Integrand size = 14, antiderivative size = 105 \[ \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {2} \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {1}{2},\frac {1}{2},\frac {2}{3},\frac {3}{2},\frac {1}{2} (1-\cos (c+d x)),\frac {b (1-\cos (c+d x))}{a+b}\right ) \left (\frac {a+b \cos (c+d x)}{a+b}\right )^{2/3} \sin (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {1+\cos (c+d x)} (a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \] Output:
2^(1/2)*AppellF1(1/2,2/3,1/2,3/2,b*(1-cos(d*x+c))/(a+b),1/2-1/2*cos(d*x+c) )*((a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(a+b))^(2/3)*sin(d*x+c)/d/(1+cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)/(a+b*co s(d*x+c))^(2/3)
Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 116, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.10 \[ \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx=-\frac {3 \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {1}{3},\frac {1}{2},\frac {1}{2},\frac {4}{3},\frac {a+b \cos (c+d x)}{a-b},\frac {a+b \cos (c+d x)}{a+b}\right ) \sqrt {-\frac {b (-1+\cos (c+d x))}{a+b}} \sqrt {\frac {b (1+\cos (c+d x))}{-a+b}} \sqrt [3]{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \csc (c+d x)}{b d} \] Input:
Integrate[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])^(-2/3),x]
Output:
(-3*AppellF1[1/3, 1/2, 1/2, 4/3, (a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/(a - b), (a + b*Cos[ c + d*x])/(a + b)]*Sqrt[-((b*(-1 + Cos[c + d*x]))/(a + b))]*Sqrt[(b*(1 + C os[c + d*x]))/(-a + b)]*(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])^(1/3)*Csc[c + d*x])/(b*d)
Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 105, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.286, Rules used = {3042, 3144, 156, 155}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\left (a+b \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )^{2/3}}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3144 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {\sin (c+d x) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)+1} (a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}}d\cos (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {1-\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)+1}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 156 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {\sin (c+d x) \left (\frac {a+b \cos (c+d x)}{a+b}\right )^{2/3} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)+1} \left (\frac {a}{a+b}+\frac {b \cos (c+d x)}{a+b}\right )^{2/3}}d\cos (c+d x)}{d \sqrt {1-\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)+1} (a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 155 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\sqrt {2} \sin (c+d x) \left (\frac {a+b \cos (c+d x)}{a+b}\right )^{2/3} \operatorname {AppellF1}\left (\frac {1}{2},\frac {1}{2},\frac {2}{3},\frac {3}{2},\frac {1}{2} (1-\cos (c+d x)),\frac {b (1-\cos (c+d x))}{a+b}\right )}{d \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)+1} (a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}}\) |
Input:
Int[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])^(-2/3),x]
Output:
(Sqrt[2]*AppellF1[1/2, 1/2, 2/3, 3/2, (1 - Cos[c + d*x])/2, (b*(1 - Cos[c + d*x]))/(a + b)]*((a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/(a + b))^(2/3)*Sin[c + d*x])/(d*Sq rt[1 + Cos[c + d*x]]*(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])^(2/3))
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)) ^(p_), x_] :> Simp[((a + b*x)^(m + 1)/(b*(m + 1)*Simplify[b/(b*c - a*d)]^n* Simplify[b/(b*e - a*f)]^p))*AppellF1[m + 1, -n, -p, m + 2, (-d)*((a + b*x)/ (b*c - a*d)), (-f)*((a + b*x)/(b*e - a*f))], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m, n, p}, x] && !IntegerQ[m] && !IntegerQ[n] && !IntegerQ[p] && GtQ[Sim plify[b/(b*c - a*d)], 0] && GtQ[Simplify[b/(b*e - a*f)], 0] && !(GtQ[Simpl ify[d/(d*a - c*b)], 0] && GtQ[Simplify[d/(d*e - c*f)], 0] && SimplerQ[c + d *x, a + b*x]) && !(GtQ[Simplify[f/(f*a - e*b)], 0] && GtQ[Simplify[f/(f*c - e*d)], 0] && SimplerQ[e + f*x, a + b*x])
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)) ^(p_), x_] :> Simp[(e + f*x)^FracPart[p]/(Simplify[b/(b*e - a*f)]^IntPart[p ]*(b*((e + f*x)/(b*e - a*f)))^FracPart[p]) Int[(a + b*x)^m*(c + d*x)^n*Si mp[b*(e/(b*e - a*f)) + b*f*(x/(b*e - a*f)), x]^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m, n, p}, x] && !IntegerQ[m] && !IntegerQ[n] && !IntegerQ[p] & & GtQ[Simplify[b/(b*c - a*d)], 0] && !GtQ[Simplify[b/(b*e - a*f)], 0]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)])^(n_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Cos[c + d*x]/(d*Sqrt[1 + Sin[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[1 - Sin[c + d*x]]) Subst[Int[(a + b*x )^n/(Sqrt[1 + x]*Sqrt[1 - x]), x], x, Sin[c + d*x]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, n}, x] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && !IntegerQ[2*n]
\[\int \frac {1}{\left (a +\cos \left (d x +c \right ) b \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}d x\]
Input:
int(1/(a+cos(d*x+c)*b)^(2/3),x)
Output:
int(1/(a+cos(d*x+c)*b)^(2/3),x)
\[ \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate(1/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(2/3),x, algorithm="fricas")
Output:
integral((b*cos(d*x + c) + a)^(-2/3), x)
\[ \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\left (a + b \cos {\left (c + d x \right )}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}\, dx \] Input:
integrate(1/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))**(2/3),x)
Output:
Integral((a + b*cos(c + d*x))**(-2/3), x)
\[ \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate(1/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(2/3),x, algorithm="maxima")
Output:
integrate((b*cos(d*x + c) + a)^(-2/3), x)
\[ \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a\right )}^{\frac {2}{3}}} \,d x } \] Input:
integrate(1/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(2/3),x, algorithm="giac")
Output:
integrate((b*cos(d*x + c) + a)^(-2/3), x)
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{{\left (a+b\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )\right )}^{2/3}} \,d x \] Input:
int(1/(a + b*cos(c + d*x))^(2/3),x)
Output:
int(1/(a + b*cos(c + d*x))^(2/3), x)
\[ \int \frac {1}{(a+b \cos (c+d x))^{2/3}} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\left (\cos \left (d x +c \right ) b +a \right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}d x \] Input:
int(1/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(2/3),x)
Output:
int(1/(cos(c + d*x)*b + a)**(2/3),x)