\(\int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx\) [65]

Optimal result

Integrand size = 21, antiderivative size = 154 \[ \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx=\frac {b x^4}{12}+\frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))+\frac {1}{6} i x^3 \log \left (1-i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )+\frac {x^2 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{4 b}+\frac {i x \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (3,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{4 b^2}-\frac {\operatorname {PolyLog}\left (4,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{8 b^3} \] Output:

1/12*b*x^4-1/3*x^3*arctan(-c-(1-I*c)*cot(b*x+a))+1/6*I*x^3*ln(1-I*c*exp(2* 
I*a+2*I*b*x))+1/4*x^2*polylog(2,I*c*exp(2*I*a+2*I*b*x))/b+1/4*I*x*polylog( 
3,I*c*exp(2*I*a+2*I*b*x))/b^2-1/8*polylog(4,I*c*exp(2*I*a+2*I*b*x))/b^3
 

Mathematica [A] (verified)

Time = 0.24 (sec) , antiderivative size = 136, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.88 \[ \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx=\frac {1}{24} \left (8 x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))+4 i x^3 \log \left (1+\frac {i e^{-2 i (a+b x)}}{c}\right )-\frac {6 x^2 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,-\frac {i e^{-2 i (a+b x)}}{c}\right )}{b}+\frac {6 i x \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (3,-\frac {i e^{-2 i (a+b x)}}{c}\right )}{b^2}+\frac {3 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (4,-\frac {i e^{-2 i (a+b x)}}{c}\right )}{b^3}\right ) \] Input:

Integrate[x^2*ArcTan[c + (1 - I*c)*Cot[a + b*x]],x]
 

Output:

(8*x^3*ArcTan[c + (1 - I*c)*Cot[a + b*x]] + (4*I)*x^3*Log[1 + I/(c*E^((2*I 
)*(a + b*x)))] - (6*x^2*PolyLog[2, (-I)/(c*E^((2*I)*(a + b*x)))])/b + ((6* 
I)*x*PolyLog[3, (-I)/(c*E^((2*I)*(a + b*x)))])/b^2 + (3*PolyLog[4, (-I)/(c 
*E^((2*I)*(a + b*x)))])/b^3)/24
 

Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.81 (sec) , antiderivative size = 198, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.29, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.381, Rules used = {5696, 25, 2615, 2620, 3011, 7163, 2720, 7143}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 5696

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))-\frac {1}{3} i b \int -\frac {x^3}{e^{2 i a+2 i b x} c+i}dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 25

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} i b \int \frac {x^3}{e^{2 i a+2 i b x} c+i}dx+\frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 2615

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} i b \left (i c \int \frac {e^{2 i a+2 i b x} x^3}{e^{2 i a+2 i b x} c+i}dx-\frac {i x^4}{4}\right )+\frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 2620

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} i b \left (i c \left (\frac {3 i \int x^2 \log \left (1-i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )dx}{2 b c}-\frac {i x^3 \log \left (1-i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b c}\right )-\frac {i x^4}{4}\right )+\frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 3011

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} i b \left (i c \left (\frac {3 i \left (\frac {i x^2 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b}-\frac {i \int x \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )dx}{b}\right )}{2 b c}-\frac {i x^3 \log \left (1-i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b c}\right )-\frac {i x^4}{4}\right )+\frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 7163

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} i b \left (i c \left (\frac {3 i \left (\frac {i x^2 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b}-\frac {i \left (\frac {i \int \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (3,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )dx}{2 b}-\frac {i x \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (3,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b}\right )}{b}\right )}{2 b c}-\frac {i x^3 \log \left (1-i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b c}\right )-\frac {i x^4}{4}\right )+\frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 2720

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} i b \left (i c \left (\frac {3 i \left (\frac {i x^2 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b}-\frac {i \left (\frac {\int e^{-2 i a-2 i b x} \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (3,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )de^{2 i a+2 i b x}}{4 b^2}-\frac {i x \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (3,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b}\right )}{b}\right )}{2 b c}-\frac {i x^3 \log \left (1-i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b c}\right )-\frac {i x^4}{4}\right )+\frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 7143

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} x^3 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x))+\frac {1}{3} i b \left (i c \left (\frac {3 i \left (\frac {i x^2 \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b}-\frac {i \left (\frac {\operatorname {PolyLog}\left (4,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{4 b^2}-\frac {i x \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (3,i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b}\right )}{b}\right )}{2 b c}-\frac {i x^3 \log \left (1-i c e^{2 i a+2 i b x}\right )}{2 b c}\right )-\frac {i x^4}{4}\right )\)

Input:

Int[x^2*ArcTan[c + (1 - I*c)*Cot[a + b*x]],x]
 

