Integrand size = 38, antiderivative size = 142 \[ \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx=-\frac {B i (c+d x)}{b g^2 (a+b x)}-\frac {i (c+d x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{b g^2 (a+b x)}-\frac {d i \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right ) \log \left (1-\frac {b (c+d x)}{d (a+b x)}\right )}{b^2 g^2}+\frac {B d i \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {b (c+d x)}{d (a+b x)}\right )}{b^2 g^2} \] Output:
-B*i*(d*x+c)/b/g^2/(b*x+a)-i*(d*x+c)*(A+B*ln(e*(b*x+a)/(d*x+c)))/b/g^2/(b* x+a)-d*i*(A+B*ln(e*(b*x+a)/(d*x+c)))*ln(1-b*(d*x+c)/d/(b*x+a))/b^2/g^2+B*d *i*polylog(2,b*(d*x+c)/d/(b*x+a))/b^2/g^2
Time = 0.18 (sec) , antiderivative size = 175, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.23 \[ \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx=\frac {i \left (-2 (A+B) (b c-a d)-B d (a+b x) \log ^2(a+b x)+2 (-b B c+a B d) \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )+2 B d (a+b x) \log (c+d x)+2 d (a+b x) \log (a+b x) \left (A-B+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )+B \log \left (\frac {b (c+d x)}{b c-a d}\right )\right )+2 B d (a+b x) \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {d (a+b x)}{-b c+a d}\right )\right )}{2 b^2 g^2 (a+b x)} \] Input:
Integrate[((c*i + d*i*x)*(A + B*Log[(e*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x)]))/(a*g + b*g* x)^2,x]
Output:
(i*(-2*(A + B)*(b*c - a*d) - B*d*(a + b*x)*Log[a + b*x]^2 + 2*(-(b*B*c) + a*B*d)*Log[(e*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x)] + 2*B*d*(a + b*x)*Log[c + d*x] + 2*d*( a + b*x)*Log[a + b*x]*(A - B + B*Log[(e*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x)] + B*Log[(b*( c + d*x))/(b*c - a*d)]) + 2*B*d*(a + b*x)*PolyLog[2, (d*(a + b*x))/(-(b*c) + a*d)]))/(2*b^2*g^2*(a + b*x))
Time = 0.51 (sec) , antiderivative size = 134, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.94, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.132, Rules used = {2962, 2780, 2741, 2779, 2838}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )+A\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2962 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {i \int \frac {(c+d x)^2 \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a+b x)^2 \left (b-\frac {d (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )}d\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}}{g^2}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2780 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {i \left (\frac {\int \frac {(c+d x)^2 \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a+b x)^2}d\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}}{b}+\frac {d \int \frac {(c+d x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a+b x) \left (b-\frac {d (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )}d\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}}{b}\right )}{g^2}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2741 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {i \left (\frac {d \int \frac {(c+d x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a+b x) \left (b-\frac {d (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )}d\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}}{b}+\frac {-\frac {(c+d x) \left (B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )+A\right )}{a+b x}-\frac {B (c+d x)}{a+b x}}{b}\right )}{g^2}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2779 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {i \left (\frac {d \left (\frac {B \int \frac {(c+d x) \log \left (1-\frac {b (c+d x)}{d (a+b x)}\right )}{a+b x}d\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}}{b}-\frac {\log \left (1-\frac {b (c+d x)}{d (a+b x)}\right ) \left (B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )+A\right )}{b}\right )}{b}+\frac {-\frac {(c+d x) \left (B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )+A\right )}{a+b x}-\frac {B (c+d x)}{a+b x}}{b}\right )}{g^2}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 2838 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {i \left (\frac {d \left (\frac {B \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {b (c+d x)}{d (a+b x)}\right )}{b}-\frac {\log \left (1-\frac {b (c+d x)}{d (a+b x)}\right ) \left (B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )+A\right )}{b}\right )}{b}+\frac {-\frac {(c+d x) \left (B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )+A\right )}{a+b x}-\frac {B (c+d x)}{a+b x}}{b}\right )}{g^2}\) |
Input:
Int[((c*i + d*i*x)*(A + B*Log[(e*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x)]))/(a*g + b*g*x)^2,x ]
Output:
(i*((-((B*(c + d*x))/(a + b*x)) - ((c + d*x)*(A + B*Log[(e*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x)]))/(a + b*x))/b + (d*(-(((A + B*Log[(e*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x)])*Log[1 - (b*(c + d*x))/(d*(a + b*x))])/b) + (B*PolyLog[2, (b*(c + d*x))/(d*(a + b *x))])/b))/b))/g^2
Int[((a_.) + Log[(c_.)*(x_)^(n_.)]*(b_.))*((d_.)*(x_))^(m_.), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(d*x)^(m + 1)*((a + b*Log[c*x^n])/(d*(m + 1))), x] - Simp[b*n*((d*x)^( m + 1)/(d*(m + 1)^2)), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, m, n}, x] && NeQ[m, -1]
Int[((a_.) + Log[(c_.)*(x_)^(n_.)]*(b_.))^(p_.)/((x_)*((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^(r _.))), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-Log[1 + d/(e*x^r)])*((a + b*Log[c*x^n])^p/(d*r)) , x] + Simp[b*n*(p/(d*r)) Int[Log[1 + d/(e*x^r)]*((a + b*Log[c*x^n])^(p - 1)/x), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, n, r}, x] && IGtQ[p, 0]
Int[(((a_.) + Log[(c_.)*(x_)^(n_.)]*(b_.))^(p_.)*(x_)^(m_.))/((d_) + (e_.)* (x_)^(r_.)), x_Symbol] :> Simp[1/d Int[x^m*(a + b*Log[c*x^n])^p, x], x] - Simp[e/d Int[(x^(m + r)*(a + b*Log[c*x^n])^p)/(d + e*x^r), x], x] /; Fre eQ[{a, b, c, d, e, m, n, r}, x] && IGtQ[p, 0] && IGtQ[r, 0] && ILtQ[m, -1]
Int[Log[(c_.)*((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^(n_.))]/(x_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[-PolyLog[2 , (-c)*e*x^n]/n, x] /; FreeQ[{c, d, e, n}, x] && EqQ[c*d, 1]
Int[((A_.) + Log[(e_.)*((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(n_.)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(mn_ )]*(B_.))^(p_.)*((f_.) + (g_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((h_.) + (i_.)*(x_))^(q_.), x_Sy mbol] :> Simp[(b*c - a*d)^(m + q + 1)*(g/b)^m*(i/d)^q Subst[Int[x^m*((A + B*Log[e*x^n])^p/(b - d*x)^(m + q + 2)), x], x, (a + b*x)/(c + d*x)], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, A, B, n, p}, x] && EqQ[n + mn, 0] && IGt Q[n, 0] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && EqQ[b*f - a*g, 0] && EqQ[d*h - c*i, 0] && I ntegersQ[m, q]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(369\) vs. \(2(142)=284\).
Time = 2.99 (sec) , antiderivative size = 370, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.61
| method | result | size |
| parts | \(\frac {i A \left (\frac {d \ln \left (b x +a \right )}{b^{2}}-\frac {-d a +b c}{b^{2} \left (b x +a \right )}\right )}{g^{2}}-\frac {i B \left (d a -b c \right )^{2} e^{2} \left (-\frac {\left (-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}{\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}}-\frac {1}{\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}}\right ) d^{3}}{\left (d a -b c \right )^{2} b e}-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )^{2} d^{4}}{2 \left (d a -b c \right )^{2} b^{2} e^{2}}+\frac {\left (\frac {\operatorname {dilog}\left (-\frac {\left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d -b e}{b e}\right )}{d}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {\left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d -b e}{b e}\right )}{d}\right ) d^{5}}{\left (d a -b c \right )^{2} b^{2} e^{2}}\right )}{g^{2} d^{3}}\) | \(370\) |
