Integrand size = 26, antiderivative size = 375 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {(A b-a B) \arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{b} (b c-a d)}+\frac {(A b-a B) \arctan \left (1+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{b} (b c-a d)}-\frac {(B c-A d) \arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} c^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{d} (b c-a d)}+\frac {(B c-A d) \arctan \left (1+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} c^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{d} (b c-a d)}+\frac {(A b-a B) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{b} (b c-a d)}+\frac {(B c-A d) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^2}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} c^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{d} (b c-a d)} \] Output:
1/4*(A*b-B*a)*arctan(-1+2^(1/2)*b^(1/4)*x/a^(1/4))*2^(1/2)/a^(3/4)/b^(1/4) /(-a*d+b*c)+1/4*(A*b-B*a)*arctan(1+2^(1/2)*b^(1/4)*x/a^(1/4))*2^(1/2)/a^(3 /4)/b^(1/4)/(-a*d+b*c)+1/4*(-A*d+B*c)*arctan(-1+2^(1/2)*d^(1/4)*x/c^(1/4)) *2^(1/2)/c^(3/4)/d^(1/4)/(-a*d+b*c)+1/4*(-A*d+B*c)*arctan(1+2^(1/2)*d^(1/4 )*x/c^(1/4))*2^(1/2)/c^(3/4)/d^(1/4)/(-a*d+b*c)+1/4*(A*b-B*a)*arctanh(2^(1 /2)*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)*x/(a^(1/2)+b^(1/2)*x^2))*2^(1/2)/a^(3/4)/b^(1/4)/(-a*d +b*c)+1/4*(-A*d+B*c)*arctanh(2^(1/2)*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4)*x/(c^(1/2)+d^(1/2)*x^ 2))*2^(1/2)/c^(3/4)/d^(1/4)/(-a*d+b*c)
Time = 0.21 (sec) , antiderivative size = 414, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.10 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\frac {-2 (A b-a B) c^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{d} \arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )+2 (A b-a B) c^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{d} \arctan \left (1+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )-2 a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{b} (B c-A d) \arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )+2 a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{b} (B c-A d) \arctan \left (1+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )-(A b-a B) c^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{d} \log \left (\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} x+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )+(A b-a B) c^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{d} \log \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} x+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )-a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{b} (B c-A d) \log \left (\sqrt {c}-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} x+\sqrt {d} x^2\right )+a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{b} (B c-A d) \log \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} x+\sqrt {d} x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt {2} a^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{b} c^{3/4} \sqrt [4]{d} (b c-a d)} \] Input:
Integrate[(A + B*x^4)/((a + b*x^4)*(c + d*x^4)),x]
Output:
(-2*(A*b - a*B)*c^(3/4)*d^(1/4)*ArcTan[1 - (Sqrt[2]*b^(1/4)*x)/a^(1/4)] + 2*(A*b - a*B)*c^(3/4)*d^(1/4)*ArcTan[1 + (Sqrt[2]*b^(1/4)*x)/a^(1/4)] - 2* a^(3/4)*b^(1/4)*(B*c - A*d)*ArcTan[1 - (Sqrt[2]*d^(1/4)*x)/c^(1/4)] + 2*a^ (3/4)*b^(1/4)*(B*c - A*d)*ArcTan[1 + (Sqrt[2]*d^(1/4)*x)/c^(1/4)] - (A*b - a*B)*c^(3/4)*d^(1/4)*Log[Sqrt[a] - Sqrt[2]*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[b]*x^ 2] + (A*b - a*B)*c^(3/4)*d^(1/4)*Log[Sqrt[a] + Sqrt[2]*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[b]*x^2] - a^(3/4)*b^(1/4)*(B*c - A*d)*Log[Sqrt[c] - Sqrt[2]*c^(1/4)* d^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[d]*x^2] + a^(3/4)*b^(1/4)*(B*c - A*d)*Log[Sqrt[c] + Sqrt[ 2]*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[d]*x^2])/(4*Sqrt[2]*a^(3/4)*b^(1/4)*c^(3/4)*d^ (1/4)*(b*c - a*d))