Output:

(x^3*ArcTan[c + (1 - I*c)*Cot[a + b*x]])/3 + (I/3)*b*((-1/4*I)*x^4 + I*c*( 
((-1/2*I)*x^3*Log[1 - I*c*E^((2*I)*a + (2*I)*b*x)])/(b*c) + (((3*I)/2)*((( 
I/2)*x^2*PolyLog[2, I*c*E^((2*I)*a + (2*I)*b*x)])/b - (I*(((-1/2*I)*x*Poly 
Log[3, I*c*E^((2*I)*a + (2*I)*b*x)])/b + PolyLog[4, I*c*E^((2*I)*a + (2*I) 
*b*x)]/(4*b^2)))/b))/(b*c)))
 

Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 25

Int[-(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Identity[-1]   Int[Fx, x], x]
 

rule 2615

Int[((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(m_.)/((a_) + (b_.)*((F_)^((g_.)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x 
_))))^(n_.)), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(c + d*x)^(m + 1)/(a*d*(m + 1)), x] - Simp[ 
b/a   Int[(c + d*x)^m*((F^(g*(e + f*x)))^n/(a + b*(F^(g*(e + f*x)))^n)), x] 
, x] /; FreeQ[{F, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, n}, x] && IGtQ[m, 0]
 

rule 2620

Int[(((F_)^((g_.)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))))^(n_.)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(m_.))/ 
((a_) + (b_.)*((F_)^((g_.)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))))^(n_.)), x_Symbol] :> Simp 
[((c + d*x)^m/(b*f*g*n*Log[F]))*Log[1 + b*((F^(g*(e + f*x)))^n/a)], x] - Si 
mp[d*(m/(b*f*g*n*Log[F]))   Int[(c + d*x)^(m - 1)*Log[1 + b*((F^(g*(e + f*x 
)))^n/a)], x], x] /; FreeQ[{F, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, n}, x] && IGtQ[m, 0]
 

rule 2720

Int[u_, x_Symbol] :> With[{v = FunctionOfExponential[u, x]}, Simp[v/D[v, x] 
   Subst[Int[FunctionOfExponentialFunction[u, x]/x, x], x, v], x]] /; Funct 
ionOfExponentialQ[u, x] &&  !MatchQ[u, (w_)*((a_.)*(v_)^(n_))^(m_) /; FreeQ 
[{a, m, n}, x] && IntegerQ[m*n]] &&  !MatchQ[u, E^((c_.)*((a_.) + (b_.)*x)) 
*(F_)[v_] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && InverseFunctionQ[F[x]]]
 

rule 3011

Int[Log[1 + (e_.)*((F_)^((c_.)*((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))))^(n_.)]*((f_.) + (g_.) 
*(x_))^(m_.), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-(f + g*x)^m)*(PolyLog[2, (-e)*(F^(c*(a + 
b*x)))^n]/(b*c*n*Log[F])), x] + Simp[g*(m/(b*c*n*Log[F]))   Int[(f + g*x)^( 
m - 1)*PolyLog[2, (-e)*(F^(c*(a + b*x)))^n], x], x] /; FreeQ[{F, a, b, c, e 
, f, g, n}, x] && GtQ[m, 0]
 

rule 5696

Int[ArcTan[(c_.) + Cot[(a_.) + (b_.)*(x_)]*(d_.)]*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))^(m_. 
), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(e + f*x)^(m + 1)*(ArcTan[c + d*Cot[a + b*x]]/(f*(m + 
1))), x] - Simp[I*(b/(f*(m + 1)))   Int[(e + f*x)^(m + 1)/(c - I*d - c*E^(2 
*I*a + 2*I*b*x)), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && IGtQ[m, 0] && E 
qQ[(c - I*d)^2, -1]
 

rule 7143

Int[PolyLog[n_, (c_.)*((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(p_.)]/((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_)), x_S 
ymbol] :> Simp[PolyLog[n + 1, c*(a + b*x)^p]/(e*p), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d 
, e, n, p}, x] && EqQ[b*d, a*e]
 

rule 7163

Int[((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*PolyLog[n_, (d_.)*((F_)^((c_.)*((a_.) + (b_. 
)*(x_))))^(p_.)], x_Symbol] :> Simp[(e + f*x)^m*(PolyLog[n + 1, d*(F^(c*(a 
+ b*x)))^p]/(b*c*p*Log[F])), x] - Simp[f*(m/(b*c*p*Log[F]))   Int[(e + f*x) 
^(m - 1)*PolyLog[n + 1, d*(F^(c*(a + b*x)))^p], x], x] /; FreeQ[{F, a, b, c 
, d, e, f, n, p}, x] && GtQ[m, 0]
 

Maple [C] (warning: unable to verify)

Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.

