {2}\right )\right )}{8 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {2}} a^{3/4} x \left (\sqrt [4]{a}+\sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}\right )}-\frac {b \sqrt {-\frac {b x^2}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {-a+b x^2}}} \left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8} \sqrt {-\frac {\left (\sqrt [4]{a}-\sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}\right )^2}{\sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {\frac {\sqrt [4]{a} \left (\sqrt {2}+\frac {2 \sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-a+b x^2}}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}}}\right ),-2 \left (1-\sqrt {2}\right )\right )}{8 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {2}} a^{3/4} x \left (\sqrt [4]{a}-\sqrt [4]{-a+b x^2}\right )} \] Output:
-1/3*(b*x^2-a)^(3/8)/x^3+1/4*b*(b*x^2-a)^(3/8)/a/x-1/8*b*(-b*x^2/a^(1/2)/( b*x^2-a)^(1/2))^(1/2)*(b*x^2-a)^(3/8)*((a^(1/4)+(b*x^2-a)^(1/4))^2/a^(1/4) /(b*x^2-a)^(1/4))^(1/2)*EllipticF(1/2*(-a^(1/4)*(2^(1/2)-2*(b*x^2-a)^(1/4) /a^(1/4)+2^(1/2)*(b*x^2-a)^(1/2)/a^(1/2))/(b*x^2-a)^(1/4))^(1/2),(-2+2*2^( 1/2))^(1/2))/(2+2^(1/2))^(1/2)/a^(3/4)/x/(a^(1/4)+(b*x^2-a)^(1/4))-1/8*b*( -b*x^2/a^(1/2)/(b*x^2-a)^(1/2))^(1/2)*(b*x^2-a)^(3/8)*(-(a^(1/4)-(b*x^2-a) ^(1/4))^2/a^(1/4)/(b*x^2-a)^(1/4))^(1/2)*EllipticF(1/2*(a^(1/4)*(2^(1/2)+2 *(b*x^2-a)^(1/4)/a^(1/4)+2^(1/2)*(b*x^2-a)^(1/2)/a^(1/2))/(b*x^2-a)^(1/4)) ^(1/2),(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))/(2+2^(1/2))^(1/2)/a^(3/4)/x/(a^(1/4)-(b*x^2-a )^(1/4))
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in optimal.
Time = 10.01 (sec) , antiderivative size = 53, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.11 \[ \int \frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8} \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (-\frac {3}{2},-\frac {3}{8},-\frac {1}{2},\frac {b x^2}{a}\right )}{3 x^3 \left (1-\frac {b x^2}{a}\right )^{3/8}} \] Input:
Integrate[(-a + b*x^2)^(3/8)/x^4,x]
Output:
-1/3*((-a + b*x^2)^(3/8)*Hypergeometric2F1[-3/2, -3/8, -1/2, (b*x^2)/a])/( x^3*(1 - (b*x^2)/a)^(3/8))
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in optimal.
