\(\int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx\) [265]

Optimal result

Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 326 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx=\frac {14 c^{5/2} x^{3/2} \left (b+c x^2\right )}{15 b^3 \left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right ) \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}+\frac {14 c \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{45 b^2 x^{7/2}}-\frac {14 c^2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{15 b^3 x^{3/2}}-\frac {14 c^{9/4} x \left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+c x^2}{\left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right )^2}} E\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [4]{b}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{15 b^{11/4} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}+\frac {7 c^{9/4} x \left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+c x^2}{\left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [4]{b}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{15 b^{11/4} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \] Output:

14/15*c^(5/2)*x^(3/2)*(c*x^2+b)/b^3/(b^(1/2)+c^(1/2)*x)/(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2 
)-2/9*(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2)/b/x^(11/2)+14/45*c*(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2)/b^2/x^(7/ 
2)-14/15*c^2*(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2)/b^3/x^(3/2)-14/15*c^(9/4)*x*(b^(1/2)+c^(1 
/2)*x)*((c*x^2+b)/(b^(1/2)+c^(1/2)*x)^2)^(1/2)*EllipticE(sin(2*arctan(c^(1 
/4)*x^(1/2)/b^(1/4))),1/2*2^(1/2))/b^(11/4)/(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2)+7/15*c^(9/ 
4)*x*(b^(1/2)+c^(1/2)*x)*((c*x^2+b)/(b^(1/2)+c^(1/2)*x)^2)^(1/2)*InverseJa 
cobiAM(2*arctan(c^(1/4)*x^(1/2)/b^(1/4)),1/2*2^(1/2))/b^(11/4)/(c*x^4+b*x^ 
2)^(1/2)
 

Mathematica [C] (verified)

Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in optimal.

Time = 10.02 (sec) , antiderivative size = 57, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.17 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx=-\frac {2 \sqrt {1+\frac {c x^2}{b}} \operatorname {Hypergeometric2F1}\left (-\frac {9}{4},\frac {1}{2},-\frac {5}{4},-\frac {c x^2}{b}\right )}{9 x^{7/2} \sqrt {x^2 \left (b+c x^2\right )}} \] Input:

Integrate[1/(x^(9/2)*Sqrt[b*x^2 + c*x^4]),x]
 

Output:

(-2*Sqrt[1 + (c*x^2)/b]*Hypergeometric2F1[-9/4, 1/2, -5/4, -((c*x^2)/b)])/ 
(9*x^(7/2)*Sqrt[x^2*(b + c*x^2)])
 

Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.78 (sec) , antiderivative size = 346, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.06, number of steps used = 10, number of rules used = 9, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.429, Rules used = {1430, 1430, 1430, 1431, 266, 834, 27, 761, 1510}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1430

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \int \frac {1}{x^{5/2} \sqrt {c x^4+b x^2}}dx}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1430

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \left (-\frac {3 c \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \sqrt {c x^4+b x^2}}dx}{5 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{5 b x^{7/2}}\right )}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1430

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \left (-\frac {3 c \left (\frac {c \int \frac {x^{3/2}}{\sqrt {c x^4+b x^2}}dx}{b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{b x^{3/2}}\right )}{5 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{5 b x^{7/2}}\right )}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1431

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \left (-\frac {3 c \left (\frac {c x \sqrt {b+c x^2} \int \frac {\sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {c x^2+b}}dx}{b \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{b x^{3/2}}\right )}{5 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{5 b x^{7/2}}\right )}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 266

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \left (-\frac {3 c \left (\frac {2 c x \sqrt {b+c x^2} \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {c x^2+b}}d\sqrt {x}}{b \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{b x^{3/2}}\right )}{5 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{5 b x^{7/2}}\right )}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 834

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \left (-\frac {3 c \left (\frac {2 c x \sqrt {b+c x^2} \left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c x^2+b}}d\sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {c}}-\frac {\sqrt {b} \int \frac {\sqrt {b}-\sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c x^2+b}}d\sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{b \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{b x^{3/2}}\right )}{5 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{5 b x^{7/2}}\right )}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \left (-\frac {3 c \left (\frac {2 c x \sqrt {b+c x^2} \left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c x^2+b}}d\sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {c}}-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {b}-\sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {c x^2+b}}d\sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{b \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{b x^{3/2}}\right )}{5 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{5 b x^{7/2}}\right )}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 761

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \left (-\frac {3 c \left (\frac {2 c x \sqrt {b+c x^2} \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+c x^2}{\left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [4]{b}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{2 c^{3/4} \sqrt {b+c x^2}}-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {b}-\sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {c x^2+b}}d\sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{b \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{b x^{3/2}}\right )}{5 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{5 b x^{7/2}}\right )}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1510

\(\displaystyle -\frac {7 c \left (-\frac {3 c \left (\frac {2 c x \sqrt {b+c x^2} \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+c x^2}{\left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [4]{b}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{2 c^{3/4} \sqrt {b+c x^2}}-\frac {\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right ) \sqrt {\frac {b+c x^2}{\left (\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x\right )^2}} E\left (2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [4]{b}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{\sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {b+c x^2}}-\frac {\sqrt {x} \sqrt {b+c x^2}}{\sqrt {b}+\sqrt {c} x}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{b \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{b x^{3/2}}\right )}{5 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{5 b x^{7/2}}\right )}{9 b}-\frac {2 \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}}{9 b x^{11/2}}\)