Time = 1.05 (sec) , antiderivative size = 439, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.17, number of steps used = 10, number of rules used = 9, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.346, Rules used = {1020, 755, 1476, 1082, 217, 1479, 25, 27, 1103}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1020 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \int \frac {1}{b x^4+a}dx}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \int \frac {1}{d x^4+c}dx}{b c-a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 755 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \left (\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {b} x^2}{b x^4+a}dx}{2 \sqrt {a}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {b} x^2+\sqrt {a}}{b x^4+a}dx}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \left (\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {c}-\sqrt {d} x^2}{d x^4+c}dx}{2 \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {d} x^2+\sqrt {c}}{d x^4+c}dx}{2 \sqrt {c}}\right )}{b c-a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1476 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \left (\frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{x^2-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}}dx}{2 \sqrt {b}}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{x^2+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}}dx}{2 \sqrt {b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {b} x^2}{b x^4+a}dx}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \left (\frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{x^2-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {d}}}dx}{2 \sqrt {d}}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{x^2+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {d}}}dx}{2 \sqrt {d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {c}-\sqrt {d} x^2}{d x^4+c}dx}{2 \sqrt {c}}\right )}{b c-a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1082 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \left (\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {b} x^2}{b x^4+a}dx}{2 \sqrt {a}}+\frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{-\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )^2-1}d\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{-\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+1\right )^2-1}d\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \left (\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {c}-\sqrt {d} x^2}{d x^4+c}dx}{2 \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{-\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )^2-1}d\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{-\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}+1\right )^2-1}d\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}\right )}{b c-a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 217 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \left (\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {a}-\sqrt {b} x^2}{b x^4+a}dx}{2 \sqrt {a}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \left (\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {c}-\sqrt {d} x^2}{d x^4+c}dx}{2 \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}\right )}{b c-a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1479 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \left (\frac {-\frac {\int -\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a}-2 \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{b} \left (x^2-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}-\frac {\int -\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x+\sqrt [4]{a}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{b} \left (x^2+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \left (\frac {-\frac {\int -\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c}-2 \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{d} \left (x^2-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {d}}\right )}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}-\frac {\int -\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x+\sqrt [4]{c}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{d} \left (x^2+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {d}}\right )}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}\right )}{b c-a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 25 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \left (\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a}-2 \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{b} \left (x^2-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x+\sqrt [4]{a}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{b} \left (x^2+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}\right )}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \left (\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c}-2 \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{d} \left (x^2-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {d}}\right )}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x+\sqrt [4]{c}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{d} \left (x^2+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {d}}\right )}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}\right )}{b c-a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 27 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \left (\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a}-2 \sqrt [4]{b} x}{x^2-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {b}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x+\sqrt [4]{a}}{x^2+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} x}{\sqrt [4]{b}}+\frac {\sqrt {a}}{\sqrt {b}}}dx}{2 \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt {b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \left (\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c}-2 \sqrt [4]{d} x}{x^2-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {d}}}dx}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {d}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x+\sqrt [4]{c}}{x^2+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{d}}+\frac {\sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {d}}}dx}{2 \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}\right )}{b c-a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1103 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {(A b-a B) \left (\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{b} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}+\frac {\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} x+\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}-\frac {\log \left (-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b} x+\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {b} x^2\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{a} \sqrt [4]{b}}}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right )}{b c-a d}+\frac {(B c-A d) \left (\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{d} x}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}+\frac {\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} x+\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^2\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}-\frac {\log \left (-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} x+\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^2\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d}}}{2 \sqrt {c}}\right )}{b c-a d}\) |
Input:
Int[(A + B*x^4)/((a + b*x^4)*(c + d*x^4)),x]
Output:
((A*b - a*B)*((-(ArcTan[1 - (Sqrt[2]*b^(1/4)*x)/a^(1/4)]/(Sqrt[2]*a^(1/4)* b^(1/4))) + ArcTan[1 + (Sqrt[2]*b^(1/4)*x)/a^(1/4)]/(Sqrt[2]*a^(1/4)*b^(1/ 4)))/(2*Sqrt[a]) + (-1/2*Log[Sqrt[a] - Sqrt[2]*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[b] *x^2]/(Sqrt[2]*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)) + Log[Sqrt[a] + Sqrt[2]*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[b]*x^2]/(2*Sqrt[2]*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)))/(2*Sqrt[a])))/(b*c - a*d) + (( B*c - A*d)*((-(ArcTan[1 - (Sqrt[2]*d^(1/4)*x)/c^(1/4)]/(Sqrt[2]*c^(1/4)*d^ (1/4))) + ArcTan[1 + (Sqrt[2]*d^(1/4)*x)/c^(1/4)]/(Sqrt[2]*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4) ))/(2*Sqrt[c]) + (-1/2*Log[Sqrt[c] - Sqrt[2]*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[d]*x ^2]/(Sqrt[2]*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4)) + Log[Sqrt[c] + Sqrt[2]*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4)*x + Sqrt[d]*x^2]/(2*Sqrt[2]*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4)))/(2*Sqrt[c])))/(b*c - a*d)
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] && !Ma tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-(Rt[-a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2])^( -1))*ArcTan[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[-a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] & & (LtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[a/b, 2] ], s = Denominator[Rt[a/b, 2]]}, Simp[1/(2*r) Int[(r - s*x^2)/(a + b*x^4) , x], x] + Simp[1/(2*r) Int[(r + s*x^2)/(a + b*x^4), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && (GtQ[a/b, 0] || (PosQ[a/b] && AtomQ[SplitProduct[SumBaseQ, a]] & & AtomQ[SplitProduct[SumBaseQ, b]]))
Int[((e_) + (f_.)*(x_)^(n_))/(((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^( n_))), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(b*e - a*f)/(b*c - a*d) Int[1/(a + b*x^n), x], x ] - Simp[(d*e - c*f)/(b*c - a*d) Int[1/(c + d*x^n), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b , c, d, e, f, n}, x]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = 1 - 4*S implify[a*(c/b^2)]}, Simp[-2/b Subst[Int[1/(q - x^2), x], x, 1 + 2*c*(x/b )], x] /; RationalQ[q] && (EqQ[q^2, 1] || !RationalQ[b^2 - 4*a*c])] /; Fre eQ[{a, b, c}, x]