Time = 0.16 (sec) , antiderivative size = 53, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.11, number of steps used = 2, number of rules used = 2, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.118, Rules used = {279, 278}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {\left (b x^2-a\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 279 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\left (b x^2-a\right )^{3/8} \int \frac {\left (1-\frac {b x^2}{a}\right )^{3/8}}{x^4}dx}{\left (1-\frac {b x^2}{a}\right )^{3/8}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 278 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {\left (b x^2-a\right )^{3/8} \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (-\frac {3}{2},-\frac {3}{8},-\frac {1}{2},\frac {b x^2}{a}\right )}{3 x^3 \left (1-\frac {b x^2}{a}\right )^{3/8}}\) |
Input:
Int[(-a + b*x^2)^(3/8)/x^4,x]
Output:
-1/3*((-a + b*x^2)^(3/8)*Hypergeometric2F1[-3/2, -3/8, -1/2, (b*x^2)/a])/( x^3*(1 - (b*x^2)/a)^(3/8))
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a^p*(( c*x)^(m + 1)/(c*(m + 1)))*Hypergeometric2F1[-p, (m + 1)/2, (m + 1)/2 + 1, ( -b)*(x^2/a)], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, m, p}, x] && !IGtQ[p, 0] && (ILtQ[p, 0 ] || GtQ[a, 0])
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a^IntP art[p]*((a + b*x^2)^FracPart[p]/(1 + b*(x^2/a))^FracPart[p]) Int[(c*x)^m* (1 + b*(x^2/a))^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, m, p}, x] && !IGtQ[p, 0] && !(ILtQ[p, 0] || GtQ[a, 0])
\[\int \frac {\left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {3}{8}}}{x^{4}}d x\]
Input:
int((b*x^2-a)^(3/8)/x^4,x)
Output:
int((b*x^2-a)^(3/8)/x^4,x)
\[ \int \frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (b x^{2} - a\right )}^{\frac {3}{8}}}{x^{4}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate((b*x^2-a)^(3/8)/x^4,x, algorithm="fricas")
Output:
integral((b*x^2 - a)^(3/8)/x^4, x)
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.74 (sec) , antiderivative size = 36, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.07 \[ \int \frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx=\frac {a^{\frac {3}{8}} e^{- \frac {5 i \pi }{8}} {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} - \frac {3}{2}, - \frac {3}{8} \\ - \frac {1}{2} \end {matrix}\middle | {\frac {b x^{2}}{a}} \right )}}{3 x^{3}} \] Input:
integrate((b*x**2-a)**(3/8)/x**4,x)
Output:
a**(3/8)*exp(-5*I*pi/8)*hyper((-3/2, -3/8), (-1/2,), b*x**2/a)/(3*x**3)
\[ \int \frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (b x^{2} - a\right )}^{\frac {3}{8}}}{x^{4}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate((b*x^2-a)^(3/8)/x^4,x, algorithm="maxima")
Output:
integrate((b*x^2 - a)^(3/8)/x^4, x)
\[ \int \frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (b x^{2} - a\right )}^{\frac {3}{8}}}{x^{4}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate((b*x^2-a)^(3/8)/x^4,x, algorithm="giac")
Output:
integrate((b*x^2 - a)^(3/8)/x^4, x)
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx=\int \frac {{\left (b\,x^2-a\right )}^{3/8}}{x^4} \,d x \] Input:
int((b*x^2 - a)^(3/8)/x^4,x)
Output:
int((b*x^2 - a)^(3/8)/x^4, x)
\[ \int \frac {\left (-a+b x^2\right )^{3/8}}{x^4} \, dx=\frac {144 \left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {1}{8}} a^{2}+36 \left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {1}{8}} a b \,x^{2}-100 \left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {1}{8}} b^{2} x^{4}+225 \left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \left (\int \frac {x^{2}}{\left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {5}{8}} a -\left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {5}{8}} b \,x^{2}}d x \right ) b^{3} x^{3}-325 \left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \left (\int \frac {1}{\left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {5}{8}} a -\left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {5}{8}} b \,x^{2}}d x \right ) a \,b^{2} x^{3}}{432 \left (b \,x^{2}-a \right )^{\frac {3}{4}} a \,x^{3}} \] Input:
int((b*x^2-a)^(3/8)/x^4,x)
Output:
(144*( - a + b*x**2)**(1/8)*a**2 + 36*( - a + b*x**2)**(1/8)*a*b*x**2 - 10 0*( - a + b*x**2)**(1/8)*b**2*x**4 + 225*( - a + b*x**2)**(3/4)*int(x**2/( ( - a + b*x**2)**(5/8)*a - ( - a + b*x**2)**(5/8)*b*x**2),x)*b**3*x**3 - 3 25*( - a + b*x**2)**(3/4)*int(1/(( - a + b*x**2)**(5/8)*a - ( - a + b*x**2 )**(5/8)*b*x**2),x)*a*b**2*x**3)/(432*( - a + b*x**2)**(3/4)*a*x**3)