Integrand size = 19, antiderivative size = 68 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx=-\frac {2 b \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a \sqrt {a-b} \sqrt {a+b} d}+\frac {\text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{a d} \] Output:
-2*b*arctan((a-b)^(1/2)*tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)/(a+b)^(1/2))/a/(a-b)^(1/2)/(a+b )^(1/2)/d+arctanh(sin(d*x+c))/a/d
Time = 0.31 (sec) , antiderivative size = 102, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.50 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx=\frac {\frac {2 b \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a-b) \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}-\log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )-\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )+\log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a d} \] Input:
Integrate[Sec[c + d*x]/(a + b*Cos[c + d*x]),x]
Output:
((2*b*ArcTanh[((a - b)*Tan[(c + d*x)/2])/Sqrt[-a^2 + b^2]])/Sqrt[-a^2 + b^ 2] - Log[Cos[(c + d*x)/2] - Sin[(c + d*x)/2]] + Log[Cos[(c + d*x)/2] + Sin [(c + d*x)/2]])/(a*d)
Time = 0.35 (sec) , antiderivative size = 68, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.316, Rules used = {3042, 3226, 3042, 3138, 218, 4257}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right ) \left (a+b \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3226 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\int \sec (c+d x)dx}{a}-\frac {b \int \frac {1}{a+b \cos (c+d x)}dx}{a}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\int \csc \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )dx}{a}-\frac {b \int \frac {1}{a+b \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}dx}{a}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3138 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\int \csc \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )dx}{a}-\frac {2 b \int \frac {1}{(a-b) \tan ^2\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )+a+b}d\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{a d}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 218 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\int \csc \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )dx}{a}-\frac {2 b \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a d \sqrt {a-b} \sqrt {a+b}}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4257 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\text {arctanh}(\sin (c+d x))}{a d}-\frac {2 b \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a d \sqrt {a-b} \sqrt {a+b}}\) |
Input:
Int[Sec[c + d*x]/(a + b*Cos[c + d*x]),x]
Output:
(-2*b*ArcTan[(Sqrt[a - b]*Tan[(c + d*x)/2])/Sqrt[a + b]])/(a*Sqrt[a - b]*S qrt[a + b]*d) + ArcTanh[Sin[c + d*x]]/(a*d)
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTan[x/R t[a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*sin[Pi/2 + (c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)])^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{ e = FreeFactors[Tan[(c + d*x)/2], x]}, Simp[2*(e/d) Subst[Int[1/(a + b + (a - b)*e^2*x^2), x], x, Tan[(c + d*x)/2]/e], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0]
Int[1/(((a_.) + (b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])*((c_.) + (d_.)*sin[(e_.) + ( f_.)*(x_)])), x_Symbol] :> Simp[b/(b*c - a*d) Int[1/(a + b*Sin[e + f*x]), x], x] - Simp[d/(b*c - a*d) Int[1/(c + d*Sin[e + f*x]), x], x] /; FreeQ[ {a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0]
Int[csc[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)], x_Symbol] :> Simp[-ArcTanh[Cos[c + d*x]]/d, x] /; FreeQ[{c, d}, x]
Time = 1.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 83, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.22
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {-\frac {2 b \arctan \left (\frac {\left (a -b \right ) \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (a -b \right ) \left (a +b \right )}}\right )}{a \sqrt {\left (a -b \right ) \left (a +b \right )}}-\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{a}+\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}{a}}{d}\) | \(83\) |
default | \(\frac {-\frac {2 b \arctan \left (\frac {\left (a -b \right ) \tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (a -b \right ) \left (a +b \right )}}\right )}{a \sqrt {\left (a -b \right ) \left (a +b \right )}}-\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right )}{a}+\frac {\ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right )}{a}}{d}\) | \(83\) |
risch | \(-\frac {b \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-\frac {i a^{2}-i b^{2}-a \sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}{b \sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}\, d a}+\frac {b \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+\frac {i a^{2}-i b^{2}+a \sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}{b \sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {-a^{2}+b^{2}}\, d a}+\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}+i\right )}{a d}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i \left (d x +c \right )}-i\right )}{a d}\) | \(188\) |
Input:
int(sec(d*x+c)/(a+cos(d*x+c)*b),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
Output:
1/d*(-2*b/a/((a-b)*(a+b))^(1/2)*arctan((a-b)*tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)/((a-b)*(a+ b))^(1/2))-1/a*ln(tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)-1)+1/a*ln(tan(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)+1))
