Integrand size = 25, antiderivative size = 90 \[ \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x)} \, dx=-\frac {b (B-i C) x}{2 a^2}+\frac {\left (i a^2 (B+i C)+b^2 (i B+C)\right ) \log (a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x))}{2 a^2 b}-\frac {(i B+C) (\cos (x)+i \sin (x))}{2 a} \] Output:
-1/2*b*(B-I*C)*x/a^2+1/2*(I*a^2*(B+I*C)+b^2*(I*B+C))*ln(a+b*cos(x)-I*b*sin (x))/a^2/b-1/2*(I*B+C)*(cos(x)+I*sin(x))/a
Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(195\) vs. \(2(90)=180\).
Time = 0.47 (sec) , antiderivative size = 195, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.17 \[ \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x)} \, dx=\frac {\left (a^2 B-b^2 B+i a^2 C+i b^2 C\right ) x}{4 a^2 b}+\frac {\left (a^2 B+b^2 B+i a^2 C-i b^2 C\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {(a+b) \cos \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}{a \sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-b \sin \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )}\right )}{2 a^2 b}-\frac {i (B-i C) \cos (x)}{2 a}+\frac {i \left (a^2 B+b^2 B+i a^2 C-i b^2 C\right ) \log \left (a^2+b^2+2 a b \cos (x)\right )}{4 a^2 b}+\frac {(B-i C) \sin (x)}{2 a} \] Input:
Integrate[(B*Cos[x] + C*Sin[x])/(a + b*Cos[x] - I*b*Sin[x]),x]
Output:
((a^2*B - b^2*B + I*a^2*C + I*b^2*C)*x)/(4*a^2*b) + ((a^2*B + b^2*B + I*a^ 2*C - I*b^2*C)*ArcTan[((a + b)*Cos[x/2])/(a*Sin[x/2] - b*Sin[x/2])])/(2*a^ 2*b) - ((I/2)*(B - I*C)*Cos[x])/a + ((I/4)*(a^2*B + b^2*B + I*a^2*C - I*b^ 2*C)*Log[a^2 + b^2 + 2*a*b*Cos[x]])/(a^2*b) + ((B - I*C)*Sin[x])/(2*a)
Time = 0.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 85, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.94, number of steps used = 2, number of rules used = 2, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.080, Rules used = {3042, 3609}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a-i b \sin (x)+b \cos (x)} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a-i b \sin (x)+b \cos (x)}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3609 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {b x (B-i C)}{2 a^2}+\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {b (C+i B)}{a^2}+\frac {i (B+i C)}{b}\right ) \log (a-i b \sin (x)+b \cos (x))-\frac {(C+i B) (\cos (x)+i \sin (x))}{2 a}\) |
Input:
Int[(B*Cos[x] + C*Sin[x])/(a + b*Cos[x] - I*b*Sin[x]),x]
Output:
-1/2*(b*(B - I*C)*x)/a^2 + (((I*(B + I*C))/b + (b*(I*B + C))/a^2)*Log[a + b*Cos[x] - I*b*Sin[x]])/2 - ((I*B + C)*(Cos[x] + I*Sin[x]))/(2*a)
Int[((A_.) + cos[(d_.) + (e_.)*(x_)]*(B_.) + (C_.)*sin[(d_.) + (e_.)*(x_)]) /(cos[(d_.) + (e_.)*(x_)]*(b_.) + (a_) + (c_.)*sin[(d_.) + (e_.)*(x_)]), x_ Symbol] :> Simp[(2*a*A - b*B - c*C)*(x/(2*a^2)), x] + (-Simp[(b*B + c*C)*(( b*Cos[d + e*x] - c*Sin[d + e*x])/(2*a*b*c*e)), x] + Simp[(a^2*(b*B - c*C) - 2*a*A*b^2 + b^2*(b*B + c*C))*(Log[RemoveContent[a + b*Cos[d + e*x] + c*Sin [d + e*x], x]]/(2*a^2*b*c*e)), x]) /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, A, B, C}, x] && EqQ[b^2 + c^2, 0]
Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 116, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.29
