\(\int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx\) [636]

Optimal result
Mathematica [A] (verified)
Rubi [A] (verified)
Maple [A] (verified)
Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)
Sympy [F]
Maxima [F]
Giac [F(-2)]
Mupad [F(-1)]
Reduce [B] (verification not implemented)

Optimal result

Integrand size = 25, antiderivative size = 122 \[ \int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx=\frac {9 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x}{4 a}-\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x^2-\frac {23 \sqrt {c} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{4 a^2}+\frac {4 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c}}\right )}{a^2} \] Output:

9/4*(c-c/a/x)^(1/2)*x/a-1/2*(c-c/a/x)^(1/2)*x^2-23/4*c^(1/2)*arctanh((c-c/ 
a/x)^(1/2)/c^(1/2))/a^2+4*2^(1/2)*c^(1/2)*arctanh(1/2*(c-c/a/x)^(1/2)*2^(1 
/2)/c^(1/2))/a^2
 

Mathematica [A] (verified)

Time = 0.06 (sec) , antiderivative size = 100, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.82 \[ \int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx=\frac {a \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x (9-2 a x)-23 \sqrt {c} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )+16 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c}}\right )}{4 a^2} \] Input:

Integrate[(Sqrt[c - c/(a*x)]*x)/E^(2*ArcTanh[a*x]),x]
 

Output:

(a*Sqrt[c - c/(a*x)]*x*(9 - 2*a*x) - 23*Sqrt[c]*ArcTanh[Sqrt[c - c/(a*x)]/ 
Sqrt[c]] + 16*Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*ArcTanh[Sqrt[c - c/(a*x)]/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c])] 
)/(4*a^2)
 

Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.54 (sec) , antiderivative size = 140, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.15, number of steps used = 12, number of rules used = 11, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.440, Rules used = {6683, 1070, 281, 948, 109, 27, 168, 27, 174, 73, 221}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int x e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 6683

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x (1-a x) \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{a x+1}dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1070

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {x \left (\frac {1}{x}-a\right ) \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{a+\frac {1}{x}}dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 281

\(\displaystyle -\frac {a \int \frac {\left (c-\frac {c}{a x}\right )^{3/2} x}{a+\frac {1}{x}}dx}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 948

\(\displaystyle \frac {a \int \frac {\left (c-\frac {c}{a x}\right )^{3/2} x^3}{a+\frac {1}{x}}d\frac {1}{x}}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 109

\(\displaystyle \frac {a \left (-\frac {\int \frac {c^2 \left (9 a-\frac {7}{x}\right ) x^2}{2 a \left (a+\frac {1}{x}\right ) \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}d\frac {1}{x}}{2 a}-\frac {c x^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{2 a}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle \frac {a \left (-\frac {c^2 \int \frac {\left (9 a-\frac {7}{x}\right ) x^2}{\left (a+\frac {1}{x}\right ) \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}d\frac {1}{x}}{4 a^2}-\frac {c x^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{2 a}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 168

\(\displaystyle \frac {a \left (-\frac {c^2 \left (-\frac {\int \frac {c \left (23 a-\frac {9}{x}\right ) x}{2 \left (a+\frac {1}{x}\right ) \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}d\frac {1}{x}}{a c}-\frac {9 x \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{c}\right )}{4 a^2}-\frac {c x^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{2 a}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle \frac {a \left (-\frac {c^2 \left (-\frac {\int \frac {\left (23 a-\frac {9}{x}\right ) x}{\left (a+\frac {1}{x}\right ) \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}d\frac {1}{x}}{2 a}-\frac {9 x \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{c}\right )}{4 a^2}-\frac {c x^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{2 a}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 174

\(\displaystyle \frac {a \left (-\frac {c^2 \left (-\frac {23 \int \frac {x}{\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}d\frac {1}{x}-32 \int \frac {1}{\left (a+\frac {1}{x}\right ) \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}d\frac {1}{x}}{2 a}-\frac {9 x \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{c}\right )}{4 a^2}-\frac {c x^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{2 a}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 73

\(\displaystyle \frac {a \left (-\frac {c^2 \left (-\frac {\frac {64 a \int \frac {1}{2 a-\frac {a}{c x^2}}d\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{c}-\frac {46 a \int \frac {1}{a-\frac {a}{c x^2}}d\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{c}}{2 a}-\frac {9 x \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{c}\right )}{4 a^2}-\frac {c x^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{2 a}\right )}{c}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 221

\(\displaystyle \frac {a \left (-\frac {c^2 \left (-\frac {\frac {32 \sqrt {2} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c}}\right )}{\sqrt {c}}-\frac {46 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{\sqrt {c}}\right )}{\sqrt {c}}}{2 a}-\frac {9 x \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{c}\right )}{4 a^2}-\frac {c x^2 \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}}}{2 a}\right )}{c}\)