| derivativedivides | \(-\frac {e \left (d a -b c \right ) \left (-\frac {i \,d^{2} e A \left (-\frac {1}{b e \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}+\frac {d \ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}{b^{2} e^{2}}-\frac {d \ln \left (b e -\left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d \right )}{b^{2} e^{2}}\right )}{\left (d a -b c \right ) g^{2}}-\frac {i \,d^{2} e B \left (\frac {-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}{\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}}-\frac {1}{\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}}}{b e}-\frac {\left (\frac {\operatorname {dilog}\left (-\frac {\left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d -b e}{b e}\right )}{d}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {\left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d -b e}{b e}\right )}{d}\right ) d^{2}}{b^{2} e^{2}}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )^{2} d}{2 b^{2} e^{2}}\right )}{\left (d a -b c \right ) g^{2}}\right )}{d^{2}}\) | \(448\) |
| default | \(-\frac {e \left (d a -b c \right ) \left (-\frac {i \,d^{2} e A \left (-\frac {1}{b e \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}+\frac {d \ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}{b^{2} e^{2}}-\frac {d \ln \left (b e -\left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d \right )}{b^{2} e^{2}}\right )}{\left (d a -b c \right ) g^{2}}-\frac {i \,d^{2} e B \left (\frac {-\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}{\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}}-\frac {1}{\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}}}{b e}-\frac {\left (\frac {\operatorname {dilog}\left (-\frac {\left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d -b e}{b e}\right )}{d}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \ln \left (-\frac {\left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d -b e}{b e}\right )}{d}\right ) d^{2}}{b^{2} e^{2}}+\frac {\ln \left (\frac {b e}{d}+\frac {\left (d a -b c \right ) e}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )^{2} d}{2 b^{2} e^{2}}\right )}{\left (d a -b c \right ) g^{2}}\right )}{d^{2}}\) | \(448\) |
| risch | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(1130\) |
Input:
int((d*i*x+c*i)*(A+B*ln(e*(b*x+a)/(d*x+c)))/(b*g*x+a*g)^2,x,method=_RETURN VERBOSE)
Output:
i*A/g^2*(d/b^2*ln(b*x+a)-(-a*d+b*c)/b^2/(b*x+a))-i*B/g^2/d^3*(a*d-b*c)^2*e ^2*(-(-1/(b*e/d+(a*d-b*c)*e/d/(d*x+c))*ln(b*e/d+(a*d-b*c)*e/d/(d*x+c))-1/( b*e/d+(a*d-b*c)*e/d/(d*x+c)))/(a*d-b*c)^2*d^3/b/e-1/2*ln(b*e/d+(a*d-b*c)*e /d/(d*x+c))^2/(a*d-b*c)^2*d^4/b^2/e^2+(dilog(-((b*e/d+(a*d-b*c)*e/d/(d*x+c ))*d-b*e)/b/e)/d+ln(b*e/d+(a*d-b*c)*e/d/(d*x+c))*ln(-((b*e/d+(a*d-b*c)*e/d /(d*x+c))*d-b*e)/b/e)/d)/(a*d-b*c)^2*d^5/b^2/e^2)
\[ \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (d i x + c i\right )} {\left (B \log \left (\frac {{\left (b x + a\right )} e}{d x + c}\right ) + A\right )}}{{\left (b g x + a g\right )}^{2}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate((d*i*x+c*i)*(A+B*log(e*(b*x+a)/(d*x+c)))/(b*g*x+a*g)^2,x, algori thm="fricas")
Output:
integral((A*d*i*x + A*c*i + (B*d*i*x + B*c*i)*log((b*e*x + a*e)/(d*x + c)) )/(b^2*g^2*x^2 + 2*a*b*g^2*x + a^2*g^2), x)
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \] Input:
integrate((d*i*x+c*i)*(A+B*ln(e*(b*x+a)/(d*x+c)))/(b*g*x+a*g)**2,x)
Output:
Timed out
\[ \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (d i x + c i\right )} {\left (B \log \left (\frac {{\left (b x + a\right )} e}{d x + c}\right ) + A\right )}}{{\left (b g x + a g\right )}^{2}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate((d*i*x+c*i)*(A+B*log(e*(b*x+a)/(d*x+c)))/(b*g*x+a*g)^2,x, algori thm="maxima")