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {C \,{\mathrm e}^{i x}}{2 a}-\frac {i B \,{\mathrm e}^{i x}}{2 a}+\frac {i x C}{2 b}+\frac {B x}{2 b}-\frac {\ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+\frac {b}{a}\right ) C}{2 b}+\frac {b \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+\frac {b}{a}\right ) C}{2 a^{2}}+\frac {i \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+\frac {b}{a}\right ) B}{2 b}+\frac {i b \ln \left ({\mathrm e}^{i x}+\frac {b}{a}\right ) B}{2 a^{2}}\) | \(116\) |
default | \(-\frac {i C -B}{a \left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+i\right )}-\frac {b \left (i B +C \right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+i\right )}{2 a^{2}}-\frac {i \left (i C +B \right ) \ln \left (-i+\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{2 b}-\frac {i \left (i C \,a^{2}-i C \,b^{2}+B \,a^{2}+B \,b^{2}\right ) \left (a -b \right ) \ln \left (i a +i b -a \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+b \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\right )}{2 a^{2} b \left (b -a \right )}\) | \(133\) |
Input:
int((B*cos(x)+C*sin(x))/(a+b*cos(x)-I*b*sin(x)),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
Output:
-1/2*C/a*exp(I*x)-1/2*I*B/a*exp(I*x)+1/2*I/b*x*C+1/2*B*x/b-1/2/b*ln(exp(I* x)+b/a)*C+1/2/a^2*b*ln(exp(I*x)+b/a)*C+1/2*I/b*ln(exp(I*x)+b/a)*B+1/2*I/a^ 2*b*ln(exp(I*x)+b/a)*B
Time = 0.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 68, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.76 \[ \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x)} \, dx=\frac {{\left (B + i \, C\right )} a^{2} x + {\left (-i \, B - C\right )} a b e^{\left (i \, x\right )} + {\left ({\left (i \, B - C\right )} a^{2} + {\left (i \, B + C\right )} b^{2}\right )} \log \left (\frac {a e^{\left (i \, x\right )} + b}{a}\right )}{2 \, a^{2} b} \] Input:
integrate((B*cos(x)+C*sin(x))/(a+b*cos(x)-I*b*sin(x)),x, algorithm="fricas ")
Output:
1/2*((B + I*C)*a^2*x + (-I*B - C)*a*b*e^(I*x) + ((I*B - C)*a^2 + (I*B + C) *b^2)*log((a*e^(I*x) + b)/a))/(a^2*b)
Time = 0.41 (sec) , antiderivative size = 99, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.10 \[ \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x)} \, dx=\begin {cases} \frac {\left (- i B - C\right ) e^{i x}}{2 a} & \text {for}\: a \neq 0 \\x \left (- \frac {B + i C}{2 b} + \frac {B a + B b + i C a - i C b}{2 a b}\right ) & \text {otherwise} \end {cases} + \frac {x \left (B + i C\right )}{2 b} + \frac {i \left (B a^{2} + B b^{2} + i C a^{2} - i C b^{2}\right ) \log {\left (e^{i x} + \frac {b}{a} \right )}}{2 a^{2} b} \] Input:
integrate((B*cos(x)+C*sin(x))/(a+b*cos(x)-I*b*sin(x)),x)
Output:
Piecewise(((-I*B - C)*exp(I*x)/(2*a), Ne(a, 0)), (x*(-(B + I*C)/(2*b) + (B *a + B*b + I*C*a - I*C*b)/(2*a*b)), True)) + x*(B + I*C)/(2*b) + I*(B*a**2 + B*b**2 + I*C*a**2 - I*C*b**2)*log(exp(I*x) + b/a)/(2*a**2*b)
Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x)} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: RuntimeError} \] Input:
integrate((B*cos(x)+C*sin(x))/(a+b*cos(x)-I*b*sin(x)),x, algorithm="maxima ")
Output:
Exception raised: RuntimeError >> ECL says: expt: undefined: 0 to a negati ve exponent.
Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 178 vs. \(2 (73) = 146\).