Time = 5.20 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1487, normalized size of antiderivative = 9.66

method	result	size
risch	\(\text {Expression too large to display}\)	\(1487\)

Input:

int(-x^2*arctan(-c-(1-I*c)*cot(b*x+a)),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 

Output:

1/2*I/b^3*a^3*ln(1-I*exp(I*(b*x+a))*(-I*c)^(1/2))+1/3*I*x^3*ln(exp(I*(b*x+ 
a)))-1/2*I/b^2*ln(1-I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c)*x*a^2-1/6*I/b^3*a^3*ln(exp(2*I*( 
b*x+a))*c+I)+1/6*I*x^3*ln(1-I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c)+1/2*I/b^3*a^3*ln(1+I*exp 
(I*(b*x+a))*(-I*c)^(1/2))+1/4*x^2*polylog(2,I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c)/b-1/4/b^ 
3*polylog(2,I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c)*a^2-1/3*I/b^3*ln(1-I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c) 
*a^3-1/8*polylog(4,I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c)/b^3-1/12*I*(2*I*Pi+I*Pi*csgn(I*ex 
p(2*I*(b*x+a)))^3-2*I*Pi*csgn(I*exp(I*(b*x+a)))*csgn(I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a)))^2 
+I*Pi*csgn(I*exp(I*(b*x+a)))^2*csgn(I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a)))-2*ln(I+c)+I*Pi*csg 
n(I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*(I+c)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1))*csgn(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*(I+ 
c)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1))-I*Pi*csgn(I*(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c+I)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+ 
a))-1))*csgn((exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c+I)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1))+I*Pi*csgn(I*(exp 
(2*I*(b*x+a))*c+I)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1))*csgn((exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c+I)/(exp( 
2*I*(b*x+a))-1))^2-I*Pi*csgn(I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*(I+c)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1) 
)*csgn(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*(I+c)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1))^2-I*Pi*csgn(I/(exp(2*I 
*(b*x+a))-1))*csgn(I/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1)*(I+c))^2-I*Pi*csgn(I*(I+c))*csgn 
(I/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1)*(I+c))^2-I*Pi*csgn(I/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1))*csgn(I* 
(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c+I))*csgn(I*(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*c+I)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1) 
)+I*Pi*csgn(I/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1))*csgn(I*(I+c))*csgn(I/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a)) 
-1)*(I+c))+I*Pi*csgn(I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a)))*csgn(I/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1)*(I+c) 
)*csgn(I*exp(2*I*(b*x+a))*(I+c)/(exp(2*I*(b*x+a))-1))-I*Pi*csgn((exp(2*...
 

Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 166, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.08 \[ \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx=\frac {2 \, b^{4} x^{4} + 4 i \, b^{3} x^{3} \log \left (-\frac {{\left (c + i\right )} e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )}}{c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )} + i}\right ) + 6 \, b^{2} x^{2} {\rm Li}_2\left (i \, c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )}\right ) - 2 \, a^{4} - 4 i \, a^{3} \log \left (\frac {c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )} + i}{c}\right ) + 6 i \, b x {\rm polylog}\left (3, i \, c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )}\right ) - 4 \, {\left (-i \, b^{3} x^{3} - i \, a^{3}\right )} \log \left (-i \, c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )} + 1\right ) - 3 \, {\rm polylog}\left (4, i \, c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )}\right )}{24 \, b^{3}} \] Input:

integrate(-x^2*arctan(-c-(1-I*c)*cot(b*x+a)),x, algorithm="fricas")
 

Output:

1/24*(2*b^4*x^4 + 4*I*b^3*x^3*log(-(c + I)*e^(2*I*b*x + 2*I*a)/(c*e^(2*I*b 
*x + 2*I*a) + I)) + 6*b^2*x^2*dilog(I*c*e^(2*I*b*x + 2*I*a)) - 2*a^4 - 4*I 
*a^3*log((c*e^(2*I*b*x + 2*I*a) + I)/c) + 6*I*b*x*polylog(3, I*c*e^(2*I*b* 
x + 2*I*a)) - 4*(-I*b^3*x^3 - I*a^3)*log(-I*c*e^(2*I*b*x + 2*I*a) + 1) - 3 
*polylog(4, I*c*e^(2*I*b*x + 2*I*a)))/b^3
 

Sympy [F(-2)]

Exception generated. \[ \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx=\text {Exception raised: CoercionFailed} \] Input:

integrate(-x**2*atan(-c-(1-I*c)*cot(b*x+a)),x)
 

Output:

Exception raised: CoercionFailed >> Cannot convert _t0**2*exp(2*I*a) - 1 o 
f type <class 'sympy.core.add.Add'> to QQ_I[x,b,_t0,exp(I*a)]
 

Maxima [B] (verification not implemented)

Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 309 vs. \(2 (110) = 220\).