Time = 0.12 (sec) , antiderivative size = 278, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.09 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx=\left [-\frac {\sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} b \log \left (\frac {2 \, a b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (2 \, a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}} {\left (a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + b\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - a^{2} + 2 \, b^{2}}{b^{2} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, a b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a^{2}}\right ) - {\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \log \left (\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right ) + {\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \log \left (-\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}{2 \, {\left (a^{3} - a b^{2}\right )} d}, -\frac {2 \, \sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} b \arctan \left (-\frac {a \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + b}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}\right ) - {\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \log \left (\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right ) + {\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \log \left (-\sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 1\right )}{2 \, {\left (a^{3} - a b^{2}\right )} d}\right ] \] Input:
integrate(sec(d*x+c)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c)),x, algorithm="fricas")
Output:
[-1/2*(sqrt(-a^2 + b^2)*b*log((2*a*b*cos(d*x + c) + (2*a^2 - b^2)*cos(d*x + c)^2 - 2*sqrt(-a^2 + b^2)*(a*cos(d*x + c) + b)*sin(d*x + c) - a^2 + 2*b^ 2)/(b^2*cos(d*x + c)^2 + 2*a*b*cos(d*x + c) + a^2)) - (a^2 - b^2)*log(sin( d*x + c) + 1) + (a^2 - b^2)*log(-sin(d*x + c) + 1))/((a^3 - a*b^2)*d), -1/ 2*(2*sqrt(a^2 - b^2)*b*arctan(-(a*cos(d*x + c) + b)/(sqrt(a^2 - b^2)*sin(d *x + c))) - (a^2 - b^2)*log(sin(d*x + c) + 1) + (a^2 - b^2)*log(-sin(d*x + c) + 1))/((a^3 - a*b^2)*d)]
\[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx=\int \frac {\sec {\left (c + d x \right )}}{a + b \cos {\left (c + d x \right )}}\, dx \] Input:
integrate(sec(d*x+c)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c)),x)
Output:
Integral(sec(c + d*x)/(a + b*cos(c + d*x)), x)
Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \] Input:
integrate(sec(d*x+c)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c)),x, algorithm="maxima")
Output:
Exception raised: ValueError >> Computation failed since Maxima requested additional constraints; using the 'assume' command before evaluation *may* help (example of legal syntax is 'assume(4*b^2-4*a^2>0)', see `assume?` f or more de
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 119 vs. \(2 (59) = 118\).
Time = 0.47 (sec) , antiderivative size = 119, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.75 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx=-\frac {\frac {2 \, {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {d x + c}{2 \, \pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm {sgn}\left (2 \, a - 2 \, b\right ) + \arctan \left (\frac {a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right )}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}}}\right )\right )} b}{\sqrt {a^{2} - b^{2}} a} - \frac {\log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) + 1 \right |}\right )}{a} + \frac {\log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, d x + \frac {1}{2} \, c\right ) - 1 \right |}\right )}{a}}{d} \] Input:
integrate(sec(d*x+c)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c)),x, algorithm="giac")
Output:
-(2*(pi*floor(1/2*(d*x + c)/pi + 1/2)*sgn(2*a - 2*b) + arctan((a*tan(1/2*d *x + 1/2*c) - b*tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c))/sqrt(a^2 - b^2)))*b/(sqrt(a^2 - b^2) *a) - log(abs(tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) + 1))/a + log(abs(tan(1/2*d*x + 1/2*c) - 1))/a)/d
Time = 40.86 (sec) , antiderivative size = 99, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.46 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx=\frac {2\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}\right )}{a\,d}+\frac {2\,b\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {a\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )-b\,\sin \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {c}{2}+\frac {d\,x}{2}\right )\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a\,d\,\sqrt {b^2-a^2}} \] Input:
int(1/(cos(c + d*x)*(a + b*cos(c + d*x))),x)
Output:
(2*atanh(sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2)/cos(c/2 + (d*x)/2)))/(a*d) + (2*b*atanh((a*sin (c/2 + (d*x)/2) - b*sin(c/2 + (d*x)/2))/(cos(c/2 + (d*x)/2)*(b^2 - a^2)^(1 /2))))/(a*d*(b^2 - a^2)^(1/2))
Time = 0.16 (sec) , antiderivative size = 136, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.00 \[ \int \frac {\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \cos (c+d x)} \, dx=\frac {-2 \sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}\, \mathit {atan} \left (\frac {\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) a -\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) b}{\sqrt {a^{2}-b^{2}}}\right ) b -\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right ) a^{2}+\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-1\right ) b^{2}+\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right ) a^{2}-\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+1\right ) b^{2}}{a d \left (a^{2}-b^{2}\right )} \] Input:
int(sec(d*x+c)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c)),x)
Output:
( - 2*sqrt(a**2 - b**2)*atan((tan((c + d*x)/2)*a - tan((c + d*x)/2)*b)/sqr t(a**2 - b**2))*b - log(tan((c + d*x)/2) - 1)*a**2 + log(tan((c + d*x)/2) - 1)*b**2 + log(tan((c + d*x)/2) + 1)*a**2 - log(tan((c + d*x)/2) + 1)*b** 2)/(a*d*(a**2 - b**2))