\(\int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx\) [518]

Optimal result
Mathematica [A] (verified)
Rubi [A] (verified)
Maple [B] (verified)
Fricas [C] (verification not implemented)
Sympy [F]
Maxima [F]
Giac [F]
Mupad [F(-1)]
Reduce [F]

Optimal result

Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 80 \[ \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx=-\frac {\sqrt {7} E\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+\pi +d x)|\frac {8}{7}\right )}{2 d}-\frac {\sqrt {7} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+\pi +d x),\frac {8}{7}\right )}{6 d}+\frac {2 \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \sin (c+d x)}{3 d} \] Output:

-1/2*EllipticE(cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c),2/7*14^(1/2))*7^(1/2)/d-1/6*InverseJacob 
iAM(1/2*d*x+1/2*Pi+1/2*c,2/7*14^(1/2))*7^(1/2)/d+2/3*(3-4*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2 
)*sin(d*x+c)/d
 

Mathematica [A] (verified)

Time = 0.19 (sec) , antiderivative size = 94, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.18 \[ \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx=\frac {3 \sqrt {-3+4 \cos (c+d x)} E\left (\left .\frac {1}{2} (c+d x)\right |8\right )-7 \sqrt {-3+4 \cos (c+d x)} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x),8\right )+12 \sin (c+d x)-8 \sin (2 (c+d x))}{6 d \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}} \] Input:

Integrate[Sqrt[3 - 4*Cos[c + d*x]]*Cos[c + d*x],x]
 

Output:

(3*Sqrt[-3 + 4*Cos[c + d*x]]*EllipticE[(c + d*x)/2, 8] - 7*Sqrt[-3 + 4*Cos 
[c + d*x]]*EllipticF[(c + d*x)/2, 8] + 12*Sin[c + d*x] - 8*Sin[2*(c + d*x) 
])/(6*d*Sqrt[3 - 4*Cos[c + d*x]])
 

Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.42 (sec) , antiderivative size = 85, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.06, number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.381, Rules used = {3042, 3232, 27, 3042, 3231, 3042, 3133, 3141}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042

\(\displaystyle \int \sqrt {3-4 \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )} \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3232

\(\displaystyle \frac {2}{3} \int -\frac {4-3 \cos (c+d x)}{2 \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}dx+\frac {2 \sin (c+d x) \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}{3 d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sin (c+d x) \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}{3 d}-\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {4-3 \cos (c+d x)}{\sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sin (c+d x) \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}{3 d}-\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {4-3 \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}{\sqrt {3-4 \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}}dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3231

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (-\frac {7}{4} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}dx-\frac {3}{4} \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}dx\right )+\frac {2 \sin (c+d x) \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}{3 d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (-\frac {7}{4} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {3-4 \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}}dx-\frac {3}{4} \int \sqrt {3-4 \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}dx\right )+\frac {2 \sin (c+d x) \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}{3 d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3133

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (-\frac {7}{4} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {3-4 \sin \left (c+d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}}dx-\frac {3 \sqrt {7} E\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x+\pi )|\frac {8}{7}\right )}{2 d}\right )+\frac {2 \sin (c+d x) \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}{3 d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3141

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \sin (c+d x) \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)}}{3 d}+\frac {1}{3} \left (-\frac {\sqrt {7} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x+\pi ),\frac {8}{7}\right )}{2 d}-\frac {3 \sqrt {7} E\left (\frac {1}{2} (c+d x+\pi )|\frac {8}{7}\right )}{2 d}\right )\)

Input:

Int[Sqrt[3 - 4*Cos[c + d*x]]*Cos[c + d*x],x]
 

Output:

((-3*Sqrt[7]*EllipticE[(c + Pi + d*x)/2, 8/7])/(2*d) - (Sqrt[7]*EllipticF[ 
(c + Pi + d*x)/2, 8/7])/(2*d))/3 + (2*Sqrt[3 - 4*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sin[c + d*x 
])/(3*d)
 

Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 27
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a   Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] &&  !Ma 
tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
 

rule 3042
Int[u_, x_Symbol] :> Int[DeactivateTrig[u, x], x] /; FunctionOfTrigOfLinear 
Q[u, x]
 

rule 3133
Int[Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]], x_Symbol] :> Simp[2*(Sqrt[a 
 - b]/d)*EllipticE[(1/2)*(c + Pi/2 + d*x), -2*(b/(a - b))], x] /; FreeQ[{a, 
 b, c, d}, x] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && GtQ[a - b, 0]
 

rule 3141
Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(2/(d*S 
qrt[a - b]))*EllipticF[(1/2)*(c + Pi/2 + d*x), -2*(b/(a - b))], x] /; FreeQ 
[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && GtQ[a - b, 0]
 

rule 3231
Int[((c_.) + (d_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*sin[(e_.) + ( 
f_.)*(x_)]], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(b*c - a*d)/b   Int[1/Sqrt[a + b*Sin[e + f*x 
]], x], x] + Simp[d/b   Int[Sqrt[a + b*Sin[e + f*x]], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b 
, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0]
 

rule 3232
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*sin[(e_.) + 
(f_.)*(x_)]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-d)*Cos[e + f*x]*((a + b*Sin[e + f*x])^m/( 
f*(m + 1))), x] + Simp[1/(m + 1)   Int[(a + b*Sin[e + f*x])^(m - 1)*Simp[b* 
d*m + a*c*(m + 1) + (a*d*m + b*c*(m + 1))*Sin[e + f*x], x], x], x] /; FreeQ 
[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && GtQ[m, 
 0] && IntegerQ[2*m]
 
Maple [B] (verified)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(230\) vs. \(2(72)=144\).

