\(\int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx\) [247]

Optimal result

Integrand size = 11, antiderivative size = 224 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx=\frac {2 \sqrt {1+x^3}}{1+\sqrt {3}+x}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1+x) \sqrt {\frac {1-x+x^2}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}+x\right )^2}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1-\sqrt {3}+x}{1+\sqrt {3}+x}\right )|-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {1+x}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}+x\right )^2}} \sqrt {1+x^3}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2} (1+x) \sqrt {\frac {1-x+x^2}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}+x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1-\sqrt {3}+x}{1+\sqrt {3}+x}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {\frac {1+x}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}+x\right )^2}} \sqrt {1+x^3}} \] Output:

2*(x^3+1)^(1/2)/(1+x+3^(1/2))-3^(1/4)*(1/2*6^(1/2)-1/2*2^(1/2))*(1+x)*((x^ 
2-x+1)/(1+x+3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)*EllipticE((1+x-3^(1/2))/(1+x+3^(1/2)),I*3^(1 
/2)+2*I)/((1+x)/(1+x+3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)/(x^3+1)^(1/2)+2/3*2^(1/2)*(1+x)*((x 
^2-x+1)/(1+x+3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)*EllipticF((1+x-3^(1/2))/(1+x+3^(1/2)),I*3^( 
1/2)+2*I)*3^(3/4)/((1+x)/(1+x+3^(1/2))^2)^(1/2)/(x^3+1)^(1/2)
 

Mathematica [C] (verified)

Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in optimal.

Time = 10.01 (sec) , antiderivative size = 22, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.10 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx=\frac {1}{2} x^2 \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (\frac {1}{2},\frac {2}{3},\frac {5}{3},-x^3\right ) \] Input:

Integrate[x/Sqrt[1 + x^3],x]
 

Output:

(x^2*Hypergeometric2F1[1/2, 2/3, 5/3, -x^3])/2
 

Rubi [A] (warning: unable to verify)

Time = 0.51 (sec) , antiderivative size = 239, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.07, number of steps used = 3, number of rules used = 3, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.273, Rules used = {832, 759, 2416}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {x^3+1}} \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 832

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x-\sqrt {3}+1}{\sqrt {x^3+1}}dx-\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x^3+1}}dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 759

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x-\sqrt {3}+1}{\sqrt {x^3+1}}dx-\frac {2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {2+\sqrt {3}} (x+1) \sqrt {\frac {x^2-x+1}{\left (x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {x-\sqrt {3}+1}{x+\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {\frac {x+1}{\left (x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3+1}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 2416

\(\displaystyle -\frac {2 \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {2+\sqrt {3}} (x+1) \sqrt {\frac {x^2-x+1}{\left (x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {x-\sqrt {3}+1}{x+\sqrt {3}+1}\right ),-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {\frac {x+1}{\left (x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3+1}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (x+1) \sqrt {\frac {x^2-x+1}{\left (x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {x-\sqrt {3}+1}{x+\sqrt {3}+1}\right )|-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {x+1}{\left (x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {x^3+1}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {x^3+1}}{x+\sqrt {3}+1}\)

Input:

Int[x/Sqrt[1 + x^3],x]
 

Output:

(2*Sqrt[1 + x^3])/(1 + Sqrt[3] + x) - (3^(1/4)*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*(1 + x)*S 
qrt[(1 - x + x^2)/(1 + Sqrt[3] + x)^2]*EllipticE[ArcSin[(1 - Sqrt[3] + x)/ 
(1 + Sqrt[3] + x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]])/(Sqrt[(1 + x)/(1 + Sqrt[3] + x)^2]*Sq 
rt[1 + x^3]) - (2*(1 - Sqrt[3])*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[3]]*(1 + x)*Sqrt[(1 - x + x^ 
2)/(1 + Sqrt[3] + x)^2]*EllipticF[ArcSin[(1 - Sqrt[3] + x)/(1 + Sqrt[3] + 
x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]])/(3^(1/4)*Sqrt[(1 + x)/(1 + Sqrt[3] + x)^2]*Sqrt[1 + 
x^3])
 

Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 759

Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numer[Rt[b/a, 3]], 
s = Denom[Rt[b/a, 3]]}, Simp[2*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[3]]*(s + r*x)*(Sqrt[(s^2 - r*s 
*x + r^2*x^2)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2]/(3^(1/4)*r*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]*Sqrt[s* 
((s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2)]))*EllipticF[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s 
+ r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] & 
& PosQ[a]
 

rule 832

Int[(x_)/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numer[Rt[b/a, 3] 
], s = Denom[Rt[b/a, 3]]}, Simp[(-(1 - Sqrt[3]))*(s/r)   Int[1/Sqrt[a + b*x 
^3], x], x] + Simp[1/r   Int[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/Sqrt[a + b*x^3], x], x 
]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a]
 

rule 2416

Int[((c_) + (d_.)*(x_))/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = N 
umer[Simplify[(1 - Sqrt[3])*(d/c)]], s = Denom[Simplify[(1 - Sqrt[3])*(d/c) 
]]}, Simp[2*d*s^3*(Sqrt[a + b*x^3]/(a*r^2*((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x))), x] - S 
imp[3^(1/4)*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*d*s*(s + r*x)*(Sqrt[(s^2 - r*s*x + r^2*x^2)/( 
(1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2]/(r^2*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]*Sqrt[s*((s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt 
[3])*s + r*x)^2)]))*EllipticE[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3]) 
*s + r*x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && PosQ[a] && Eq 
Q[b*c^3 - 2*(5 - 3*Sqrt[3])*a*d^3, 0]
 

Maple [C] (verified)

Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4.

Time = 0.84 (sec) , antiderivative size = 17, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.08

method	result	size
meijerg	\(\frac {x^{2} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {1}{2}, \frac {2}{3}\right ], \left [\frac {5}{3}\right ], -x^{3}\right )}{2}\)	\(17\)
default	\(\frac {2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\sqrt {\frac {1+x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )+\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\sqrt {\frac {1+x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {x^{3}+1}}\)	\(173\)
elliptic	\(\frac {2 \left (\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\sqrt {\frac {1+x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )+\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\sqrt {\frac {1+x}{\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}, \sqrt {\frac {-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {x^{3}+1}}\)	\(173\)

Input:

int(x/(x^3+1)^(1/2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 

Output:

1/2*x^2*hypergeom([1/2,2/3],[5/3],-x^3)
 

Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 9, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.04 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx=-2 \, {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (0, -4, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (0, -4, x\right )\right ) \] Input:

integrate(x/(x^3+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")
 

Output:

-2*weierstrassZeta(0, -4, weierstrassPInverse(0, -4, x))
 

Sympy [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.34 (sec) , antiderivative size = 29, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.13 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx=\frac {x^{2} \Gamma \left (\frac {2}{3}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{2}, \frac {2}{3} \\ \frac {5}{3} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{3} e^{i \pi }} \right )}}{3 \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{3}\right )} \] Input:

integrate(x/(x**3+1)**(1/2),x)
 

Output:

x**2*gamma(2/3)*hyper((1/2, 2/3), (5/3,), x**3*exp_polar(I*pi))/(3*gamma(5 
/3))
 

Maxima [F]

\[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x}{\sqrt {x^{3} + 1}} \,d x } \] Input:

integrate(x/(x^3+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")
 

Output:

integrate(x/sqrt(x^3 + 1), x)
 

Giac [F]

\[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {x}{\sqrt {x^{3} + 1}} \,d x } \] Input:

integrate(x/(x^3+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")
 

Output:

integrate(x/sqrt(x^3 + 1), x)
 

Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.14 (sec) , antiderivative size = 214, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.96 \[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {2\,\left (\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\mathrm {F}\left (\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {\frac {x+1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )-\left (-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\mathrm {E}\left (\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {\frac {x+1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )\right )\,\left (\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {\frac {x-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {x+1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {\frac {1}{2}-x+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}}{\sqrt {x^3+\left (-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )-1\right )\,x-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}} \] Input:

int(x/(x^3 + 1)^(1/2),x)
 

Output:

-(2*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*ellipticF(asin(((x + 1)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2) 
)^(1/2)), -((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2)) - ((3^(1/2)*1i)/ 
2 - 3/2)*ellipticE(asin(((x + 1)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^(1/2)), -((3^(1/2 
)*1i)/2 + 3/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2)))*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2)*((x + (3^(1 
/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2))^(1/2)*((x + 1)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 
3/2))^(1/2)*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - x + 1/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^(1/2))/(x^ 
3 - x*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2) + 1) - ((3^(1/2)*1i)/ 
2 - 1/2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2))^(1/2)
 

Reduce [F]

\[ \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {1+x^3}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {x^{3}+1}\, x}{x^{3}+1}d x \] Input:

int(x/(x^3+1)^(1/2),x)
 

Output:

int((sqrt(x**3 + 1)*x)/(x**3 + 1),x)