Input:

Int[(Sqrt[c - c/(a*x)]*x)/E^(2*ArcTanh[a*x]),x]
 

Output:

(a*(-1/2*(c*Sqrt[c - c/(a*x)]*x^2)/a - (c^2*((-9*Sqrt[c - c/(a*x)]*x)/c - 
((-46*ArcTanh[Sqrt[c - c/(a*x)]/Sqrt[c]])/Sqrt[c] + (32*Sqrt[2]*ArcTanh[Sq 
rt[c - c/(a*x)]/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c])])/Sqrt[c])/(2*a)))/(4*a^2)))/c
 

Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 27
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a   Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] &&  !Ma 
tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
 

rule 73
Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> With[ 
{p = Denominator[m]}, Simp[p/b   Subst[Int[x^(p*(m + 1) - 1)*(c - a*(d/b) + 
 d*(x^p/b))^n, x], x, (a + b*x)^(1/p)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && Lt 
Q[-1, m, 0] && LeQ[-1, n, 0] && LeQ[Denominator[n], Denominator[m]] && IntL 
inearQ[a, b, c, d, m, n, x]
 

rule 109
Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_) 
)^(p_), x_] :> Simp[(b*c - a*d)*(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^(n - 1)*((e + f 
*x)^(p + 1)/(b*(b*e - a*f)*(m + 1))), x] + Simp[1/(b*(b*e - a*f)*(m + 1)) 
 Int[(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^(n - 2)*(e + f*x)^p*Simp[a*d*(d*e*(n - 1) 
+ c*f*(p + 1)) + b*c*(d*e*(m - n + 2) - c*f*(m + p + 2)) + d*(a*d*f*(n + p) 
 + b*(d*e*(m + 1) - c*f*(m + n + p + 1)))*x, x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, 
d, e, f, p}, x] && LtQ[m, -1] && GtQ[n, 1] && (IntegersQ[2*m, 2*n, 2*p] || 
IntegersQ[m, n + p] || IntegersQ[p, m + n])
 

rule 168
Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_) 
)^(p_)*((g_.) + (h_.)*(x_)), x_] :> Simp[(b*g - a*h)*(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + 
 d*x)^(n + 1)*((e + f*x)^(p + 1)/((m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(b*e - a*f))), x] + S 
imp[1/((m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(b*e - a*f))   Int[(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^n 
*(e + f*x)^p*Simp[(a*d*f*g - b*(d*e + c*f)*g + b*c*e*h)*(m + 1) - (b*g - a* 
h)*(d*e*(n + 1) + c*f*(p + 1)) - d*f*(b*g - a*h)*(m + n + p + 3)*x, x], x], 
 x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, n, p}, x] && ILtQ[m, -1]
 

rule 174
Int[(((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))^(p_)*((g_.) + (h_.)*(x_)))/(((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))* 
((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))), x_] :> Simp[(b*g - a*h)/(b*c - a*d)   Int[(e + f*x)^ 
p/(a + b*x), x], x] - Simp[(d*g - c*h)/(b*c - a*d)   Int[(e + f*x)^p/(c + d 
*x), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h}, x]
 

rule 221
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTanh[x 
/Rt[-a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b]
 

rule 281
Int[(u_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_.)*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(q_.), x_ 
Symbol] :> Simp[(b/d)^p   Int[u*(c + d*x^n)^(p + q), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, 
 c, d, n, p, q}, x] && EqQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && IntegerQ[p] &&  !(IntegerQ[q] & 
& SimplerQ[a + b*x^n, c + d*x^n])
 

rule 948
Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_.)*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(q_. 
), x_Symbol] :> Simp[1/n   Subst[Int[x^(Simplify[(m + 1)/n] - 1)*(a + b*x)^ 
p*(c + d*x)^q, x], x, x^n], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, m, n, p, q}, x] && NeQ 
[b*c - a*d, 0] && IntegerQ[Simplify[(m + 1)/n]]
 

rule 1070
Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^(mn_.))^(q_.)*((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_.))^ 
(p_.)*((e_) + (f_.)*(x_)^(n_.))^(r_.), x_Symbol] :> Int[x^(m + n*(p + r))*( 
b + a/x^n)^p*(c + d/x^n)^q*(f + e/x^n)^r, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m, 
 n, q}, x] && EqQ[mn, -n] && IntegerQ[p] && IntegerQ[r]
 

rule 6683
Int[E^(ArcTanh[(a_.)*(x_)]*(n_))*(u_.)*((c_) + (d_.)/(x_))^(p_), x_Symbol] 
:> Int[u*(c + d/x)^p*((1 + a*x)^(n/2)/(1 - a*x)^(n/2)), x] /; FreeQ[{a, c, 
d, p}, x] && EqQ[c^2 - a^2*d^2, 0] &&  !IntegerQ[p] && IntegerQ[n/2] &&  !G 
tQ[c, 0]
 