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> S imp[d*(Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x + c*x^2, x]]/b), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0]
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[ 2*(d/e), 2]}, Simp[e/(2*c) Int[1/Simp[d/e + q*x + x^2, x], x], x] + Simp[ e/(2*c) Int[1/Simp[d/e - q*x + x^2, x], x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && PosQ[d*e]
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[ -2*(d/e), 2]}, Simp[e/(2*c*q) Int[(q - 2*x)/Simp[d/e + q*x - x^2, x], x], x] + Simp[e/(2*c*q) Int[(q + 2*x)/Simp[d/e - q*x - x^2, x], x], x]] /; F reeQ[{a, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && NegQ[d*e]
Time = 0.17 (sec) , antiderivative size = 240, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.64
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\left (-A b +B a \right ) \left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}\, \left (\ln \left (\frac {x^{2}+\left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}+\sqrt {\frac {a}{b}}}{x^{2}-\left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}+\sqrt {\frac {a}{b}}}\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, x}{\left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}+1\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, x}{\left (\frac {a}{b}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}-1\right )\right )}{8 \left (a d -c b \right ) a}+\frac {\left (A d -B c \right ) \left (\frac {c}{d}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}\, \left (\ln \left (\frac {x^{2}+\left (\frac {c}{d}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}+\sqrt {\frac {c}{d}}}{x^{2}-\left (\frac {c}{d}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}+\sqrt {\frac {c}{d}}}\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, x}{\left (\frac {c}{d}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}+1\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, x}{\left (\frac {c}{d}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}-1\right )\right )}{8 \left (a d -c b \right ) c}\) | \(240\) |
risch | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(2700\) |
Input:
int((B*x^4+A)/(b*x^4+a)/(d*x^4+c),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
Output:
1/8*(-A*b+B*a)/(a*d-b*c)*(a/b)^(1/4)/a*2^(1/2)*(ln((x^2+(a/b)^(1/4)*x*2^(1 /2)+(a/b)^(1/2))/(x^2-(a/b)^(1/4)*x*2^(1/2)+(a/b)^(1/2)))+2*arctan(2^(1/2) /(a/b)^(1/4)*x+1)+2*arctan(2^(1/2)/(a/b)^(1/4)*x-1))+1/8*(A*d-B*c)/(a*d-b* c)*(c/d)^(1/4)/c*2^(1/2)*(ln((x^2+(c/d)^(1/4)*x*2^(1/2)+(c/d)^(1/2))/(x^2- (c/d)^(1/4)*x*2^(1/2)+(c/d)^(1/2)))+2*arctan(2^(1/2)/(c/d)^(1/4)*x+1)+2*ar ctan(2^(1/2)/(c/d)^(1/4)*x-1))
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 46.94 (sec) , antiderivative size = 2019, normalized size of antiderivative = 5.38 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \] Input:
integrate((B*x^4+A)/(b*x^4+a)/(d*x^4+c),x, algorithm="fricas")
Output:
1/4*(-(B^4*a^4 - 4*A*B^3*a^3*b + 6*A^2*B^2*a^2*b^2 - 4*A^3*B*a*b^3 + A^4*b ^4)/(a^3*b^5*c^4 - 4*a^4*b^4*c^3*d + 6*a^5*b^3*c^2*d^2 - 4*a^6*b^2*c*d^3 + a^7*b*d^4))^(1/4)*log(-(B*a - A*b)*x + (a*b*c - a^2*d)*(-(B^4*a^4 - 4*A*B ^3*a^3*b + 6*A^2*B^2*a^2*b^2 - 4*A^3*B*a*b^3 + A^4*b^4)/(a^3*b^5*c^4 - 4*a ^4*b^4*c^3*d + 6*a^5*b^3*c^2*d^2 - 4*a^6*b^2*c*d^3 + a^7*b*d^4))^(1/4)) - 1/4*(-(B^4*a^4 - 4*A*B^3*a^3*b + 6*A^2*B^2*a^2*b^2 - 4*A^3*B*a*b^3 + A^4*b ^4)/(a^3*b^5*c^4 - 4*a^4*b^4*c^3*d + 6*a^5*b^3*c^2*d^2 - 4*a^6*b^2*c*d^3 + a^7*b*d^4))^(1/4)*log(-(B*a - A*b)*x - (a*b*c - a^2*d)*(-(B^4*a^4 - 4*A*B ^3*a^3*b + 6*A^2*B^2*a^2*b^2 - 4*A^3*B*a*b^3 + A^4*b^4)/(a^3*b^5*c^4 - 4*a ^4*b^4*c^3*d + 6*a^5*b^3*c^2*d^2 - 4*a^6*b^2*c*d^3 + a^7*b*d^4))^(1/4)) - 1/4*I*(-(B^4*a^4 - 4*A*B^3*a^3*b + 6*A^2*B^2*a^2*b^2 - 4*A^3*B*a*b^3 + A^4 *b^4)/(a^3*b^5*c^4 - 4*a^4*b^4*c^3*d + 6*a^5*b^3*c^2*d^2 - 4*a^6*b^2*c*d^3 + a^7*b*d^4))^(1/4)*log(-(B*a - A*b)*x - (I*a*b*c - I*a^2*d)*(-(B^4*a^4 - 4*A*B^3*a^3*b + 6*A^2*B^2*a^2*b^2 - 4*A^3*B*a*b^3 + A^4*b^4)/(a^3*b^5*c^4 - 4*a^4*b^4*c^3*d + 6*a^5*b^3*c^2*d^2 - 4*a^6*b^2*c*d^3 + a^7*b*d^4))^(1/ 4)) + 1/4*I*(-(B^4*a^4 - 4*A*B^3*a^3*b + 6*A^2*B^2*a^2*b^2 - 4*A^3*B*a*b^3 + A^4*b^4)/(a^3*b^5*c^4 - 4*a^4*b^4*c^3*d + 6*a^5*b^3*c^2*d^2 - 4*a^6*b^2 *c*d^3 + a^7*b*d^4))^(1/4)*log(-(B*a - A*b)*x - (-I*a*b*c + I*a^2*d)*(-(B^ 4*a^4 - 4*A*B^3*a^3*b + 6*A^2*B^2*a^2*b^2 - 4*A^3*B*a*b^3 + A^4*b^4)/(a^3* b^5*c^4 - 4*a^4*b^4*c^3*d + 6*a^5*b^3*c^2*d^2 - 4*a^6*b^2*c*d^3 + a^7*b...
