Integrand size = 17, antiderivative size = 50 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \, dx=-\frac {x \sqrt {-1+x^4}}{2 \left (1+x^2\right )}+\frac {\sqrt {1-x^4} E(\arcsin (x)|-1)}{2 \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \] Output:
-1/2*x*(x^4-1)^(1/2)/(x^2+1)+1/2*(-x^4+1)^(1/2)*EllipticE(x,I)/(x^4-1)^(1/ 2)
Time = 10.11 (sec) , antiderivative size = 36, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.72 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \, dx=\frac {x-x^3+\sqrt {1-x^4} E(\arcsin (x)|-1)}{2 \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \] Input:
Integrate[1/((1 + x^2)*Sqrt[-1 + x^4]),x]
Output:
(x - x^3 + Sqrt[1 - x^4]*EllipticE[ArcSin[x], -1])/(2*Sqrt[-1 + x^4])
Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(121\) vs. \(2(50)=100\).
Time = 0.32 (sec) , antiderivative size = 121, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.42, number of steps used = 1, number of rules used = 1, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.059, Rules used = {1391}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\left (x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {x^4-1}} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1391 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\sqrt {x^2-1} \sqrt {x^2+1} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {x^2-1}}\right ),\frac {1}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^4-1}}-\frac {\sqrt {x^2-1} \sqrt {x^2+1} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {x^2-1}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^4-1}}+\frac {x}{\sqrt {x^4-1}}\) |
Input:
Int[1/((1 + x^2)*Sqrt[-1 + x^4]),x]
Output:
x/Sqrt[-1 + x^4] - (Sqrt[-1 + x^2]*Sqrt[1 + x^2]*EllipticE[ArcSin[(Sqrt[2] *x)/Sqrt[-1 + x^2]], 1/2])/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[-1 + x^4]) + (Sqrt[-1 + x^2]*Sqrt [1 + x^2]*EllipticF[ArcSin[(Sqrt[2]*x)/Sqrt[-1 + x^2]], 1/2])/(Sqrt[2]*Sqr t[-1 + x^4])
Int[1/(((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)*Sqrt[(a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^4]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[ x/(d*Sqrt[a + c*x^4]), x] + (-Simp[(Sqrt[-1 + (e/d)*x^2]*Sqrt[1 + (e/d)*x^2 ]*EllipticE[ArcSin[(Sqrt[2]*Rt[e/d, 2]*x)/Sqrt[-1 + (e/d)*x^2]], 1/2])/(Sqr t[2]*d*Rt[e/d, 2]*Sqrt[a + c*x^4]), x] + Simp[(Sqrt[-1 + (e/d)*x^2]*Sqrt[1 + (e/d)*x^2]*EllipticF[ArcSin[(Sqrt[2]*Rt[e/d, 2]*x)/Sqrt[-1 + (e/d)*x^2]], 1/2])/(Sqrt[2]*d*Rt[e/d, 2]*Sqrt[a + c*x^4]), x]) /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e}, x ] && EqQ[c*d^2 + a*e^2, 0] && LtQ[a, 0] && GtQ[c, 0] && PosQ[e/d]
Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 92 vs. \(2 (40 ) = 80\).
Time = 1.04 (sec) , antiderivative size = 93, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.86
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {x \left (x^{2}-1\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{4}-1}}-\frac {i \sqrt {x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-x^{2}+1}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i x , i\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{4}-1}}-\frac {i \sqrt {x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-x^{2}+1}\, \left (\operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i x , i\right )-\operatorname {EllipticE}\left (i x , i\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{4}-1}}\) | \(93\) |
default | \(-\frac {\left (x^{2}-1\right ) x}{2 \sqrt {\left (x^{2}-1\right ) \left (x^{2}+1\right )}}-\frac {i \sqrt {x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-x^{2}+1}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i x , i\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{4}-1}}-\frac {i \sqrt {x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-x^{2}+1}\, \left (\operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i x , i\right )-\operatorname {EllipticE}\left (i x , i\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{4}-1}}\) | \(99\) |
elliptic | \(-\frac {\left (x^{2}-1\right ) x}{2 \sqrt {\left (x^{2}-1\right ) \left (x^{2}+1\right )}}-\frac {i \sqrt {x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-x^{2}+1}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i x , i\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{4}-1}}-\frac {i \sqrt {x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {-x^{2}+1}\, \left (\operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i x , i\right )-\operatorname {EllipticE}\left (i x , i\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {x^{4}-1}}\) | \(99\) |
Input:
int(1/(x^2+1)/(x^4-1)^(1/2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
Output:
-1/2*x*(x^2-1)/(x^4-1)^(1/2)-1/2*I*(x^2+1)^(1/2)*(-x^2+1)^(1/2)/(x^4-1)^(1 /2)*EllipticF(I*x,I)-1/2*I*(x^2+1)^(1/2)*(-x^2+1)^(1/2)/(x^4-1)^(1/2)*(Ell ipticF(I*x,I)-EllipticE(I*x,I))
Time = 0.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 32, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.64 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \, dx=\frac {{\left (-i \, x^{2} - i\right )} E(\arcsin \left (x\right )\,|\,-1) - \sqrt {x^{4} - 1} x}{2 \, {\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}} \] Input:
integrate(1/(x^2+1)/(x^4-1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")
Output:
1/2*((-I*x^2 - I)*elliptic_e(arcsin(x), -1) - sqrt(x^4 - 1)*x)/(x^2 + 1)
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right ) \left (x^{2} + 1\right )} \left (x^{2} + 1\right )}\, dx \] Input:
integrate(1/(x**2+1)/(x**4-1)**(1/2),x)
Output:
Integral(1/(sqrt((x - 1)*(x + 1)*(x**2 + 1))*(x**2 + 1)), x)
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {x^{4} - 1} {\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate(1/(x^2+1)/(x^4-1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")
Output:
integrate(1/(sqrt(x^4 - 1)*(x^2 + 1)), x)
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{\sqrt {x^{4} - 1} {\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate(1/(x^2+1)/(x^4-1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")
Output:
integrate(1/(sqrt(x^4 - 1)*(x^2 + 1)), x)
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\left (x^2+1\right )\,\sqrt {x^4-1}} \,d x \] Input:
int(1/((x^2 + 1)*(x^4 - 1)^(1/2)),x)
Output:
int(1/((x^2 + 1)*(x^4 - 1)^(1/2)), x)
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-1+x^4}} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {x^{4}-1}}{x^{6}+x^{4}-x^{2}-1}d x \] Input:
int(1/(x^2+1)/(x^4-1)^(1/2),x)
Output:
int(sqrt(x**4 - 1)/(x**6 + x**4 - x**2 - 1),x)