Integrand size = 24, antiderivative size = 142 \[ \int \frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=-\frac {2 \sqrt {1-x^3}}{1+\sqrt {3}-x}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x+x^2}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{1+\sqrt {3}-x}\right )|-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {1-x}{\left (1+\sqrt {3}-x\right )^2}} \sqrt {1-x^3}} \] Output:
-2*(-x^3+1)^(1/2)/(1+3^(1/2)-x)+3^(1/4)*(1/2*6^(1/2)-1/2*2^(1/2))*(1-x)*(( x^2+x+1)/(1+3^(1/2)-x)^2)^(1/2)*EllipticE((1-3^(1/2)-x)/(1+3^(1/2)-x),I*3^ (1/2)+2*I)/((1-x)/(1+3^(1/2)-x)^2)^(1/2)/(-x^3+1)^(1/2)
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in optimal.
Time = 10.02 (sec) , antiderivative size = 45, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.32 \[ \int \frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) x \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (\frac {1}{3},\frac {1}{2},\frac {4}{3},x^3\right )-\frac {1}{2} x^2 \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (\frac {1}{2},\frac {2}{3},\frac {5}{3},x^3\right ) \] Input:
Integrate[(1 - Sqrt[3] - x)/Sqrt[1 - x^3],x]
Output:
(1 - Sqrt[3])*x*Hypergeometric2F1[1/3, 1/2, 4/3, x^3] - (x^2*Hypergeometri c2F1[1/2, 2/3, 5/3, x^3])/2
Time = 0.38 (sec) , antiderivative size = 142, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 1, number of rules used = 1, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.042, Rules used = {2416}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {-x-\sqrt {3}+1}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2416 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {\sqrt [4]{3} \sqrt {2-\sqrt {3}} (1-x) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+x+1}{\left (-x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {-x-\sqrt {3}+1}{-x+\sqrt {3}+1}\right )|-7-4 \sqrt {3}\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {1-x}{\left (-x+\sqrt {3}+1\right )^2}} \sqrt {1-x^3}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {1-x^3}}{-x+\sqrt {3}+1}\) |
Input:
Int[(1 - Sqrt[3] - x)/Sqrt[1 - x^3],x]
Output:
(-2*Sqrt[1 - x^3])/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x) + (3^(1/4)*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*(1 - x)* Sqrt[(1 + x + x^2)/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)^2]*EllipticE[ArcSin[(1 - Sqrt[3] - x) /(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]])/(Sqrt[(1 - x)/(1 + Sqrt[3] - x)^2]*S qrt[1 - x^3])
Int[((c_) + (d_.)*(x_))/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3], x_Symbol] :> With[{r = N umer[Simplify[(1 - Sqrt[3])*(d/c)]], s = Denom[Simplify[(1 - Sqrt[3])*(d/c) ]]}, Simp[2*d*s^3*(Sqrt[a + b*x^3]/(a*r^2*((1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x))), x] - S imp[3^(1/4)*Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[3]]*d*s*(s + r*x)*(Sqrt[(s^2 - r*s*x + r^2*x^2)/( (1 + Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)^2]/(r^2*Sqrt[a + b*x^3]*Sqrt[s*((s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt [3])*s + r*x)^2)]))*EllipticE[ArcSin[((1 - Sqrt[3])*s + r*x)/((1 + Sqrt[3]) *s + r*x)], -7 - 4*Sqrt[3]], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && PosQ[a] && Eq Q[b*c^3 - 2*(5 - 3*Sqrt[3])*a*d^3, 0]
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4.
Time = 0.22 (sec) , antiderivative size = 42, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.30
| method | result | size |
| meijerg | \(x \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {1}{3}, \frac {1}{2}\right ], \left [\frac {4}{3}\right ], x^{3}\right )-\sqrt {3}\, x \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {1}{3}, \frac {1}{2}\right ], \left [\frac {4}{3}\right ], x^{3}\right )-\frac {x^{2} \operatorname {hypergeom}\left (\left [\frac {1}{2}, \frac {2}{3}\right ], \left [\frac {5}{3}\right ], x^{3}\right )}{2}\) | \(42\) |
| elliptic | \(-\frac {2 i \left (1-\sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {-i \left (x +\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}+\frac {1}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{3 \sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}+\frac {2 i \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {-i \left (x +\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}+\frac {1}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )+\operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )\right )}{3 \sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}\) | \(272\) |
| default | \(\frac {2 i \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {-i \left (x +\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}+\frac {1}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}+\frac {2 i \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {-i \left (x +\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}+\frac {1}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \left (\left (-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )+\operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )\right )}{3 \sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}-\frac {2 i \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {\frac {x -1}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\, \sqrt {-i \left (x +\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}+\frac {1}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {i \left (x +\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}}{3}, \sqrt {\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}}}\right )}{3 \sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}\) | \(368\) |
Input:
int((1-3^(1/2)-x)/(-x^3+1)^(1/2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
Output:
x*hypergeom([1/3,1/2],[4/3],x^3)-3^(1/2)*x*hypergeom([1/3,1/2],[4/3],x^3)- 1/2*x^2*hypergeom([1/2,2/3],[5/3],x^3)
Time = 0.10 (sec) , antiderivative size = 23, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.16 \[ \int \frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=-2 \, {\left (-i \, \sqrt {3} + i\right )} {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (0, 4, x\right ) - 2 i \, {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (0, 4, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (0, 4, x\right )\right ) \] Input:
integrate((1-3^(1/2)-x)/(-x^3+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")
Output:
-2*(-I*sqrt(3) + I)*weierstrassPInverse(0, 4, x) - 2*I*weierstrassZeta(0, 4, weierstrassPInverse(0, 4, x))
Time = 1.46 (sec) , antiderivative size = 97, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.68 \[ \int \frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=- \frac {x^{2} \Gamma \left (\frac {2}{3}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{2}, \frac {2}{3} \\ \frac {5}{3} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{3} e^{2 i \pi }} \right )}}{3 \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{3}\right )} - \frac {\sqrt {3} x \Gamma \left (\frac {1}{3}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{3}, \frac {1}{2} \\ \frac {4}{3} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{3} e^{2 i \pi }} \right )}}{3 \Gamma \left (\frac {4}{3}\right )} + \frac {x \Gamma \left (\frac {1}{3}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{3}, \frac {1}{2} \\ \frac {4}{3} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{3} e^{2 i \pi }} \right )}}{3 \Gamma \left (\frac {4}{3}\right )} \] Input:
integrate((1-3**(1/2)-x)/(-x**3+1)**(1/2),x)
Output:
-x**2*gamma(2/3)*hyper((1/2, 2/3), (5/3,), x**3*exp_polar(2*I*pi))/(3*gamm a(5/3)) - sqrt(3)*x*gamma(1/3)*hyper((1/3, 1/2), (4/3,), x**3*exp_polar(2* I*pi))/(3*gamma(4/3)) + x*gamma(1/3)*hyper((1/3, 1/2), (4/3,), x**3*exp_po lar(2*I*pi))/(3*gamma(4/3))
\[ \int \frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\int { -\frac {x + \sqrt {3} - 1}{\sqrt {-x^{3} + 1}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate((1-3^(1/2)-x)/(-x^3+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")
Output:
-integrate((x + sqrt(3) - 1)/sqrt(-x^3 + 1), x)
\[ \int \frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\int { -\frac {x + \sqrt {3} - 1}{\sqrt {-x^{3} + 1}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate((1-3^(1/2)-x)/(-x^3+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")
Output:
integrate(-(x + sqrt(3) - 1)/sqrt(-x^3 + 1), x)
Time = 5.69 (sec) , antiderivative size = 343, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.42 \[ \int \frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=-\sqrt {3}\,x\,{{}}_2{\mathrm {F}}_1\left (\frac {1}{3},\frac {1}{2};\ \frac {4}{3};\ x^3\right )+\frac {6\,\sqrt {x^3-1}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\mathrm {E}\left (\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )}{\sqrt {1-x^3}\,\sqrt {x^3+\left (-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )-1\right )\,x+\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}}-\frac {6\,\sqrt {x^3-1}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {\frac {x+\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\,\mathrm {F}\left (\mathrm {asin}\left (\sqrt {-\frac {x-1}{\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}}\right )\middle |-\frac {\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}\right )}{\sqrt {1-x^3}\,\sqrt {x^3+\left (-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )-1\right )\,x+\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}} \] Input:
int(-(x + 3^(1/2) - 1)/(1 - x^3)^(1/2),x)
Output:
(6*(x^3 - 1)^(1/2)*(-(x - (3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2))^(1 /2)*((x + (3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^(1/2)*(-(x - 1)/(( 3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^(1/2)*ellipticE(asin((-(x - 1)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2 ))^(1/2)), -((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2)))/((1 - x^3)^(1/ 2)*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2) - x*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1 /2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2) + 1) + x^3)^(1/2)) - 3^(1/2)*x*hypergeom([1/3, 1/2], 4/3, x^3) - (6*(x^3 - 1)^(1/2)*(-(x - (3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2)/((3^(1/2 )*1i)/2 - 3/2))^(1/2)*((x + (3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^ (1/2)*(-(x - 1)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^(1/2)*ellipticF(asin((-(x - 1)/((3 ^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2))^(1/2)), -((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 3/2)/((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 3/2 )))/((1 - x^3)^(1/2)*(((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2) - x*(( (3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/2 + 1/2) + 1) + x^3)^(1/2))
\[ \int \frac {1-\sqrt {3}-x}{\sqrt {1-x^3}} \, dx=\sqrt {3}\, \left (\int \frac {\sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}{x^{3}-1}d x \right )-\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {-x^{3}+1}}{x^{3}-1}d x \right )+\int \frac {\sqrt {-x^{3}+1}\, x}{x^{3}-1}d x \] Input:
int((1-3^(1/2)-x)/(-x^3+1)^(1/2),x)
Output:
sqrt(3)*int(sqrt( - x**3 + 1)/(x**3 - 1),x) - int(sqrt( - x**3 + 1)/(x**3 - 1),x) + int((sqrt( - x**3 + 1)*x)/(x**3 - 1),x)