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \] Input:
integrate((B*x**4+A)/(b*x**4+a)/(d*x**4+c),x)
Output:
Timed out
Time = 0.12 (sec) , antiderivative size = 425, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.13 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=-\frac {\frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (B a - A b\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {b} x + \sqrt {2} a^{\frac {1}{4}} b^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}}{2 \, \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {b}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {b}}} + \frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (B a - A b\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {b} x - \sqrt {2} a^{\frac {1}{4}} b^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}}{2 \, \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {b}}}\right )}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {\sqrt {a} \sqrt {b}}} + \frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (B a - A b\right )} \log \left (\sqrt {b} x^{2} + \sqrt {2} a^{\frac {1}{4}} b^{\frac {1}{4}} x + \sqrt {a}\right )}{a^{\frac {3}{4}} b^{\frac {1}{4}}} - \frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (B a - A b\right )} \log \left (\sqrt {b} x^{2} - \sqrt {2} a^{\frac {1}{4}} b^{\frac {1}{4}} x + \sqrt {a}\right )}{a^{\frac {3}{4}} b^{\frac {1}{4}}}}{8 \, {\left (b c - a d\right )}} + \frac {\frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (B c - A d\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {d} x + \sqrt {2} c^{\frac {1}{4}} d^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}}{2 \, \sqrt {\sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}}}\right )}{\sqrt {c} \sqrt {\sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}}} + \frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (B c - A d\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {d} x - \sqrt {2} c^{\frac {1}{4}} d^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}}{2 \, \sqrt {\sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}}}\right )}{\sqrt {c} \sqrt {\sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}}} + \frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (B c - A d\right )} \log \left (\sqrt {d} x^{2} + \sqrt {2} c^{\frac {1}{4}} d^{\frac {1}{4}} x + \sqrt {c}\right )}{c^{\frac {3}{4}} d^{\frac {1}{4}}} - \frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (B c - A d\right )} \log \left (\sqrt {d} x^{2} - \sqrt {2} c^{\frac {1}{4}} d^{\frac {1}{4}} x + \sqrt {c}\right )}{c^{\frac {3}{4}} d^{\frac {1}{4}}}}{8 \, {\left (b c - a d\right )}} \] Input:
integrate((B*x^4+A)/(b*x^4+a)/(d*x^4+c),x, algorithm="maxima")
Output:
-1/8*(2*sqrt(2)*(B*a - A*b)*arctan(1/2*sqrt(2)*(2*sqrt(b)*x + sqrt(2)*a^(1 /4)*b^(1/4))/sqrt(sqrt(a)*sqrt(b)))/(sqrt(a)*sqrt(sqrt(a)*sqrt(b))) + 2*sq rt(2)*(B*a - A*b)*arctan(1/2*sqrt(2)*(2*sqrt(b)*x - sqrt(2)*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4 ))/sqrt(sqrt(a)*sqrt(b)))/(sqrt(a)*sqrt(sqrt(a)*sqrt(b))) + sqrt(2)*(B*a - A*b)*log(sqrt(b)*x^2 + sqrt(2)*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)*x + sqrt(a))/(a^(3/4)*b^(1 /4)) - sqrt(2)*(B*a - A*b)*log(sqrt(b)*x^2 - sqrt(2)*a^(1/4)*b^(1/4)*x + s qrt(a))/(a^(3/4)*b^(1/4)))/(b*c - a*d) + 1/8*(2*sqrt(2)*(B*c - A*d)*arctan (1/2*sqrt(2)*(2*sqrt(d)*x + sqrt(2)*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4))/sqrt(sqrt(c)*sqrt(d)) )/(sqrt(c)*sqrt(sqrt(c)*sqrt(d))) + 2*sqrt(2)*(B*c - A*d)*arctan(1/2*sqrt( 2)*(2*sqrt(d)*x - sqrt(2)*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4))/sqrt(sqrt(c)*sqrt(d)))/(sqrt(c) *sqrt(sqrt(c)*sqrt(d))) + sqrt(2)*(B*c - A*d)*log(sqrt(d)*x^2 + sqrt(2)*c^ (1/4)*d^(1/4)*x + sqrt(c))/(c^(3/4)*d^(1/4)) - sqrt(2)*(B*c - A*d)*log(sqr t(d)*x^2 - sqrt(2)*c^(1/4)*d^(1/4)*x + sqrt(c))/(c^(3/4)*d^(1/4)))/(b*c - a*d)
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 581 vs. \(2 (281) = 562\).