Time = 0.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 309, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.01 \[ \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx=\frac {\frac {4 \, {\left ({\left (b x + a\right )}^{3} - 3 \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{2} a + 3 \, {\left (b x + a\right )} a^{2}\right )} \arctan \left ({\left (-i \, c + 1\right )} \cot \left (b x + a\right ) + c\right )}{b^{2}} + \frac {{\left (-3 i \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{4} + 12 i \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{3} a - 18 i \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{2} a^{2} - 2 \, {\left (4 i \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{3} - 9 i \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{2} a + 9 i \, {\left (b x + a\right )} a^{2}\right )} \arctan \left (c \cos \left (2 \, b x + 2 \, a\right ), c \sin \left (2 \, b x + 2 \, a\right ) + 1\right ) - 3 \, {\left (4 i \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{2} - 6 i \, {\left (b x + a\right )} a + 3 i \, a^{2}\right )} {\rm Li}_2\left (i \, c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )}\right ) + {\left (4 \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{3} - 9 \, {\left (b x + a\right )}^{2} a + 9 \, {\left (b x + a\right )} a^{2}\right )} \log \left (c^{2} \cos \left (2 \, b x + 2 \, a\right )^{2} + c^{2} \sin \left (2 \, b x + 2 \, a\right )^{2} + 2 \, c \sin \left (2 \, b x + 2 \, a\right ) + 1\right ) + 3 \, {\left (4 \, b x + a\right )} {\rm Li}_{3}(i \, c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )}) + 6 i \, {\rm Li}_{4}(i \, c e^{\left (2 i \, b x + 2 i \, a\right )})\right )} {\left (i \, c - 1\right )}}{b^{2} {\left (c + i\right )}}}{12 \, b} \] Input:

integrate(-x^2*arctan(-c-(1-I*c)*cot(b*x+a)),x, algorithm="maxima")
 

Output:

1/12*(4*((b*x + a)^3 - 3*(b*x + a)^2*a + 3*(b*x + a)*a^2)*arctan((-I*c + 1 
)*cot(b*x + a) + c)/b^2 + (-3*I*(b*x + a)^4 + 12*I*(b*x + a)^3*a - 18*I*(b 
*x + a)^2*a^2 - 2*(4*I*(b*x + a)^3 - 9*I*(b*x + a)^2*a + 9*I*(b*x + a)*a^2 
)*arctan2(c*cos(2*b*x + 2*a), c*sin(2*b*x + 2*a) + 1) - 3*(4*I*(b*x + a)^2 
 - 6*I*(b*x + a)*a + 3*I*a^2)*dilog(I*c*e^(2*I*b*x + 2*I*a)) + (4*(b*x + a 
)^3 - 9*(b*x + a)^2*a + 9*(b*x + a)*a^2)*log(c^2*cos(2*b*x + 2*a)^2 + c^2* 
sin(2*b*x + 2*a)^2 + 2*c*sin(2*b*x + 2*a) + 1) + 3*(4*b*x + a)*polylog(3, 
I*c*e^(2*I*b*x + 2*I*a)) + 6*I*polylog(4, I*c*e^(2*I*b*x + 2*I*a)))*(I*c - 
 1)/(b^2*(c + I)))/b
 

Giac [F]

\[ \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx=\int { -x^{2} \arctan \left (-{\left (-i \, c + 1\right )} \cot \left (b x + a\right ) - c\right ) \,d x } \] Input:

integrate(-x^2*arctan(-c-(1-I*c)*cot(b*x+a)),x, algorithm="giac")
 

Output:

integrate(-x^2*arctan(-(-I*c + 1)*cot(b*x + a) - c), x)
 

Mupad [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx=\int x^2\,\mathrm {atan}\left (c-\mathrm {cot}\left (a+b\,x\right )\,\left (-1+c\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )\right ) \,d x \] Input:

int(x^2*atan(c - cot(a + b*x)*(c*1i - 1)),x)
 

Output:

int(x^2*atan(c - cot(a + b*x)*(c*1i - 1)), x)
 

Reduce [F]

\[ \int x^2 \arctan (c+(1-i c) \cot (a+b x)) \, dx=-\left (\int \mathit {atan} \left (\cot \left (b x +a \right ) c i -\cot \left (b x +a \right )-c \right ) x^{2}d x \right ) \] Input:

int(-x^2*atan(-c-(1-I*c)*cot(b*x+a)),x)
 

Output:

 - int(atan(cot(a + b*x)*c*i - cot(a + b*x) - c)*x**2,x)