Input:

Int[1/(x^(9/2)*Sqrt[b*x^2 + c*x^4]),x]
 

Output:

(-2*Sqrt[b*x^2 + c*x^4])/(9*b*x^(11/2)) - (7*c*((-2*Sqrt[b*x^2 + c*x^4])/( 
5*b*x^(7/2)) - (3*c*((-2*Sqrt[b*x^2 + c*x^4])/(b*x^(3/2)) + (2*c*x*Sqrt[b 
+ c*x^2]*(-((-((Sqrt[x]*Sqrt[b + c*x^2])/(Sqrt[b] + Sqrt[c]*x)) + (b^(1/4) 
*(Sqrt[b] + Sqrt[c]*x)*Sqrt[(b + c*x^2)/(Sqrt[b] + Sqrt[c]*x)^2]*EllipticE 
[2*ArcTan[(c^(1/4)*Sqrt[x])/b^(1/4)], 1/2])/(c^(1/4)*Sqrt[b + c*x^2]))/Sqr 
t[c]) + (b^(1/4)*(Sqrt[b] + Sqrt[c]*x)*Sqrt[(b + c*x^2)/(Sqrt[b] + Sqrt[c] 
*x)^2]*EllipticF[2*ArcTan[(c^(1/4)*Sqrt[x])/b^(1/4)], 1/2])/(2*c^(3/4)*Sqr 
t[b + c*x^2])))/(b*Sqrt[b*x^2 + c*x^4])))/(5*b)))/(9*b)
 

Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 27

Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a   Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] &&  !Ma 
tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
 

rule 266

Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> With[{k = De 
nominator[m]}, Simp[k/c   Subst[Int[x^(k*(m + 1) - 1)*(a + b*(x^(2*k)/c^2)) 
^p, x], x, (c*x)^(1/k)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && FractionQ[m] && I 
ntBinomialQ[a, b, c, 2, m, p, x]
 

rule 761

Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4], x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b/a, 4]}, Simp[( 
1 + q^2*x^2)*(Sqrt[(a + b*x^4)/(a*(1 + q^2*x^2)^2)]/(2*q*Sqrt[a + b*x^4]))* 
EllipticF[2*ArcTan[q*x], 1/2], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[b/a]
 

rule 834

Int[(x_)^2/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4], x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b/a, 2]}, S 
imp[1/q   Int[1/Sqrt[a + b*x^4], x], x] - Simp[1/q   Int[(1 - q*x^2)/Sqrt[a 
 + b*x^4], x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[b/a]
 

rule 1430

Int[((d_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp 
[d*(d*x)^(m - 1)*((b*x^2 + c*x^4)^(p + 1)/(b*(m + 2*p + 1))), x] - Simp[c*( 
(m + 4*p + 3)/(b*d^2*(m + 2*p + 1)))   Int[(d*x)^(m + 2)*(b*x^2 + c*x^4)^p, 
 x], x] /; FreeQ[{b, c, d, m, p}, x] &&  !IntegerQ[p] && LtQ[m + 2*p + 1, 0 
]
 

rule 1431

Int[((d_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp 
[(b*x^2 + c*x^4)^p/((d*x)^(2*p)*(b + c*x^2)^p)   Int[(d*x)^(m + 2*p)*(b + c 
*x^2)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{b, c, d, m, p}, x] &&  !IntegerQ[p]
 

rule 1510

Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/Sqrt[(a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^4], x_Symbol] :> With[{q = 
 Rt[c/a, 4]}, Simp[(-d)*x*(Sqrt[a + c*x^4]/(a*(1 + q^2*x^2))), x] + Simp[d* 
(1 + q^2*x^2)*(Sqrt[(a + c*x^4)/(a*(1 + q^2*x^2)^2)]/(q*Sqrt[a + c*x^4]))*E 
llipticE[2*ArcTan[q*x], 1/2], x] /; EqQ[e + d*q^2, 0]] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e 
}, x] && PosQ[c/a]
 

Maple [A] (verified)