Output:
-B*d*i*(((b*x + a)*log(b*x + a) + a)*log(d*x + c)/(b^3*g^2*x + a*b^2*g^2) - integrate((b^2*d*x^2*log(e) + a^2*d + (b^2*c*log(e) + a*b*d)*x + (2*b^2* d*x^2 + a^2*d + (b^2*c + 2*a*b*d)*x)*log(b*x + a))/(b^4*d*g^2*x^3 + a^2*b^ 2*c*g^2 + (b^4*c*g^2 + 2*a*b^3*d*g^2)*x^2 + (2*a*b^3*c*g^2 + a^2*b^2*d*g^2 )*x), x)) + A*d*i*(a/(b^3*g^2*x + a*b^2*g^2) + log(b*x + a)/(b^2*g^2)) - B *c*i*(log(b*e*x/(d*x + c) + a*e/(d*x + c))/(b^2*g^2*x + a*b*g^2) + 1/(b^2* g^2*x + a*b*g^2) + d*log(b*x + a)/((b^2*c - a*b*d)*g^2) - d*log(d*x + c)/( (b^2*c - a*b*d)*g^2)) - A*c*i/(b^2*g^2*x + a*b*g^2)
\[ \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (d i x + c i\right )} {\left (B \log \left (\frac {{\left (b x + a\right )} e}{d x + c}\right ) + A\right )}}{{\left (b g x + a g\right )}^{2}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate((d*i*x+c*i)*(A+B*log(e*(b*x+a)/(d*x+c)))/(b*g*x+a*g)^2,x, algori thm="giac")
Output:
integrate((d*i*x + c*i)*(B*log((b*x + a)*e/(d*x + c)) + A)/(b*g*x + a*g)^2 , x)
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx=\int \frac {\left (c\,i+d\,i\,x\right )\,\left (A+B\,\ln \left (\frac {e\,\left (a+b\,x\right )}{c+d\,x}\right )\right )}{{\left (a\,g+b\,g\,x\right )}^2} \,d x \] Input:
int(((c*i + d*i*x)*(A + B*log((e*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x))))/(a*g + b*g*x)^2,x )
Output:
int(((c*i + d*i*x)*(A + B*log((e*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x))))/(a*g + b*g*x)^2, x)
\[ \int \frac {(c i+d i x) \left (A+B \log \left (\frac {e (a+b x)}{c+d x}\right )\right )}{(a g+b g x)^2} \, dx=\frac {i \left (\left (\int \frac {\mathrm {log}\left (\frac {b e x +a e}{d x +c}\right ) x}{b^{2} x^{2}+2 a b x +a^{2}}d x \right ) a^{3} b^{3} d^{2}-\left (\int \frac {\mathrm {log}\left (\frac {b e x +a e}{d x +c}\right ) x}{b^{2} x^{2}+2 a b x +a^{2}}d x \right ) a^{2} b^{4} c d +\left (\int \frac {\mathrm {log}\left (\frac {b e x +a e}{d x +c}\right ) x}{b^{2} x^{2}+2 a b x +a^{2}}d x \right ) a^{2} b^{4} d^{2} x -\left (\int \frac {\mathrm {log}\left (\frac {b e x +a e}{d x +c}\right ) x}{b^{2} x^{2}+2 a b x +a^{2}}d x \right ) a \,b^{5} c d x +\mathrm {log}\left (b x +a \right ) a^{4} d^{2}-\mathrm {log}\left (b x +a \right ) a^{3} b c d +\mathrm {log}\left (b x +a \right ) a^{3} b \,d^{2} x -\mathrm {log}\left (b x +a \right ) a^{2} b^{2} c d x +\mathrm {log}\left (b x +a \right ) a \,b^{3} c^{2}+\mathrm {log}\left (b x +a \right ) b^{4} c^{2} x -\mathrm {log}\left (d x +c \right ) a \,b^{3} c^{2}-\mathrm {log}\left (d x +c \right ) b^{4} c^{2} x +\mathrm {log}\left (\frac {b e x +a e}{d x +c}\right ) a \,b^{3} c d x -\mathrm {log}\left (\frac {b e x +a e}{d x +c}\right ) b^{4} c^{2} x -a^{3} b \,d^{2} x +2 a^{2} b^{2} c d x -a \,b^{3} c^{2} x +a \,b^{3} c d x -b^{4} c^{2} x \right )}{a \,b^{2} g^{2} \left (a b d x -b^{2} c x +a^{2} d -a b c \right )} \] Input:
int((d*i*x+c*i)*(A+B*log(e*(b*x+a)/(d*x+c)))/(b*g*x+a*g)^2,x)
Output:
(i*(int((log((a*e + b*e*x)/(c + d*x))*x)/(a**2 + 2*a*b*x + b**2*x**2),x)*a **3*b**3*d**2 - int((log((a*e + b*e*x)/(c + d*x))*x)/(a**2 + 2*a*b*x + b** 2*x**2),x)*a**2*b**4*c*d + int((log((a*e + b*e*x)/(c + d*x))*x)/(a**2 + 2* a*b*x + b**2*x**2),x)*a**2*b**4*d**2*x - int((log((a*e + b*e*x)/(c + d*x)) *x)/(a**2 + 2*a*b*x + b**2*x**2),x)*a*b**5*c*d*x + log(a + b*x)*a**4*d**2 - log(a + b*x)*a**3*b*c*d + log(a + b*x)*a**3*b*d**2*x - log(a + b*x)*a**2 *b**2*c*d*x + log(a + b*x)*a*b**3*c**2 + log(a + b*x)*b**4*c**2*x - log(c + d*x)*a*b**3*c**2 - log(c + d*x)*b**4*c**2*x + log((a*e + b*e*x)/(c + d*x ))*a*b**3*c*d*x - log((a*e + b*e*x)/(c + d*x))*b**4*c**2*x - a**3*b*d**2*x + 2*a**2*b**2*c*d*x - a*b**3*c**2*x + a*b**3*c*d*x - b**4*c**2*x))/(a*b** 2*g**2*(a**2*d - a*b*c + a*b*d*x - b**2*c*x))