\(\int \cos (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}) \, dx\) [53]

Optimal result

Integrand size = 14, antiderivative size = 101 \[ \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx=\frac {(c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right )}{d}-\frac {(b c-a d) \operatorname {CosIntegral}\left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )}{d^2}+\frac {(b c-a d) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \text {Si}\left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )}{d^2} \] Output:

(d*x+c)*cos((b*x+a)/(d*x+c))/d-(-a*d+b*c)*Ci((-a*d+b*c)/d/(d*x+c))*sin(b/d 
)/d^2+(-a*d+b*c)*cos(b/d)*Si((-a*d+b*c)/d/(d*x+c))/d^2
 

Mathematica [C] (warning: unable to verify)

Result contains complex when optimal does not.

Time = 0.75 (sec) , antiderivative size = 319, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.16 \[ \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx=\frac {c d e^{-\frac {i (a+b x)}{c+d x}}+c d e^{\frac {i (a+b x)}{c+d x}}+2 d^2 x \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \cos \left (\frac {-b c+a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )-2 d^2 x \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {-b c+a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )-(b c-a d) \left (\operatorname {CosIntegral}\left (\frac {b c-a d}{c d+d^2 x}\right ) \left (-i \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )+\sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )\right )+\operatorname {CosIntegral}\left (\frac {-b c+a d}{d (c+d x)}\right ) \left (i \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )+\sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )\right )+\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \text {Si}\left (\frac {-b c+a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )+i \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \text {Si}\left (\frac {-b c+a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )-\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \text {Si}\left (\frac {b c-a d}{c d+d^2 x}\right )+i \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \text {Si}\left (\frac {b c-a d}{c d+d^2 x}\right )\right )}{2 d^2} \] Input:

Integrate[Cos[(a + b*x)/(c + d*x)],x]
 

Output:

((c*d)/E^((I*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x)) + c*d*E^((I*(a + b*x))/(c + d*x)) + 2*d 
^2*x*Cos[b/d]*Cos[(-(b*c) + a*d)/(d*(c + d*x))] - 2*d^2*x*Sin[b/d]*Sin[(-( 
b*c) + a*d)/(d*(c + d*x))] - (b*c - a*d)*(CosIntegral[(b*c - a*d)/(c*d + d 
^2*x)]*((-I)*Cos[b/d] + Sin[b/d]) + CosIntegral[(-(b*c) + a*d)/(d*(c + d*x 
))]*(I*Cos[b/d] + Sin[b/d]) + Cos[b/d]*SinIntegral[(-(b*c) + a*d)/(d*(c + 
d*x))] + I*Sin[b/d]*SinIntegral[(-(b*c) + a*d)/(d*(c + d*x))] - Cos[b/d]*S 
inIntegral[(b*c - a*d)/(c*d + d^2*x)] + I*Sin[b/d]*SinIntegral[(b*c - a*d) 
/(c*d + d^2*x)]))/(2*d^2)
 

Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.58 (sec) , antiderivative size = 108, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.07, number of steps used = 11, number of rules used = 10, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.714, Rules used = {5075, 3042, 3778, 25, 3042, 3784, 25, 3042, 3780, 3783}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 5075

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\int (c+d x)^2 \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\int (c+d x)^2 \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3778

\(\displaystyle -\frac {-\frac {(b c-a d) \int -\left ((c+d x) \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}}{d}-\left ((c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )\right )}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 25

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {(b c-a d) \int (c+d x) \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}}{d}-(c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {(b c-a d) \int (c+d x) \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}}{d}-(c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3784

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {(b c-a d) \left (\sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \int (c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}+\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \int -\left ((c+d x) \sin \left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}\right )}{d}-(c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 25

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {(b c-a d) \left (\sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \int (c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}-\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \int (c+d x) \sin \left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}\right )}{d}-(c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {(b c-a d) \left (\sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \int (c+d x) \sin \left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}-\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \int (c+d x) \sin \left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}\right )}{d}-(c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3780

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {(b c-a d) \left (\sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \int (c+d x) \sin \left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )d\frac {1}{c+d x}-\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \text {Si}\left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )\right )}{d}-(c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )}{d}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3783

\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {(b c-a d) \left (\sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \operatorname {CosIntegral}\left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )-\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \text {Si}\left (\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )\right )}{d}-(c+d x) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}-\frac {b c-a d}{d (c+d x)}\right )}{d}\)

Input:

Int[Cos[(a + b*x)/(c + d*x)],x]
 

Output:

-((-((c + d*x)*Cos[b/d - (b*c - a*d)/(d*(c + d*x))]) + ((b*c - a*d)*(CosIn 
tegral[(b*c - a*d)/(d*(c + d*x))]*Sin[b/d] - Cos[b/d]*SinIntegral[(b*c - a 
*d)/(d*(c + d*x))]))/d)/d)
 

Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 25

Int[-(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Identity[-1]   Int[Fx, x], x]
 

rule 3042

Int[u_, x_Symbol] :> Int[DeactivateTrig[u, x], x] /; FunctionOfTrigOfLinear 
Q[u, x]
 

rule 3778

Int[((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(m_)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(c 
 + d*x)^(m + 1)*(Sin[e + f*x]/(d*(m + 1))), x] - Simp[f/(d*(m + 1))   Int[( 
c + d*x)^(m + 1)*Cos[e + f*x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{c, d, e, f}, x] && LtQ[m, - 
1]
 

rule 3780

Int[sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]/((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)), x_Symbol] :> Simp[SinInte 
gral[e + f*x]/d, x] /; FreeQ[{c, d, e, f}, x] && EqQ[d*e - c*f, 0]
 

rule 3783

Int[sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]/((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)), x_Symbol] :> Simp[CosInte 
gral[e - Pi/2 + f*x]/d, x] /; FreeQ[{c, d, e, f}, x] && EqQ[d*(e - Pi/2) - 
c*f, 0]
 

rule 3784

Int[sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]/((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Cos[(d* 
e - c*f)/d]   Int[Sin[c*(f/d) + f*x]/(c + d*x), x], x] + Simp[Sin[(d*e - c* 
f)/d]   Int[Cos[c*(f/d) + f*x]/(c + d*x), x], x] /; FreeQ[{c, d, e, f}, x] 
&& NeQ[d*e - c*f, 0]
 

rule 5075

Int[Cos[((e_.)*((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_)))/((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))]^(n_.), x_Symbol] 
 :> Simp[-d^(-1)   Subst[Int[Cos[b*(e/d) - e*(b*c - a*d)*(x/d)]^n/x^2, x], 
x, 1/(c + d*x)], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && NeQ[b*c - a* 
d, 0]
 

Maple [A] (verified)

Time = 0.37 (sec) , antiderivative size = 142, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.41

method	result	size
derivativedivides	\(-\left (a d -c b \right ) \left (-\frac {\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}+\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}{\left (\left (\frac {b}{d}+\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d -b \right ) d}-\frac {\frac {\operatorname {Si}\left (\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )}{d}+\frac {\operatorname {Ci}\left (\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )}{d}}{d}\right )\)	\(142\)
default	\(-\left (a d -c b \right ) \left (-\frac {\cos \left (\frac {b}{d}+\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right )}{\left (\left (\frac {b}{d}+\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) d -b \right ) d}-\frac {\frac {\operatorname {Si}\left (\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )}{d}+\frac {\operatorname {Ci}\left (\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right )}{d}}{d}\right )\)	\(142\)
risch	\(\frac {i \operatorname {expIntegral}_{1}\left (-\frac {i \left (a d -c b \right )}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) {\mathrm e}^{\frac {i b}{d}} a}{2 d}-\frac {i \operatorname {expIntegral}_{1}\left (-\frac {i \left (a d -c b \right )}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) {\mathrm e}^{\frac {i b}{d}} c b}{2 d^{2}}-\frac {{\mathrm e}^{-\frac {i b}{d}} \pi \,\operatorname {csgn}\left (\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) a}{2 d}+\frac {{\mathrm e}^{-\frac {i b}{d}} \pi \,\operatorname {csgn}\left (\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) b c}{2 d^{2}}+\frac {{\mathrm e}^{-\frac {i b}{d}} \operatorname {Si}\left (\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) a}{d}-\frac {{\mathrm e}^{-\frac {i b}{d}} \operatorname {Si}\left (\frac {a d -c b}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) b c}{d^{2}}-\frac {i {\mathrm e}^{-\frac {i b}{d}} \operatorname {expIntegral}_{1}\left (-\frac {i \left (a d -c b \right )}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) a}{2 d}+\frac {i {\mathrm e}^{-\frac {i b}{d}} \operatorname {expIntegral}_{1}\left (-\frac {i \left (a d -c b \right )}{d \left (d x +c \right )}\right ) b c}{2 d^{2}}+\cos \left (\frac {b x +a}{d x +c}\right ) x +\frac {\cos \left (\frac {b x +a}{d x +c}\right ) c}{d}\)	\(330\)

Input:

int(cos((b*x+a)/(d*x+c)),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 

Output:

-(a*d-b*c)*(-cos(b/d+(a*d-b*c)/d/(d*x+c))/((b/d+(a*d-b*c)/d/(d*x+c))*d-b)/ 
d-(Si((a*d-b*c)/d/(d*x+c))*cos(b/d)/d+Ci((a*d-b*c)/d/(d*x+c))*sin(b/d)/d)/ 
d)
 

Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 105, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.04 \[ \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx=-\frac {{\left (b c - a d\right )} \operatorname {Ci}\left (-\frac {b c - a d}{d^{2} x + c d}\right ) \sin \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) + {\left (b c - a d\right )} \cos \left (\frac {b}{d}\right ) \operatorname {Si}\left (-\frac {b c - a d}{d^{2} x + c d}\right ) - {\left (d^{2} x + c d\right )} \cos \left (\frac {b x + a}{d x + c}\right )}{d^{2}} \] Input:

integrate(cos((b*x+a)/(d*x+c)),x, algorithm="fricas")
 