Maple [A] (verified)

Time = 0.19 (sec) , antiderivative size = 182, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.49

method result size
risch \(-\frac {\left (2 a x -9\right ) x \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a x -1\right )}{a x}}}{4 a}-\frac {\left (\frac {23 \ln \left (\frac {-\frac {1}{2} a c +a^{2} c x}{\sqrt {a^{2} c}}+\sqrt {a^{2} c \,x^{2}-a c x}\right )}{8 a \sqrt {a^{2} c}}+\frac {2 \sqrt {2}\, \ln \left (\frac {4 c -3 \left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right ) a c +2 \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {c}\, \sqrt {\left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right )^{2} a^{2} c -3 \left (x +\frac {1}{a}\right ) a c +2 c}}{x +\frac {1}{a}}\right )}{a^{2} \sqrt {c}}\right ) \sqrt {c \left (a x -1\right ) a x}\, \sqrt {\frac {c \left (a x -1\right )}{a x}}}{a x -1}\) \(182\)
default \(-\frac {\sqrt {\frac {c \left (a x -1\right )}{a x}}\, x \left (4 \sqrt {a \,x^{2}-x}\, a^{\frac {7}{2}} \sqrt {\frac {1}{a}}\, x -2 \sqrt {a \,x^{2}-x}\, a^{\frac {5}{2}} \sqrt {\frac {1}{a}}-16 \sqrt {x \left (a x -1\right )}\, a^{\frac {5}{2}} \sqrt {\frac {1}{a}}+16 a^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {2}\, \ln \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {1}{a}}\, \sqrt {x \left (a x -1\right )}\, a -3 a x +1}{a x +1}\right )+24 a^{2} \ln \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {x \left (a x -1\right )}\, \sqrt {a}+2 a x -1}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1}{a}}-\ln \left (\frac {2 \sqrt {a \,x^{2}-x}\, \sqrt {a}+2 a x -1}{2 \sqrt {a}}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1}{a}}\, a^{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt {x \left (a x -1\right )}\, a^{\frac {7}{2}} \sqrt {\frac {1}{a}}}\) \(216\)

Input:

int((c-c/a/x)^(1/2)*x/(a*x+1)^2*(-a^2*x^2+1),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 

Output:

-1/4*(2*a*x-9)/a*x*(c*(a*x-1)/a/x)^(1/2)-(23/8/a*ln((-1/2*a*c+a^2*c*x)/(a^ 
2*c)^(1/2)+(a^2*c*x^2-a*c*x)^(1/2))/(a^2*c)^(1/2)+2/a^2*2^(1/2)/c^(1/2)*ln 
((4*c-3*(x+1/a)*a*c+2*2^(1/2)*c^(1/2)*((x+1/a)^2*a^2*c-3*(x+1/a)*a*c+2*c)^ 
(1/2))/(x+1/a)))*(c*(a*x-1)*a*x)^(1/2)*(c*(a*x-1)/a/x)^(1/2)/(a*x-1)
 

Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.12 (sec) , antiderivative size = 259, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.12 \[ \int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx=\left [\frac {16 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} \log \left (-\frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} x \sqrt {\frac {a c x - c}{a x}} + 3 \, a c x - c}{a x + 1}\right ) - 2 \, {\left (2 \, a^{2} x^{2} - 9 \, a x\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a c x - c}{a x}} + 23 \, \sqrt {c} \log \left (-2 \, a c x + 2 \, a \sqrt {c} x \sqrt {\frac {a c x - c}{a x}} + c\right )}{8 \, a^{2}}, -\frac {16 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-c} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} a \sqrt {-c} x \sqrt {\frac {a c x - c}{a x}}}{a c x - c}\right ) + {\left (2 \, a^{2} x^{2} - 9 \, a x\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a c x - c}{a x}} - 23 \, \sqrt {-c} \arctan \left (\frac {a \sqrt {-c} x \sqrt {\frac {a c x - c}{a x}}}{a c x - c}\right )}{4 \, a^{2}}\right ] \] Input:

integrate((c-c/a/x)^(1/2)*x/(a*x+1)^2*(-a^2*x^2+1),x, algorithm="fricas")
 

Output:

[1/8*(16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(c)*log(-(2*sqrt(2)*a*sqrt(c)*x*sqrt((a*c*x - c)/(a*x 
)) + 3*a*c*x - c)/(a*x + 1)) - 2*(2*a^2*x^2 - 9*a*x)*sqrt((a*c*x - c)/(a*x 
)) + 23*sqrt(c)*log(-2*a*c*x + 2*a*sqrt(c)*x*sqrt((a*c*x - c)/(a*x)) + c)) 
/a^2, -1/4*(16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(-c)*arctan(sqrt(2)*a*sqrt(-c)*x*sqrt((a*c*x - 
c)/(a*x))/(a*c*x - c)) + (2*a^2*x^2 - 9*a*x)*sqrt((a*c*x - c)/(a*x)) - 23* 
sqrt(-c)*arctan(a*sqrt(-c)*x*sqrt((a*c*x - c)/(a*x))/(a*c*x - c)))/a^2]
 

Sympy [F]

\[ \int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx=- \int \left (- \frac {x \sqrt {c - \frac {c}{a x}}}{a x + 1}\right )\, dx - \int \frac {a x^{2} \sqrt {c - \frac {c}{a x}}}{a x + 1}\, dx \] Input:

integrate((c-c/a/x)**(1/2)*x/(a*x+1)**2*(-a**2*x**2+1),x)
 

Output:

-Integral(-x*sqrt(c - c/(a*x))/(a*x + 1), x) - Integral(a*x**2*sqrt(c - c/ 
(a*x))/(a*x + 1), x)
 

Maxima [F]

\[ \int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx=\int { -\frac {{\left (a^{2} x^{2} - 1\right )} \sqrt {c - \frac {c}{a x}} x}{{\left (a x + 1\right )}^{2}} \,d x } \] Input:

integrate((c-c/a/x)^(1/2)*x/(a*x+1)^2*(-a^2*x^2+1),x, algorithm="maxima")
 

Output:

-integrate((a^2*x^2 - 1)*sqrt(c - c/(a*x))*x/(a*x + 1)^2, x)
 

Giac [F(-2)]

Exception generated. \[ \int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx=\text {Exception raised: TypeError} \] Input:

integrate((c-c/a/x)^(1/2)*x/(a*x+1)^2*(-a^2*x^2+1),x, algorithm="giac")
 

Output:

Exception raised: TypeError >> an error occurred running a Giac command:IN 
PUT:sage2:=int(sage0,sageVARx):;OUTPUT:Error: Bad Argument Type
 

Mupad [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx=-\int \frac {x\,\sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a\,x}}\,\left (a^2\,x^2-1\right )}{{\left (a\,x+1\right )}^2} \,d x \] Input:

int(-(x*(c - c/(a*x))^(1/2)*(a^2*x^2 - 1))/(a*x + 1)^2,x)
 

Output:

-int((x*(c - c/(a*x))^(1/2)*(a^2*x^2 - 1))/(a*x + 1)^2, x)
 

Reduce [B] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.15 (sec) , antiderivative size = 123, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.01 \[ \int e^{-2 \text {arctanh}(a x)} \sqrt {c-\frac {c}{a x}} x \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {c}\, \left (-2 \sqrt {x}\, \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {a x -1}\, a x +9 \sqrt {x}\, \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {a x -1}+8 \sqrt {2}\, \mathrm {log}\left (\sqrt {a x -1}+\sqrt {x}\, \sqrt {a}-\sqrt {2}\, i +i \right )+8 \sqrt {2}\, \mathrm {log}\left (\sqrt {a x -1}+\sqrt {x}\, \sqrt {a}+\sqrt {2}\, i -i \right )-8 \sqrt {2}\, \mathrm {log}\left (2 \sqrt {x}\, \sqrt {a}\, \sqrt {a x -1}+2 \sqrt {2}+2 a x +2\right )-23 \,\mathrm {log}\left (\sqrt {a x -1}+\sqrt {x}\, \sqrt {a}\right )\right )}{4 a^{2}} \] Input:

int((c-c/a/x)^(1/2)*x/(a*x+1)^2*(-a^2*x^2+1),x)
 

Output:

(sqrt(c)*( - 2*sqrt(x)*sqrt(a)*sqrt(a*x - 1)*a*x + 9*sqrt(x)*sqrt(a)*sqrt( 
a*x - 1) + 8*sqrt(2)*log(sqrt(a*x - 1) + sqrt(x)*sqrt(a) - sqrt(2)*i + i) 
+ 8*sqrt(2)*log(sqrt(a*x - 1) + sqrt(x)*sqrt(a) + sqrt(2)*i - i) - 8*sqrt( 
2)*log(2*sqrt(x)*sqrt(a)*sqrt(a*x - 1) + 2*sqrt(2) + 2*a*x + 2) - 23*log(s 
qrt(a*x - 1) + sqrt(x)*sqrt(a))))/(4*a**2)