Time = 0.29 (sec) , antiderivative size = 178, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.98 \[ \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x)} \, dx=-\frac {{\left (-i \, B b - C b\right )} \log \left (-a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right )^{2} + b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right )^{2} + 2 i \, a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) + a + b\right )}{4 \, a^{2}} - \frac {{\left (i \, B b + C b\right )} \log \left (\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) + i\right )}{2 \, a^{2}} + \frac {{\left (2 \, B a^{2} + 2 i \, C a^{2} + B b^{2} - i \, C b^{2}\right )} {\left (x + 2 \, \arctan \left (\frac {i \, a \cos \left (x\right ) - a \sin \left (x\right ) + i \, a}{a \cos \left (x\right ) + i \, a \sin \left (x\right ) - a + 2 \, b}\right )\right )}}{4 \, a^{2} b} - \frac {-i \, B b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) - C b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) - 2 \, B a + 2 i \, C a + B b - i \, C b}{2 \, a^{2} {\left (\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, x\right ) + i\right )}} \] Input:
integrate((B*cos(x)+C*sin(x))/(a+b*cos(x)-I*b*sin(x)),x, algorithm="giac")
Output:
-1/4*(-I*B*b - C*b)*log(-a*tan(1/2*x)^2 + b*tan(1/2*x)^2 + 2*I*a*tan(1/2*x ) + a + b)/a^2 - 1/2*(I*B*b + C*b)*log(tan(1/2*x) + I)/a^2 + 1/4*(2*B*a^2 + 2*I*C*a^2 + B*b^2 - I*C*b^2)*(x + 2*arctan((I*a*cos(x) - a*sin(x) + I*a) /(a*cos(x) + I*a*sin(x) - a + 2*b)))/(a^2*b) - 1/2*(-I*B*b*tan(1/2*x) - C* b*tan(1/2*x) - 2*B*a + 2*I*C*a + B*b - I*C*b)/(a^2*(tan(1/2*x) + I))
Time = 16.99 (sec) , antiderivative size = 118, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.31 \[ \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x)} \, dx=\ln \left (a+b+a\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}-b\,\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )\,\left (\frac {-\frac {C}{2}+\frac {B\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{b}+\frac {\frac {C\,b^2}{2}+\frac {B\,b^2\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}}{a^2\,b}\right )+\frac {B-C\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{a\,\left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+1{}\mathrm {i}\right )}-\frac {\ln \left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )+1{}\mathrm {i}\right )\,\left (C\,b+B\,b\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{2\,a^2}-\frac {\ln \left (\mathrm {tan}\left (\frac {x}{2}\right )-\mathrm {i}\right )\,\left (-C+B\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{2\,b} \] Input:
int((B*cos(x) + C*sin(x))/(a + b*cos(x) - b*sin(x)*1i),x)
Output:
log(a + b + a*tan(x/2)*1i - b*tan(x/2)*1i)*(((B*1i)/2 - C/2)/b + ((B*b^2*1 i)/2 + (C*b^2)/2)/(a^2*b)) + (B - C*1i)/(a*(tan(x/2) + 1i)) - (log(tan(x/2 ) + 1i)*(B*b*1i + C*b))/(2*a^2) - (log(tan(x/2) - 1i)*(B*1i - C))/(2*b)
\[ \int \frac {B \cos (x)+C \sin (x)}{a+b \cos (x)-i b \sin (x)} \, dx=\frac {2 \left (\int \frac {1}{\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} a -\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} b -2 \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right ) b i +a +b}d x \right ) a \,b^{2}-2 \left (\int \frac {1}{\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} a -\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} b -2 \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right ) b i +a +b}d x \right ) a b c i +\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2}+1\right ) a c -\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2}+1\right ) b^{2} i -\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2}+1\right ) b c -\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} a -\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} b -2 \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right ) b i +a +b \right ) a c +\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} a -\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} b -2 \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right ) b i +a +b \right ) b^{2} i +\mathrm {log}\left (\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} a -\tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right )^{2} b -2 \tan \left (\frac {x}{2}\right ) b i +a +b \right ) b c -b^{2} x +b c i x}{a b} \] Input:
int((B*cos(x)+C*sin(x))/(a+b*cos(x)-I*b*sin(x)),x)
Output:
(2*int(1/(tan(x/2)**2*a - tan(x/2)**2*b - 2*tan(x/2)*b*i + a + b),x)*a*b** 2 - 2*int(1/(tan(x/2)**2*a - tan(x/2)**2*b - 2*tan(x/2)*b*i + a + b),x)*a* b*c*i + log(tan(x/2)**2 + 1)*a*c - log(tan(x/2)**2 + 1)*b**2*i - log(tan(x /2)**2 + 1)*b*c - log(tan(x/2)**2*a - tan(x/2)**2*b - 2*tan(x/2)*b*i + a + b)*a*c + log(tan(x/2)**2*a - tan(x/2)**2*b - 2*tan(x/2)*b*i + a + b)*b**2 *i + log(tan(x/2)**2*a - tan(x/2)**2*b - 2*tan(x/2)*b*i + a + b)*b*c - b** 2*x + b*c*i*x)/(a*b)