Time = 2.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 230, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.71

method	result	size
default	\(\frac {42 \sqrt {\frac {c x +\sqrt {-b c}}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-c x +\sqrt {-b c}}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \sqrt {-\frac {c x}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\sqrt {\frac {c x +\sqrt {-b c}}{\sqrt {-b c}}}, \frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}\right ) b \,c^{2} x^{4}-21 \sqrt {\frac {c x +\sqrt {-b c}}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-c x +\sqrt {-b c}}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \sqrt {-\frac {c x}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\sqrt {\frac {c x +\sqrt {-b c}}{\sqrt {-b c}}}, \frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}\right ) b \,c^{2} x^{4}-42 c^{3} x^{6}-28 b \,c^{2} x^{4}+4 b^{2} c \,x^{2}-10 b^{3}}{45 \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}}\, x^{\frac {7}{2}} b^{3}}\)	\(230\)
risch	\(-\frac {2 \left (c \,x^{2}+b \right ) \left (21 c^{2} x^{4}-7 b c \,x^{2}+5 b^{2}\right )}{45 b^{3} x^{\frac {7}{2}} \sqrt {x^{2} \left (c \,x^{2}+b \right )}}+\frac {7 c^{2} \sqrt {-b c}\, \sqrt {\frac {\left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-b c}}{c}\right ) c}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \sqrt {-\frac {2 \left (x -\frac {\sqrt {-b c}}{c}\right ) c}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \sqrt {-\frac {c x}{\sqrt {-b c}}}\, \left (-\frac {2 \sqrt {-b c}\, \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\sqrt {\frac {\left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-b c}}{c}\right ) c}{\sqrt {-b c}}}, \frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}\right )}{c}+\frac {\sqrt {-b c}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\sqrt {\frac {\left (x +\frac {\sqrt {-b c}}{c}\right ) c}{\sqrt {-b c}}}, \frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}\right )}{c}\right ) \sqrt {x}\, \sqrt {x \left (c \,x^{2}+b \right )}}{15 b^{3} \sqrt {c \,x^{3}+b x}\, \sqrt {x^{2} \left (c \,x^{2}+b \right )}}\)	\(239\)

Input:

int(1/x^(9/2)/(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 

Output:

1/45/(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2)/x^(7/2)*(42*((c*x+(-b*c)^(1/2))/(-b*c)^(1/2))^(1/ 
2)*2^(1/2)*((-c*x+(-b*c)^(1/2))/(-b*c)^(1/2))^(1/2)*(-c/(-b*c)^(1/2)*x)^(1 
/2)*EllipticE(((c*x+(-b*c)^(1/2))/(-b*c)^(1/2))^(1/2),1/2*2^(1/2))*b*c^2*x 
^4-21*((c*x+(-b*c)^(1/2))/(-b*c)^(1/2))^(1/2)*2^(1/2)*((-c*x+(-b*c)^(1/2)) 
/(-b*c)^(1/2))^(1/2)*(-c/(-b*c)^(1/2)*x)^(1/2)*EllipticF(((c*x+(-b*c)^(1/2 
))/(-b*c)^(1/2))^(1/2),1/2*2^(1/2))*b*c^2*x^4-42*c^3*x^6-28*b*c^2*x^4+4*b^ 
2*c*x^2-10*b^3)/b^3
 

Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 72, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.22 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx=-\frac {2 \, {\left (21 \, c^{\frac {5}{2}} x^{6} {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (-\frac {4 \, b}{c}, 0, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-\frac {4 \, b}{c}, 0, x\right )\right ) + {\left (21 \, c^{2} x^{4} - 7 \, b c x^{2} + 5 \, b^{2}\right )} \sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{2}} \sqrt {x}\right )}}{45 \, b^{3} x^{6}} \] Input:

integrate(1/x^(9/2)/(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")
 

Output:

-2/45*(21*c^(5/2)*x^6*weierstrassZeta(-4*b/c, 0, weierstrassPInverse(-4*b/ 
c, 0, x)) + (21*c^2*x^4 - 7*b*c*x^2 + 5*b^2)*sqrt(c*x^4 + b*x^2)*sqrt(x))/ 
(b^3*x^6)
 

Sympy [F]

\[ \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{x^{\frac {9}{2}} \sqrt {x^{2} \left (b + c x^{2}\right )}}\, dx \] Input:

integrate(1/x**(9/2)/(c*x**4+b*x**2)**(1/2),x)
 

Output:

Integral(1/(x**(9/2)*sqrt(x**2*(b + c*x**2))), x)
 

Maxima [F]

\[ \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{2}} x^{\frac {9}{2}}} \,d x } \] Input:

integrate(1/x^(9/2)/(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")
 

Output:

integrate(1/(sqrt(c*x^4 + b*x^2)*x^(9/2)), x)
 

Giac [F]

\[ \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {c x^{4} + b x^{2}} x^{\frac {9}{2}}} \,d x } \] Input:

integrate(1/x^(9/2)/(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")
 

Output:

integrate(1/(sqrt(c*x^4 + b*x^2)*x^(9/2)), x)
 

Mupad [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{x^{9/2}\,\sqrt {c\,x^4+b\,x^2}} \,d x \] Input:

int(1/(x^(9/2)*(b*x^2 + c*x^4)^(1/2)),x)
 

Output:

int(1/(x^(9/2)*(b*x^2 + c*x^4)^(1/2)), x)
 

Reduce [F]

\[ \int \frac {1}{x^{9/2} \sqrt {b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {x}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{2}+b}}{c \,x^{8}+b \,x^{6}}d x \] Input:

int(1/x^(9/2)/(c*x^4+b*x^2)^(1/2),x)
 

Output:

int((sqrt(x)*sqrt(b + c*x**2))/(b*x**6 + c*x**8),x)