Time = 4.11 (sec) , antiderivative size = 231, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.89

method result size
default \(\frac {\sqrt {-\left (8 \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-7\right ) \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}}\, \left (64 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4} \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )-8 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2} \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )+\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{2}}\, \sqrt {56 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-7}\, \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ), \frac {2 \sqrt {14}}{7}\right )+3 \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\cos \left (d x +c \right )}{2}}\, \sqrt {56 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-7}\, \operatorname {EllipticE}\left (\cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ), \frac {2 \sqrt {14}}{7}\right )\right )}{6 \sqrt {8 \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4}-\sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}}\, \sin \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right ) \sqrt {-8 \cos \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}+7}\, d}\) \(231\)

Input:

int((3-4*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)*cos(d*x+c),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 

Output:

1/6*(-(8*cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-7)*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*(64*sin(1/2*d 
*x+1/2*c)^4*cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)-8*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2*cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)+( 
sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*(56*sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2-7)^(1/2)*EllipticF(co 
s(1/2*d*x+1/2*c),2/7*14^(1/2))+3*(sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)*(56*sin(1/2* 
d*x+1/2*c)^2-7)^(1/2)*EllipticE(cos(1/2*d*x+1/2*c),2/7*14^(1/2)))/(8*sin(1 
/2*d*x+1/2*c)^4-sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)^2)^(1/2)/sin(1/2*d*x+1/2*c)/(-8*cos(1/2 
*d*x+1/2*c)^2+7)^(1/2)/d
 

Fricas [C] (verification not implemented)

Result contains complex when optimal does not.

Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 128, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.60 \[ \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx=\frac {8 \, \sqrt {-4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 3} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 5 \, \sqrt {2} {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-1, -1, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + i \, \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - \frac {1}{2}\right ) + 5 \, \sqrt {2} {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-1, -1, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - i \, \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - \frac {1}{2}\right ) + 6 \, \sqrt {2} {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (-1, -1, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-1, -1, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + i \, \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - \frac {1}{2}\right )\right ) + 6 \, \sqrt {2} {\rm weierstrassZeta}\left (-1, -1, {\rm weierstrassPInverse}\left (-1, -1, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) - i \, \sin \left (d x + c\right ) - \frac {1}{2}\right )\right )}{12 \, d} \] Input:

integrate((3-4*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)*cos(d*x+c),x, algorithm="fricas")
 

Output:

1/12*(8*sqrt(-4*cos(d*x + c) + 3)*sin(d*x + c) + 5*sqrt(2)*weierstrassPInv 
erse(-1, -1, cos(d*x + c) + I*sin(d*x + c) - 1/2) + 5*sqrt(2)*weierstrassP 
Inverse(-1, -1, cos(d*x + c) - I*sin(d*x + c) - 1/2) + 6*sqrt(2)*weierstra 
ssZeta(-1, -1, weierstrassPInverse(-1, -1, cos(d*x + c) + I*sin(d*x + c) - 
 1/2)) + 6*sqrt(2)*weierstrassZeta(-1, -1, weierstrassPInverse(-1, -1, cos 
(d*x + c) - I*sin(d*x + c) - 1/2)))/d
 

Sympy [F]

\[ \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx=\int \sqrt {3 - 4 \cos {\left (c + d x \right )}} \cos {\left (c + d x \right )}\, dx \] Input:

integrate((3-4*cos(d*x+c))**(1/2)*cos(d*x+c),x)
 

Output:

Integral(sqrt(3 - 4*cos(c + d*x))*cos(c + d*x), x)
 

Maxima [F]

\[ \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx=\int { \sqrt {-4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 3} \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \,d x } \] Input:

integrate((3-4*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)*cos(d*x+c),x, algorithm="maxima")
 

Output:

integrate(sqrt(-4*cos(d*x + c) + 3)*cos(d*x + c), x)
 

Giac [F]

\[ \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx=\int { \sqrt {-4 \, \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 3} \cos \left (d x + c\right ) \,d x } \] Input:

integrate((3-4*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)*cos(d*x+c),x, algorithm="giac")
 

Output:

integrate(sqrt(-4*cos(d*x + c) + 3)*cos(d*x + c), x)
 

Mupad [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx=\int \cos \left (c+d\,x\right )\,\sqrt {3-4\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )} \,d x \] Input:

int(cos(c + d*x)*(3 - 4*cos(c + d*x))^(1/2),x)
 

Output:

int(cos(c + d*x)*(3 - 4*cos(c + d*x))^(1/2), x)
                                                                                    
                                                                                    
 

Reduce [F]

\[ \int \sqrt {3-4 \cos (c+d x)} \cos (c+d x) \, dx=\int \sqrt {-4 \cos \left (d x +c \right )+3}\, \cos \left (d x +c \right )d x \] Input:

int((3-4*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)*cos(d*x+c),x)
 

Output:

int(sqrt( - 4*cos(c + d*x) + 3)*cos(c + d*x),x)