Output:

-((b*c - a*d)*cos_integral(-(b*c - a*d)/(d^2*x + c*d))*sin(b/d) + (b*c - a 
*d)*cos(b/d)*sin_integral(-(b*c - a*d)/(d^2*x + c*d)) - (d^2*x + c*d)*cos( 
(b*x + a)/(d*x + c)))/d^2
 

Sympy [F]

\[ \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx=\int \cos {\left (\frac {a + b x}{c + d x} \right )}\, dx \] Input:

integrate(cos((b*x+a)/(d*x+c)),x)
 

Output:

Integral(cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x)), x)
 

Maxima [F]

\[ \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx=\int { \cos \left (\frac {b x + a}{d x + c}\right ) \,d x } \] Input:

integrate(cos((b*x+a)/(d*x+c)),x, algorithm="maxima")
 

Output:

integrate(cos((b*x + a)/(d*x + c)), x)
 

Giac [B] (verification not implemented)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 633 vs. \(2 (101) = 202\).

Time = 5.23 (sec) , antiderivative size = 633, normalized size of antiderivative = 6.27 \[ \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx =\text {Too large to display} \] Input:

integrate(cos((b*x+a)/(d*x+c)),x, algorithm="giac")
 

Output:

-(b^3*c^2*cos_integral(-(b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d)*sin(b/d) - 2*a*b^2* 
c*d*cos_integral(-(b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d)*sin(b/d) - (b*x + a)*b^2* 
c^2*d*cos_integral(-(b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d)*sin(b/d)/(d*x + c) + a^ 
2*b*d^2*cos_integral(-(b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d)*sin(b/d) + 2*(b*x + a 
)*a*b*c*d^2*cos_integral(-(b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d)*sin(b/d)/(d*x + c 
) - (b*x + a)*a^2*d^3*cos_integral(-(b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d)*sin(b/d 
)/(d*x + c) - b^3*c^2*cos(b/d)*sin_integral((b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d) 
 + 2*a*b^2*c*d*cos(b/d)*sin_integral((b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d) + (b*x 
 + a)*b^2*c^2*d*cos(b/d)*sin_integral((b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d)/(d*x 
+ c) - a^2*b*d^2*cos(b/d)*sin_integral((b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d) - 2* 
(b*x + a)*a*b*c*d^2*cos(b/d)*sin_integral((b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + c))/d)/( 
d*x + c) + (b*x + a)*a^2*d^3*cos(b/d)*sin_integral((b - (b*x + a)*d/(d*x + 
 c))/d)/(d*x + c) - b^2*c^2*d*cos((b*x + a)/(d*x + c)) + 2*a*b*c*d^2*cos(( 
b*x + a)/(d*x + c)) - a^2*d^3*cos((b*x + a)/(d*x + c)))*(b*c/(b*c - a*d)^2 
 - a*d/(b*c - a*d)^2)/(b*d^2 - (b*x + a)*d^3/(d*x + c))
 

Mupad [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx=\int \cos \left (\frac {a+b\,x}{c+d\,x}\right ) \,d x \] Input:

int(cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x)),x)
 

Output:

int(cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x)), x)
 

Reduce [F]

\[ \int \cos \left (\frac {a+b x}{c+d x}\right ) \, dx =\text {Too large to display} \] Input:

int(cos((b*x+a)/(d*x+c)),x)
 

Output:

( - 2*int(cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c**3* 
d - 2*int(cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c**2* 
d**2*x + 2*int(cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*b* 
c**4 + 2*int(cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*b*c* 
*3*d*x + int(x**2/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c*d**3 + int(x**2/(c** 
2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*d**4*x - int(x**2/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x** 
2),x)*b*c**2*d**2 - int(x**2/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*b*c*d**3*x + 
int((cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))*x**2)/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c*d* 
*3 + int((cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))*x**2)/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a 
*d**4*x - int((cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))*x**2)/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2) 
,x)*b*c**2*d**2 - int((cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))*x**2)/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d* 
*2*x**2),x)*b*c*d**3*x + 2*int((cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))*x)/(c**2 + 2*c*d* 
x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c**2*d**2 + 2*int((cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))*x)/(c**2 + 
 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c*d**3*x - 2*int((cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))*x)/( 
c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*b*c**3*d - 2*int((cos((a + b*x)/(c + d*x))* 
x)/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*b*c**2*d**2*x + 2*int(x/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x 
 + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c**2*d**2 + 2*int(x/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c 
*d**3*x - 2*int(x/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*b*c**3*d - 2*int(x/(c**2 
 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*b*c**2*d**2*x - 2*int(1/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2* 
x**2),x)*a*c**3*d - 2*int(1/(c**2 + 2*c*d*x + d**2*x**2),x)*a*c**2*d**2...