Time = 0.12 (sec) , antiderivative size = 581, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.55 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx =\text {Too large to display} \] Input:
integrate((B*x^4+A)/(b*x^4+a)/(d*x^4+c),x, algorithm="giac")
Output:
-1/2*((a*b^3)^(1/4)*B*a - (a*b^3)^(1/4)*A*b)*arctan(1/2*sqrt(2)*(2*x + sqr t(2)*(a/b)^(1/4))/(a/b)^(1/4))/(sqrt(2)*a*b^2*c - sqrt(2)*a^2*b*d) - 1/2*( (a*b^3)^(1/4)*B*a - (a*b^3)^(1/4)*A*b)*arctan(1/2*sqrt(2)*(2*x - sqrt(2)*( a/b)^(1/4))/(a/b)^(1/4))/(sqrt(2)*a*b^2*c - sqrt(2)*a^2*b*d) + 1/2*((c*d^3 )^(1/4)*B*c - (c*d^3)^(1/4)*A*d)*arctan(1/2*sqrt(2)*(2*x + sqrt(2)*(c/d)^( 1/4))/(c/d)^(1/4))/(sqrt(2)*b*c^2*d - sqrt(2)*a*c*d^2) + 1/2*((c*d^3)^(1/4 )*B*c - (c*d^3)^(1/4)*A*d)*arctan(1/2*sqrt(2)*(2*x - sqrt(2)*(c/d)^(1/4))/ (c/d)^(1/4))/(sqrt(2)*b*c^2*d - sqrt(2)*a*c*d^2) - 1/4*((a*b^3)^(1/4)*B*a - (a*b^3)^(1/4)*A*b)*log(x^2 + sqrt(2)*x*(a/b)^(1/4) + sqrt(a/b))/(sqrt(2) *a*b^2*c - sqrt(2)*a^2*b*d) + 1/4*((a*b^3)^(1/4)*B*a - (a*b^3)^(1/4)*A*b)* log(x^2 - sqrt(2)*x*(a/b)^(1/4) + sqrt(a/b))/(sqrt(2)*a*b^2*c - sqrt(2)*a^ 2*b*d) + 1/4*((c*d^3)^(1/4)*B*c - (c*d^3)^(1/4)*A*d)*log(x^2 + sqrt(2)*x*( c/d)^(1/4) + sqrt(c/d))/(sqrt(2)*b*c^2*d - sqrt(2)*a*c*d^2) - 1/4*((c*d^3) ^(1/4)*B*c - (c*d^3)^(1/4)*A*d)*log(x^2 - sqrt(2)*x*(c/d)^(1/4) + sqrt(c/d ))/(sqrt(2)*b*c^2*d - sqrt(2)*a*c*d^2)
Time = 11.89 (sec) , antiderivative size = 22357, normalized size of antiderivative = 59.62 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \] Input:
int((A + B*x^4)/((a + b*x^4)*(c + d*x^4)),x)
Output:
2*atan(-((-(A^4*d^4 + B^4*c^4 + 6*A^2*B^2*c^2*d^2 - 4*A*B^3*c^3*d - 4*A^3* B*c*d^3)/(256*b^4*c^7*d + 256*a^4*c^3*d^5 - 1024*a*b^3*c^6*d^2 - 1024*a^3* b*c^4*d^4 + 1536*a^2*b^2*c^5*d^3))^(1/4)*((-(A^4*d^4 + B^4*c^4 + 6*A^2*B^2 *c^2*d^2 - 4*A*B^3*c^3*d - 4*A^3*B*c*d^3)/(256*b^4*c^7*d + 256*a^4*c^3*d^5 - 1024*a*b^3*c^6*d^2 - 1024*a^3*b*c^4*d^4 + 1536*a^2*b^2*c^5*d^3))^(1/4)* (16*B^5*a^3*b^5*c^4*d^4 - 16*A^5*a^2*b^6*d^8 - 16*A^5*b^8*c^2*d^6 - 16*B^5 *a^2*b^6*c^5*d^3 - (x*(1024*A^2*a^7*b^4*d^11 + 1024*A^2*b^11*c^7*d^4 + 614 4*A^2*a^2*b^9*c^5*d^6 - 3072*A^2*a^3*b^8*c^4*d^7 - 3072*A^2*a^4*b^7*c^3*d^ 8 + 6144*A^2*a^5*b^6*c^2*d^9 + 1024*B^2*a^2*b^9*c^7*d^4 - 3072*B^2*a^3*b^8 *c^6*d^5 + 2048*B^2*a^4*b^7*c^5*d^6 + 2048*B^2*a^5*b^6*c^4*d^7 - 3072*B^2* a^6*b^5*c^3*d^8 + 1024*B^2*a^7*b^4*c^2*d^9 - 4096*A^2*a*b^10*c^6*d^5 - 409 6*A^2*a^6*b^5*c*d^10 - 2048*A*B*a*b^10*c^7*d^4 - 2048*A*B*a^7*b^4*c*d^10 + 8192*A*B*a^2*b^9*c^6*d^5 - 14336*A*B*a^3*b^8*c^5*d^6 + 16384*A*B*a^4*b^7* c^4*d^7 - 14336*A*B*a^5*b^6*c^3*d^8 + 8192*A*B*a^6*b^5*c^2*d^9) - (-(A^4*d ^4 + B^4*c^4 + 6*A^2*B^2*c^2*d^2 - 4*A*B^3*c^3*d - 4*A^3*B*c*d^3)/(256*b^4 *c^7*d + 256*a^4*c^3*d^5 - 1024*a*b^3*c^6*d^2 - 1024*a^3*b*c^4*d^4 + 1536* a^2*b^2*c^5*d^3))^(1/4)*(20480*A*a^2*b^10*c^7*d^5 - 4096*A*a^8*b^4*c*d^11 - 4096*A*a*b^11*c^8*d^4 - 36864*A*a^3*b^9*c^6*d^6 + 20480*A*a^4*b^8*c^5*d^ 7 + 20480*A*a^5*b^7*c^4*d^8 - 36864*A*a^6*b^6*c^3*d^9 + 20480*A*a^7*b^5*c^ 2*d^10 + 4096*B*a^2*b^10*c^8*d^4 - 24576*B*a^3*b^9*c^7*d^5 + 61440*B*a^...
Time = 0.20 (sec) , antiderivative size = 112, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.30 \[ \int \frac {A+B x^4}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \left (c+d x^4\right )} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \left (-2 \mathit {atan} \left (\frac {d^{\frac {1}{4}} c^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}-2 \sqrt {d}\, x}{d^{\frac {1}{4}} c^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}}\right )+2 \mathit {atan} \left (\frac {d^{\frac {1}{4}} c^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}+2 \sqrt {d}\, x}{d^{\frac {1}{4}} c^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}}\right )-\mathrm {log}\left (-d^{\frac {1}{4}} c^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}\, x +\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d}\, x^{2}\right )+\mathrm {log}\left (d^{\frac {1}{4}} c^{\frac {1}{4}} \sqrt {2}\, x +\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d}\, x^{2}\right )\right )}{8 d^{\frac {1}{4}} c^{\frac {3}{4}}} \] Input:
int((B*x^4+A)/(b*x^4+a)/(d*x^4+c),x)
Output:
(d**(3/4)*c**(1/4)*sqrt(2)*( - 2*atan((d**(1/4)*c**(1/4)*sqrt(2) - 2*sqrt( d)*x)/(d**(1/4)*c**(1/4)*sqrt(2))) + 2*atan((d**(1/4)*c**(1/4)*sqrt(2) + 2 *sqrt(d)*x)/(d**(1/4)*c**(1/4)*sqrt(2))) - log( - d**(1/4)*c**(1/4)*sqrt(2 )*x + sqrt(c) + sqrt(d)*x**2) + log(d**(1/4)*c**(1/4)*sqrt(2)*x + sqrt(c) + sqrt(d)*x**2)))/(8*c*d)